【摘要】： 本研究綜合運用歷史觀點和美學(xué)觀點有機統(tǒng)一的研究方法、符號學(xué)的研究方法，從符號特征和文化內(nèi)涵的角度切入研究，分析了226個以美國和日本為代表的經(jīng)典商業(yè)動畫形象。 通過考察中國動畫產(chǎn)業(yè)的困境現(xiàn)狀，本研究揭示了中國原創(chuàng)動畫在政策傾斜和巨大的市場需要面前，裹足不前的真正癥結(jié)；剖析了當(dāng)前動畫業(yè)界和理論界抱持的錯誤觀念。文章借鑒世界動畫產(chǎn)業(yè)尤其是美國和日本的成功經(jīng)驗和運作手法，明確指出中國動畫產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的瓶頸在于忽視動畫形象的創(chuàng)意、制作和開發(fā)，并由此發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個重要規(guī)律：其一，動漫產(chǎn)業(yè)的本質(zhì)是形象產(chǎn)業(yè)，動畫形象的號召力是直接決定動漫產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力的最關(guān)鍵因素之一。動畫形象之于商業(yè)動畫片，類似“商業(yè)電影中的電影明星”，尤如“商業(yè)廣告中的明星代言人”，是不可或缺的關(guān)鍵角色；其二，中國“萌產(chǎn)業(yè)”實體的核心競爭力是開發(fā)擁有版權(quán)歸屬的動畫形象的產(chǎn)業(yè)符號。 為了說明動畫形象之于商業(yè)動畫片和動畫產(chǎn)業(yè)的重要性，本研究遵循歷史研究的方法，用史學(xué)的方法科學(xué)地建構(gòu)世界商業(yè)動畫形象群像圖。本文從歷史的塵埃中挖掘出古文明時代有圖像記載的最早的原始動畫形象，從兩萬五千年前的石器時代人類試圖用筆(或石塊)捕捉凝結(jié)動作的濫觴到中國馬家窯文化時期原始的人物動畫形象再到埃及的法老時代神廟的“神”虛擬動畫形象，捕獲到原始動畫形象的現(xiàn)世和發(fā)展蹤跡。19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初，動畫技術(shù)基本成形，動畫形象得以擺脫原始形態(tài)步入現(xiàn)代行列。溯源現(xiàn)代動畫形象的誕生，考證動畫形象史上的諸多“第一”，其目的是試圖通過從原始動畫形象到現(xiàn)代動畫形象的源起特點和發(fā)展趨勢規(guī)律的尋蹤，拂開動畫形象技術(shù)創(chuàng)造和藝術(shù)裝飾的面紗，探查動畫形象的精神本質(zhì)和文化內(nèi)涵的真實面相。 本研究一方面廣泛清理國內(nèi)、國外動畫形象史學(xué)和動畫形象理論成果，從中探尋關(guān)涉動畫形象內(nèi)容介紹和文化分析的素材。另一方面，利用交叉分析得到大量收視數(shù)據(jù)，重點對北京、上海、廣州、成都、杭州、武漢、蘭州、西安、沈陽、長沙10個具有收視代表性的城市做了動畫片收視受眾的細(xì)分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)樣本研究，以此獲得的第一手動畫形象庫為基礎(chǔ)，通過長期的大量的資料搜集和樣本甄選工作，提取了美國和日本自本國商業(yè)動畫片誕生以來，在動畫片史上有深遠(yuǎn)影響的動畫形象、獲得世界重要獎項的動畫片中的動畫形象、高票房動畫片中的動畫形象和浙江大學(xué)數(shù)字娛樂研究中心于2005年在中國北京、上海、廣州、杭州和成都5個城市進行的受眾“最喜歡的動漫形象”的調(diào)查和2006年進行的第二次補充調(diào)查的資料為藍(lán)本，幾者結(jié)合，交叉分析，遴選出美國和日本商業(yè)動畫片中的經(jīng)典動畫形象的樣本。 世界商業(yè)動畫片市場長期由美國和日本占居絕對主導(dǎo)地位，美國和日本的動畫形象造成中國動畫消費市場直接的經(jīng)濟流失，更至關(guān)重要的是中國青少年深受美國和日本動畫形象的文化熏陶，形成與中國民族文化的競爭之勢。知已知彼才能揚長避短，本研究對動畫片誕生百年來的美國和日本商業(yè)動畫片中的經(jīng)典動畫形象進行了大型的全面的梳理和分析。意在通過對世界動畫產(chǎn)業(yè)最發(fā)達(dá)的美國和日本動畫形象的本質(zhì)特點和文化內(nèi)涵的深層分析，以期接通中國與世界動畫產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展前沿的路徑，力圖為中國動畫產(chǎn)業(yè)的良性循環(huán)提供一條新路，同時也為當(dāng)前動畫理論研究開一個生面。 針對樣本中的每個動畫形象，本研究以美學(xué)特征、時代特征和文化特征為基點結(jié)合分析，運用歷史觀點和美學(xué)觀點有機統(tǒng)一的研究方法，力圖剖析成功的商業(yè)動畫形象的內(nèi)涵。 本文認(rèn)為：動畫形象是典型的符號文本，動漫產(chǎn)業(yè)是符號生產(chǎn)。美國和日本將動畫形象符號既作為內(nèi)容也作為工具嫻熟地進行商業(yè)運作，是其動漫產(chǎn)業(yè)成功的秘訣。本研究在動畫形象的符號學(xué)分析中，提出了文化符號改寫的觀點，分析了商業(yè)動畫片中動畫形象的衍生產(chǎn)品的市場化運作是文化符號向產(chǎn)業(yè)符號的轉(zhuǎn)換。 鑒于美國迪斯尼商業(yè)動畫遮蔽式的耀眼光芒，本文將美國商業(yè)動畫形象史分為“前迪斯尼時代”、“迪斯尼時代”和“后迪斯尼時代”三個時期，挖掘清理出前迪斯尼時代漸漸沉沙在歷史的長河中的動畫形象，以文化尊重和美國動畫形象完整研究需要的虔誠態(tài)度將之記載于世界動畫形象史上。 在日本經(jīng)典商業(yè)動畫形象的研究中，，本文導(dǎo)入了“物哀”等日本傳統(tǒng)文化進行文化內(nèi)涵和符號建構(gòu)的對比分析，重點對手XZ治蟲和吉卜力的作品，尤其是宮崎駿創(chuàng)作的動畫形象進行了符號分析和社會反思。 全文共分六章。 第一章為導(dǎo)論，提出了動畫形象的研究命題，簡要論述了研究動畫形象的文化意義和經(jīng)濟意義，界定了商業(yè)動畫片、動畫形象、原始動畫形象的基本概念，闡述了研究對象、研究途徑和研究的方法。 第二章是國內(nèi)、國外相關(guān)研究的綜述。國內(nèi)研究綜述從動畫史研究、動畫形象品評、動畫教材中的動畫形象創(chuàng)作、建構(gòu)動畫形象研究的基礎(chǔ)理論及動畫辭典中的動畫形象檔案五個方面總結(jié)了近年來中國動畫形象研究的狀況和發(fā)展的趨勢；國外研究綜述從動畫文化的角度對世界動畫歷史和動畫基礎(chǔ)理論涉及動畫形象的研究狀況進行了概括，評述了亞太動畫研究中的東方動畫形象和世界動畫形象新語境研究中的動畫學(xué)術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)向，重點評價了迪斯尼動畫文化研究的文化價值。 第三章從動畫片的起源厘清了原始動畫形象和現(xiàn)代動畫形象的誕生和發(fā)展歷史，鑒定和明確了動畫形象史上的多個“第一”。 第四章和第五章是本研究的重點，分別從美國和日本動畫形象誕生始，對美國和日本商業(yè)動畫片中的經(jīng)典動畫形象進行了全面梳理，對樣本中的每一個動畫形象進行了文化內(nèi)涵和符號特征分析，結(jié)合歷史時代特征剖析了動畫形象的美學(xué)特點。介紹了旗幟式的動畫大師的生平，分析其創(chuàng)作動畫形象的時代社會政治背景、經(jīng)濟生活和思想文化思潮特點，以期通過這種綜合研究，增添其創(chuàng)作經(jīng)典動畫形象的背景文化認(rèn)知，揭示更深刻的內(nèi)涵。 第六章綜合分析了動畫形象的符號意義，例舉說明動畫形象是符號的生產(chǎn)和傳播，典型動畫形象正是典型的符號文本。動畫形象的文化價值是文化符號的寫作，動畫形象的產(chǎn)業(yè)價值是產(chǎn)業(yè)符號的建立，動畫形象是符號的存在。 最后的結(jié)語將全文幾個部分貫穿起來，歸納了受眾喜愛的動畫形象的四個共性特點，進一步總結(jié)了經(jīng)典商業(yè)動畫形象的一些普遍規(guī)律。 本研究基本厘清了世界動畫產(chǎn)業(yè)前沿的美國和日本的經(jīng)典商業(yè)動畫形象系列及其特征，分析了成功商業(yè)動畫形象的符號特點和文化內(nèi)涵，從一個特殊的角度探討了中國動畫產(chǎn)業(yè)不能健康發(fā)展的根本原因，達(dá)到了本研究預(yù)設(shè)的目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:In this study, the research method of the organic unity of historical and aesthetic views, the research method of semiotics, from the perspective of symbolic and cultural connotations, is made to analyze 226 classic commercial animation images represented by the United States and Japan.
