本文關鍵詞： 左偏置構式 句法-語篇界面 語篇功能 話題化　出處：《上海外國語大學》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文以英漢語中的左偏置句式為研究對象,比較其在兩種語言中的句法形式和篇章功能的對應關系,認為句式與語體、文體關系密切,在語篇層面上,特定句式有著相應的語篇功能。語篇影響句式的構成,句式促進語篇的體現(xiàn)。不同的句式有著不同的語用價值,在篇章中起著不同的作用,篇章和句式相互制約。 本文首先對英漢語左偏置句式進行句法形式描述,然后分析此句式在英漢語中的篇章功能,在此基礎上進行對比研究。本文在喬姆斯基的轉換生成句法理論、韓禮德的系統(tǒng)功能語法理論、對比語言學理論以及語料庫語言學理論的基礎上,提出了新的英漢左偏置句式的分析框架,得出結論是：左偏置句式在英漢兩種語言中的句法—篇章界面規(guī)則既有基本對應的層面,也體現(xiàn)出差異性。其中,第一章簡要介紹左偏置構式,提出本論文的研究目標和方法;第二章梳理英漢左偏置構式的研究成果,并提出尚未解決的問題;第三章引出本文采用的理論分析框架,著重對左偏置構式的特點和句法—篇章理論進行闡釋,并提出左偏置構式具有句法—語篇特性;第四章利用書面語料分別對英語左偏置構式和漢語左偏置構式的句法特點進行探討,考察漢語左偏置構式句法多樣性的原因;第五章根據書面語料考察英漢左偏置構式的語篇功能共同點及其差異,并作出解釋。第六章歸納和總結本論文的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)與研究意義,并提出需進一步研究的問題。 本研究的創(chuàng)新之處在于：1.提出一種新的界定方法：將左偏置句型視為句法—語篇界面的一種構式;2.從句法—篇章層面研究左偏置句式,提出左偏置構式的前提詞為語際指示詞,其共指代詞與所在的句子構成一個完整的符合語法慣例的句子左偏置構式本身同時兼具語篇和句法的重要功能,解釋了左偏置構式的本質及其發(fā)生原因;3.以往學者認為,左偏置構式主要存在于口語之中,本論文試圖研究英漢書面語中左偏置構式的特點與差異,認為在小說、戲劇和政治類文獻中也存在左偏置句式,并利用自建小型語料庫進行分析;4.以往學界一般把中英文左偏置構式看作是相同的句型,從類型學角度將英漢語的左偏置句式進行對比研究,而本文用語料證明左偏置構式在英漢兩種語言中存在重要不同之處：漢語的左偏置構式在結構上更加靈活、多變,功能上也更加豐富。本論文對左偏置構式進行句法—語篇界面研究,為句法—篇章界面理論的構建提供了實證支持,該研究成果對于英語教學、人工和機器翻譯等亦具有一定的學術價值和現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the left-biased sentence pattern in English and Chinese as the research object, compares its syntactic form and textual function in the two languages, and holds that the sentence pattern is closely related to style and style, and it is at the discourse level. Specific sentence patterns have corresponding textual functions. Discourse influences the formation of sentence patterns, and sentence patterns promote the embodiment of discourse. Different sentence patterns have different pragmatic values and play different roles in the text. Text and sentence structure restrict each other. This paper first describes the syntactic form of the left bias sentence in English and Chinese, then analyzes its textual function in English and Chinese, and then makes a comparative study on it. This paper makes a contrastive study on the syntactic theory of Chomsky's transformation. On the basis of Halliday's systemic functional grammar theory, contrastive linguistics theory and corpus linguistics theory, a new frame of analysis of left bias sentences in English and Chinese is put forward. The conclusion is that the syntactic and textual interface rules of the left bias sentence in both English and Chinese have both the basic corresponding level and the difference. The first chapter briefly introduces the left bias construction. Put forward the research goal and method of this paper; The second chapter reviews the research results of left bias construction in English and Chinese, and puts forward the unsolved problems. The third chapter introduces the theoretical framework used in this paper, focusing on the characteristics of the left bias and the syntactic text theory, and proposes that the left bias has the syntactic and textual characteristics. Chapter 4th discusses the syntactic characteristics of the left bias construction in English and the Chinese left bias construction in order to investigate the reasons for the syntactic diversity of the Chinese left bias construction. Chapter 5th examines the common features and differences between English and Chinese left-biased constructions according to the written materials. Chapter 6th summarizes and summarizes the research findings and significance of this thesis. Some problems need further study are put forward. The innovation of this study lies in the following aspects: 1. A new definition method is proposed: the left-biased sentence pattern is regarded as a construction of the syntactic discourse interface; 2. The left bias sentence is studied from the syntactic to textual level, and the premise word of the left bias construction is the interlingual deixis. The syntactic pronoun and the sentence constitute a complete sentence left bias which conforms to the grammatical convention and has the important functions of both text and syntax, which explains the essence of the left bias construction and the reason for its occurrence. 3. Previous scholars believe that the left bias mainly exists in spoken language. This thesis attempts to study the characteristics and differences of the left bias in English and Chinese written language, and holds that it is in the novel. There are also left-biased sentence patterns in drama and political literature, which are analyzed by using self-built small corpus. 4. In the past, scholars generally regarded Chinese and English left bias constructions as the same sentence patterns, and made a contrastive study of the left bias sentences in English and Chinese from the perspective of typology. This paper proves that there are important differences between English and Chinese in the left bias construction: the Chinese left bias construction is more flexible and changeable in structure. In this thesis, the syntax-discourse interface of left bias constructions is studied, which provides empirical support for the construction of syntactic discourse interface theory, and the research results are useful for English teaching. Artificial and machine translation are also of academic value and practical significance.
【學位授予單位】：上海外國語大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146.3;H314.3

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