本文關鍵詞：漢英名詞數(shù)范疇表現(xiàn)形式對比研究　出處：《湖北師范學院》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 名詞 數(shù) 漢語 英語

【摘要】：數(shù)范疇是人類語言的基本范疇之一，名詞作為表人、事物、抽象概念等名稱，具有數(shù)的概念及范疇，不同的語言類型名詞表數(shù)形式不同，如英語名詞分為單復數(shù)，復數(shù)名詞通過單數(shù)名詞的屈折變化而來；而漢語除了“們”等少數(shù)復數(shù)形式標記外，名詞的數(shù)普遍借助量詞表達。除了“們”和量詞，漢語名詞的數(shù)還有多種表現(xiàn)形式，本文立足于現(xiàn)代漢英名詞數(shù)的表達形式，對比兩種語言名詞數(shù)范疇的異同，并對其差異進行原因分析，為漢英翻譯、二語習得和對外漢語教學提供參考。 本文主要內(nèi)容包括以下六個部分： 第一章，緒論。首先介紹選題的緣由，界定本文的研究對象、目的、目標等；其次介紹本文研究的方法和內(nèi)容。 第二章，漢英名詞數(shù)范疇研究回顧。首先對名詞的定義及分類進行闡明；其次對范疇和數(shù)范疇的定義進行介紹；再對英語名詞數(shù)范疇的研究進行回顧；并從有無數(shù)范疇說的角度對漢語名詞數(shù)范疇研究進行回顧；從漢英量詞對比角度和標記理論對比角度兩個方面回顧前人對漢英名詞數(shù)范疇對比研究的成果。 第三章，漢英名詞數(shù)范疇表現(xiàn)形式描述。分為兩大部分：英語名詞數(shù)范疇表現(xiàn)形式描述和漢語名詞數(shù)范疇表現(xiàn)形式描述，著重并盡可能全面地描述漢語名詞數(shù)范疇的表現(xiàn)形式。英語名詞分為可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞描述其數(shù)范疇；漢語從量詞、“們”、名詞復數(shù)專有的表現(xiàn)方式、以及借助形容詞、動詞、副詞表現(xiàn)名詞數(shù)等角度描述其數(shù)范疇，為對比奠定基礎。 第四章，漢英名詞數(shù)范疇表現(xiàn)形式對比分析。從英語名詞復數(shù)標記“s”與漢語名詞復數(shù)標記“們”的對比，漢英數(shù)量結(jié)構表達異同的對比，，漢英名詞數(shù)范疇整體性特征對比三大方面對漢英名詞數(shù)范疇進行對比，尤其分析二者的差異性。 第五章，漢英名詞數(shù)范疇表現(xiàn)形式差異原因分析。從漢英文字的差異，漢英語言類型差異，漢英民族思維差異三大部分分析漢英名詞數(shù)范疇差異的原因。 第六章、結(jié)語。首先對本文內(nèi)容進行概括并得出基本結(jié)論；其次指出本研究的創(chuàng)新之處和本研究的意義，最后指出本研究的不足之處及今后努力的方向。
[Abstract]:The number of categories is one of the basic categories of human language, as a noun, things, abstract concepts such as name, with the concept and the category number, type of language noun table number of different forms, such as the English noun is divided into plural, plural and singular nouns through inflectional change; and in addition to the "Chinese people" a plural marker, the number of nouns by means of universal quantifier expression. In addition to "men" and the number of Chinese Noun Classifiers, and various forms of expression based on the number of nouns in modern Chinese English, contrasting the differences between the two languages name words category, and the differences are analyzed, for Chinese English translation provide reference, two language acquisition and foreign language teaching.
The main contents of this paper include the following six parts:
The first chapter, introduction. First, it introduces the origin of the topic, defines the object of the study, the purpose, the goal and so on. Secondly, it introduces the methods and contents of this study.
The second chapter, the noun number category review. Firstly, the definition and classification of nouns are clarified; secondly the definition of category and category number are introduced; a further study of English noun number category were reviewed; and from a review of the study of Chinese noun number category numerous category theory from the two aspects of Chinese and English; quantifiers angle mark theory and comparative perspective review of achievements on comparative study of noun number category.
The third chapter describes the noun number category. Form is divided into two parts: the English noun number category form description and noun number category form description, and emphatically as this could take the form of a comprehensive description of Chinese noun number category. English nouns are divided into countable and uncountable nouns to describe the Chinese number category; from the quantifier, "men", plural proprietary forms, and with the help of adjective, verb, adverb noun number to describe the performance point number category, lay the foundation for the comparison.
The fourth chapter, the noun number category forms of comparative analysis. From the comparison of English plural mark "s" and Chinese plural markings "men", a number of structures to express the comparison of similarities and differences, in contrast to the overall characteristics of noun number category three to compare Chinese name words category, especially the analysis of the difference of two people.
The fifth chapter analyzes the reasons for the differences in the expressions between Chinese and English nouns. It analyzes the reasons for the difference between Chinese and English nouns in terms of the differences between Chinese and English, the differences between Chinese and English, and the differences between Chinese and English thinking. The three chapter is about the differences between Chinese and English nouns.
The sixth chapter is the conclusion. First, we summarize the contents of this paper and draw the basic conclusions. Secondly, we point out the innovation and significance of this research. Finally, we point out the shortcomings of this research and the direction of future efforts.

【學位授予單位】：湖北師范學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H314;H146

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