Through the investigation of the current situation of the Chinese animation industry, this study reveals the real crux of the Chinese animation in the front of the policy tilt and the huge market needs, and analyzes the wrong ideas held by the current animation industry and the theorists. The article draws on the successful experience and operation of the world animation industry, especially in the United States and Japan. It is clearly pointed out that the bottleneck of the development of Chinese animation industry lies in neglecting the creativity, production and development of animation image, and thus found two important laws: first, the essence of the animation industry is the image industry, and the appeal of animation image is one of the most important factors that directly determine the competitiveness of the animation industry. Pictures, similar to "movie stars in commercial movies", especially "star spokesmen in commercial advertisements", are indispensable key roles. Secondly, the core competitiveness of the Chinese "sprout" entity is the industrial symbol of developing the animated image of copyright ownership.
In order to illustrate the importance of animation image to commercial animated cartoon and animation industry, this study constructs the image group image of world commercial animation with historical methods. This paper excavates the earliest original animated images recorded in ancient civilization from the dust of history, from twenty thousand to five thousand years ago. In the stone age, people tried to use pen (or stone) to capture the origin of the movement of condensation to the original character animation image of the Chinese Ma kiln culture period and then to the "God" virtual animation image of the temple of the Pharaoh times of Egypt. It captured the present and developing traces of the original animation image in the early twentieth Century of the.19 century, the animation technology was basically formed and animated. It is able to get out of the original form and enter the modern ranks. To trace the birth of the modern animation image and to examine many "first" in the history of the animation image, the purpose is to seek the trace of the origin and development trend of the modern animation image from the original animation image to the modern animation image, and explore the veil of the image technology creation and the art decoration. The spiritual essence of animated images and the true face of cultural connotations.
On the one hand, we thoroughly clean up the domestic and foreign animation image historical and animated image theory, and explore the material for the introduction and cultural analysis of the animated images. On the other hand, a large number of viewing data are obtained by cross analysis, with the emphasis on 10 implements in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Lanzhou, Xi'an, Shenyang and Changsha. On the basis of the first hand animation image library, the representative city has done the research on the subdivision data sample of the animated cartoon audience, and extracted the cartoon image which has far-reaching influence in the history of cartoon since the birth of the American and Japanese commercial cartoons. Animation images, cartoon images in high box office animations and the digital entertainment research center of Zhejiang University in 5 cities in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hangzhou and Chengdu in 2005, and second supplementary surveys conducted in 2006 A sample of classic animation images in commercial cartoons in the United States and Japan is selected based on several combinations and cross analysis.
