本文選題：單音反義實(shí)詞　切入點(diǎn)：語法特點(diǎn)　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：反義詞作為漢語詞匯系統(tǒng)中的一個(gè)重要組成部分,在很大程度上影響著語言的使用與表達(dá)。反義詞的重要作用以及自身的獨(dú)特性,吸引了眾多學(xué)者的討論與研究。目前,關(guān)于反義詞的研究主要集中在反義詞的成詞條件、類型特點(diǎn)以及反義詞組義反雙方的不均衡性等方面。 在漢語反義詞的學(xué)習(xí)過程中,留學(xué)生經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到各種各樣的問題,因此,反義詞的教學(xué)與學(xué)習(xí)也成為了對(duì)外漢語教學(xué)中的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)�？v觀已有的研究,大都集中在雙音節(jié)反義詞、反義形容詞以及一些特定著作中的反義現(xiàn)象,很少有人對(duì)《HSK詞匯大綱》中的反義詞做專門的研究,也沒有人對(duì)《HSK詞匯大綱》中的單音反義實(shí)詞作全面的統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析。鑒于此,本文將從漢語本體的相關(guān)理論出發(fā),全面統(tǒng)計(jì)《HSK詞匯大綱》中的單音反義實(shí)詞,進(jìn)而對(duì)所統(tǒng)計(jì)出來的單音反義實(shí)詞詞組做相關(guān)的分析,然后再針對(duì)當(dāng)前對(duì)外漢語教材中關(guān)于反義詞教學(xué)這一部分所存在的問題,提出自己的教學(xué)建議與編寫建議,以期對(duì)留學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)漢語反義詞時(shí)提供一定的幫助。 論文的第一部分結(jié)合目前的研究成果對(duì)反義詞的定義、成詞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、反義詞的類型等問題做一些梳理。綜合眾多學(xué)者的觀點(diǎn)以及人們的語言使用習(xí)慣,決定本文所選用的判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與分類方法。 本文將采用窮盡式的統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,整理出大綱中所有的單音反義實(shí)詞的數(shù)量,然后對(duì)它們進(jìn)行歸類,再?gòu)脑~性的角度詳細(xì)分析各類反義詞的特點(diǎn)。對(duì)所統(tǒng)計(jì)出來的單音反義詞組的分析將從宏觀和微觀兩個(gè)角度展開。宏觀上,概括出這些反義詞整體所呈現(xiàn)出來的特點(diǎn)；微觀上則重點(diǎn)分析單音反義實(shí)詞詞組的特點(diǎn)。 詞匯教學(xué)在漢語教學(xué)的地位舉足輕重,而它的一個(gè)重要組成部分——反義詞教學(xué),長(zhǎng)久以來并沒有受到足夠的重視,這也直接導(dǎo)致了留學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)漢語時(shí)遇到了不少的問題�？v觀目前的對(duì)外漢語教材,反義詞部分的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)或者簡(jiǎn)單粗糙或者沒有。鑒于此,本文將結(jié)合大綱中單音反義實(shí)詞的特點(diǎn),對(duì)當(dāng)前的反義詞教學(xué)與教材部分的編寫提出相關(guān)的策略與建議。教學(xué)策略主要從不同的學(xué)習(xí)階段和不同詞類這兩方面的具體教學(xué)方法展開；對(duì)教材編寫的建議則主要包括生詞的釋義、課文的選編以及練習(xí)的設(shè)計(jì)等幾個(gè)方面。
[Abstract]:Antonyms, as an important part of the Chinese lexical system, to a large extent affect the use and expression of language. The important role of antonyms and their own uniqueness have attracted many scholars to discuss and study. The researches on antonyms mainly focus on the conditions of antonym formation, the characteristics of antonym types and the imbalance between antonyms and antonyms. In the process of learning Chinese antonyms, foreign students often encounter various problems. Therefore, the teaching and learning of antonyms has become a difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Most of them focus on dicyllabic antonyms, antonyms and antithetical adjectives, as well as some antithetical phenomena in certain works. Very few people do special research on the antonyms in the outline of HSK Vocabulary. No one has made a comprehensive statistic and analysis of monosyllabic antisense notional words in the outline of HSK Vocabulary. In view of this, this paper, based on the relevant theories of Chinese Noumenon, will comprehensively count the monosyllabic antisense notional words in the outline of HSK Vocabulary. Then the author makes a related analysis of the monosyllabic and antonym phrases, and then puts forward his own teaching suggestions and writing suggestions in view of the problems existing in the teaching of antonyms in the current teaching materials of Chinese as a foreign language. In order to provide some help to foreign students in learning Chinese antonyms. The first part of the thesis combs the definition of antonym, the standard of word formation, the type of antonym and so on. The criteria and classification methods selected in this paper are determined. In this paper, we will use exhaustive statistical method to sort out the number of monosyllabic antonyms in the outline, and then classify them. From the point of view of part of speech, the characteristics of various antonyms are analyzed in detail. The statistical analysis of monosyllabic antonyms will be carried out from both macro and micro perspectives. Microscopically, the characteristics of monosyllabic antisense semantic phrases are analyzed. Vocabulary teaching plays an important role in the teaching of Chinese, and the teaching of antonyms, an important part of it, has not been paid enough attention to for a long time. This has directly led to a lot of problems for foreign students in learning Chinese. Looking at the current teaching materials for Chinese as a foreign language, the teaching design of the antonym section is either simple or crude or not. In view of this, This paper will combine the characteristics of monosyllabic antisense words in the outline, This paper puts forward some relevant strategies and suggestions for the current teaching of antonyms and the compilation of textbooks. The teaching strategies are mainly carried out from two aspects: different learning stages and different parts of speech. The suggestions for the compilation of textbooks include the interpretation of new words, the selection of texts and the design of exercises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H195

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