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漢語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義系統(tǒng)及其運(yùn)用研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-03-01 02:10

  本文關(guān)鍵詞: 成語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)義 運(yùn)用 邏輯形式 出處:《山西師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文 論文類(lèi)型:學(xué)位論文


【摘要】:成語(yǔ)是漢語(yǔ)發(fā)展長(zhǎng)河中的一朵奇葩,它深深植根于中華民族博大精深的文化沃土之中,音律和諧,形式簡(jiǎn)潔,寓意豐富,在漢語(yǔ)的歷史發(fā)展演變中生生不息,歷久彌新。成語(yǔ)的研究一直是語(yǔ)言學(xué)界的熱點(diǎn)話(huà)題,學(xué)者們從不同的角度,以不同的方式對(duì)這一特殊的語(yǔ)言單位進(jìn)行理論與實(shí)踐的探索。目前有關(guān)成語(yǔ)的研究有很多,研究角度和范圍也十分廣泛,但是,,大多數(shù)研究只是針對(duì)成語(yǔ)的某個(gè)方面,缺乏系統(tǒng)化的研究;能夠?qū)⒊烧Z(yǔ)的相關(guān)理論與實(shí)際用例相結(jié)合的研究也相對(duì)薄弱。此外,目前學(xué)界將邏輯學(xué)的理論引入成語(yǔ)研究方面的成果還不多見(jiàn)。 針對(duì)以上問(wèn)題,文章除引言和結(jié)語(yǔ)外,分三個(gè)部分對(duì)成語(yǔ)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)探討。論文第二章以《新華成語(yǔ)詞典》中的8382條成語(yǔ)為語(yǔ)料,按照不同的意義類(lèi)型對(duì)成語(yǔ)分類(lèi),并做數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),建立相對(duì)完整的成語(yǔ)語(yǔ)義系統(tǒng)。同時(shí),在以單義與多義、同義與反義等的對(duì)比方式進(jìn)行探討時(shí),結(jié)合了2009年至2013年高考語(yǔ)文試題的實(shí)例進(jìn)行分析,力圖做到有理、有例。論文第三章,探討成語(yǔ)運(yùn)用中出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)義問(wèn)題:第一小節(jié)舉例分析造成“異形成語(yǔ)”和“異讀成語(yǔ)”現(xiàn)象的語(yǔ)義問(wèn)題;第二小節(jié)對(duì)歷年高考試題中的成語(yǔ)誤用實(shí)例進(jìn)行分類(lèi)、歸納,并總結(jié)了幾種常見(jiàn)的成語(yǔ)誤用現(xiàn)象,在此基礎(chǔ)之上,著重結(jié)合第二章所建立的語(yǔ)義系統(tǒng),按照成語(yǔ)的不同意義類(lèi)型,辨析成語(yǔ)運(yùn)用中的語(yǔ)義問(wèn)題。論文第四章在根據(jù)成語(yǔ)內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)及其語(yǔ)義關(guān)系對(duì)成語(yǔ)進(jìn)行分類(lèi)的基礎(chǔ)之上引入邏輯學(xué)的相關(guān)理論,將成語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義與邏輯的思維形式相互關(guān)聯(lián),探究邏輯思維形式在成語(yǔ)中的體現(xiàn),以期對(duì)成語(yǔ)語(yǔ)義的理解和成語(yǔ)的正確運(yùn)用有所裨益。本文試圖通過(guò)對(duì)漢語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行較為全面、細(xì)致地梳理,通過(guò)對(duì)常見(jiàn)成語(yǔ)誤用現(xiàn)象的歸納總結(jié),為完善成語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義系統(tǒng)和規(guī)范成語(yǔ)的運(yùn)用起到一定的作用。
[Abstract]:Idiom is a wonderful flower in the development of Chinese language. It is deeply rooted in the rich and profound cultural fertile soil of the Chinese nation. The study of idioms has always been a hot topic in the field of linguistics. Scholars have explored this special language unit theoretically and practically from different angles and in different ways. At present, there are a lot of studies on idioms. However, most of the studies focus on only one aspect of idioms, lack of systematic research, and the research that can combine the theory of idioms with practical use cases is relatively weak. At present, there are few achievements in introducing logic theory into idiom research. In order to solve the above problems, the thesis divides three parts into three parts to discuss the idioms. In the second chapter, 8382 idioms in the Xinhua idiom Dictionary are taken as the corpus, and the idioms are classified according to different meaning types. At the same time, when discussing the comparative ways of mononymy and polysemy, synonymy and antonym, and combining with the examples of the college entrance examination questions from 2009 to 2013, this paper analyzes the semantic system of idioms. The third chapter discusses the semantic problems in the application of idioms: the first section gives examples to analyze the semantic problems of the phenomenon of "abnormal idioms" and "dyslexic idioms"; In the second section, the author classifies and summarizes the examples of the misuse of idioms in the college entrance examination questions over the years, and summarizes several common idiom misuse phenomena. On the basis of this, the semantic system established in the second chapter is emphatically combined. According to the different meaning types of idioms, this paper analyzes the semantic problems in idiom application. Chapter 4th introduces the theory of logic on the basis of classifying idioms according to their internal structure and semantic relations. The semantics of idioms and the form of logical thinking are related to each other, and the embodiment of the form of logical thinking in idioms is explored. In order to understand the semantics of idioms and use idioms correctly, this paper attempts to summarize the common idioms' misuse through a more comprehensive and detailed analysis of the semantic system of Chinese idioms. In order to improve the semantic system of idioms and standardize the use of idioms play a certain role.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:H136.3

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