The world commercial cartoon market is dominated by the United States and Japan for a long time. The animation image of the United States and Japan has caused the direct economic loss in the Chinese animation consumer market. The more important thing is that Chinese teenagers are deeply influenced by the animation image of the United States and Japan to form the competition with the Chinese national culture. This study has carried out a large and comprehensive analysis and analysis of the classic animation image of the American and Japanese commercial cartoons that have been born for a hundred years. The purpose is to connect China to the world through the deep analysis of the essential features and cultural connotations of the most developed American and Japanese animation images in the world animation industry. The frontier of animation industry is trying to provide a new way for the virtuous circle of China's animation industry, and it also opens up a new aspect for the current animation theory research.
In view of every animated image in the sample, this study combines aesthetic features, time characteristics and cultural features as the base point, and uses historical and aesthetic perspectives to analyze the connotation of successful commercial animation image.
The cartoon image is a typical symbol text, the animation industry is the symbol production. The United States and Japan take the animation image symbols as the content as well as the tools to carry out the business operation skillfully, which is the secret of the success of the animation industry. The commercialization of derivative products of commercial animation is the transformation of cultural symbols to industrial symbols.
In view of the dazzling light of American Disney's commercial animation, this article divides the history of American commercial animation into the three periods of "the former Disney era", "Disney era" and "post Disney era", to dig out the animated images of the former Disney era in the history of history, with cultural respect and American animation. The pious attitude of image integrity research is recorded in the history of world animation.
In the study of Japanese classic commercial animation image, this article introduces the comparative analysis of the cultural connotation and symbolic construction of Japanese traditional culture, such as "the mourning" and so on. The key rivals XZ and Ghibli, especially the animated images created by Hayao Miyazaki, have carried on the symbolic analysis and social reflection.
The full text is divided into six chapters.
The first chapter is the introduction, put forward the research proposition of animation image, briefly discuss the cultural significance and economic significance of the study of animation image, define the basic concepts of commercial animated cartoon, animation image, original animation image, and elaborate the research object, research approach and research method.
The second chapter is a summary of domestic and foreign related research. The domestic research review summarizes the status and development trend of Chinese animation image research in recent years from the history of animation, animation image evaluation, animation image creation in animated textbooks, the basic theory of constructing animation image research and the five aspects of animation image files in the animation dictionary. From the point of view of animation culture, a summary of the research status of the world animation history and the basic theory of animation involving animated images from the angle of animation culture is summarized, and the academic turn of animation in the research of the new context of the Oriental animation image and the world animation image in the study of the Asia Pacific animation is reviewed, and the culture of Disney animation is evaluated. Value.
The third chapter clarifies the birth and development history of the original animation image and the modern animation image from the origin of the animated cartoon, and identifies and clarifies many "first" in the history of the animation image.
The fourth and fifth chapters are the focus of this study. From the birth of the animated images of the United States and Japan, the classic animated images of the American and Japanese commercial animations are thoroughly combed, the cultural connotation and symbolic features of each animated image of the sample are analyzed, and the beauty of the animated images is analyzed in the light of the characteristics of the historical era. This paper introduces the life of the flag style animation master, analyzes the social and political background, the economic life and the ideological and cultural characteristics of his creative animation image, in order to add the background and cultural cognition to the creation of the classic animation image through this comprehensive study, and to reveal a more profound connotation.
The sixth chapter comprehensively analyzes the symbolic meaning of the animated image. The example shows that the animation image is the production and dissemination of the symbol. The typical animation image is the typical symbolic text. The cultural value of the animated image is the writing of the cultural symbol, the industrial value of the animation image is the establishment of the industrial symbol, and the animation image is the existence of the symbol.
The final conclusion runs through several parts of the full text, summarizes the four common features of the animated image of the audience, and further summarizes some general rules of the classic commercial animation image.
This study clarifies the series and features of the classic commercial animation image of the United States and Japan at the forefront of the world animation industry, analyzes the symbolic and cultural connotations of the successful commercial animation image, and probes into the root cause of the healthy development of the Chinese animation industry from a special point of view, and has reached the goal of this study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：J954

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 孫振濤;3D動畫電影研究：本體理論與文化[D];華東師范大學(xué);2011年

2 徐金龍;從資源到資本[D];華中師范大學(xué);2011年

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 魏秋華;論動畫電影的敘事倫理[D];江西師范大學(xué);2010年

2 張禮堅;漫畫符號和漫畫視框在動畫中的運用研究[D];湖南工業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

3 岳懷旺;動畫角色運動語言及其設(shè)計應(yīng)用[D];昆明理工大學(xué);2009年

4 孟妍;建筑動畫視覺語言研究[D];昆明理工大學(xué);2009年

5 王露;日本流行文化軟權(quán)力化的條件分析[D];中國政法大學(xué);2011年

6 鐘俏;解讀動畫大師宮崎駿[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2011年

7 劉德群;可愛文化對本土電視動畫創(chuàng)作的啟示性探究[D];西北師范大學(xué);2010年

8 付振興;論美國動畫的文化雜糅及跨文化傳播策略[D];華中師范大學(xué);2010年

9 劉瑤;動畫片對受眾卡通化心理行為影響研究[D];河北大學(xué);2010年

10 盧雅然;國產(chǎn)動畫角色造型設(shè)計研究[D];河南大學(xué);2012年

本文編號：2151219