發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-20 06:43

  本文選題：奶業(yè) + 結(jié)構(gòu)�。� 參考：《新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2010年博士論文

【摘要】： 奶業(yè)是一個(gè)由奶牛養(yǎng)殖戶、原料奶的收購(gòu)者、乳制品加工企業(yè)、乳品消費(fèi)者、政府和行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)等要素構(gòu)成的一個(gè)有機(jī)系統(tǒng),彼此之間存在著非常密切的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系,但作為獨(dú)立的經(jīng)營(yíng)主體又存在著一定的利益沖突。 本研究以產(chǎn)業(yè)組織理論、信息經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、新制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈等相關(guān)理論為基礎(chǔ),運(yùn)用產(chǎn)業(yè)組織分析方法(結(jié)構(gòu)——行為——績(jī)效的SCP分析范式)、計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、博弈論和問(wèn)卷調(diào)查方法等研究手段,圍繞原料奶生產(chǎn)、乳品制造和乳品消費(fèi)這三個(gè)主要環(huán)節(jié),對(duì)新疆奶業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了客觀描述,對(duì)原料奶生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)、乳品制造業(yè)市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)、乳品消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)及其各自的運(yùn)行績(jī)效進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)分析,對(duì)影響績(jī)效的主要因素進(jìn)行了分析評(píng)價(jià),對(duì)乳品制造業(yè)市場(chǎng)行為、乳制品消費(fèi)者行為,特別是乳品產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈縱向組織關(guān)系和各利益主體之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為進(jìn)行了深入研究,力求準(zhǔn)確揭示新疆奶業(yè)發(fā)展的內(nèi)在規(guī)律和發(fā)展趨勢(shì),提出規(guī)制各利益主體行為的有效途徑,探索促進(jìn)新疆奶業(yè)發(fā)展的相關(guān)建議,推動(dòng)新疆奶業(yè)的持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。本研究的主要結(jié)論如下: (1)新疆是我國(guó)主要的原料奶生產(chǎn)基地,具有奶牛養(yǎng)殖的比較成本優(yōu)勢(shì)。原料奶生產(chǎn)的主要模式是農(nóng)戶散養(yǎng),奶牛單產(chǎn)低于全國(guó)平均水平,而良種奶牛比例較低是影響奶牛單產(chǎn)水平最主要的因素;奶牛飼養(yǎng)在地理分布上的非均衡性導(dǎo)致了原料奶生產(chǎn)和乳品加工企業(yè)布局的區(qū)域不平衡性。 (2)新疆乳品制造業(yè)的產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度偏低,總體剛剛越過(guò)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)型的市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu),但在局部市場(chǎng)呈現(xiàn)一兩家企業(yè)為主導(dǎo)的寡占型市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)。隨著奶源、規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)等壁壘的存在,行業(yè)的進(jìn)入壁壘正在逐漸提高,新企業(yè)進(jìn)入將會(huì)越來(lái)越困難。 (3)市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)和產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)的共同作用,推動(dòng)新疆乳品制造業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)績(jī)的提高。市場(chǎng)集中度比銷(xiāo)售增長(zhǎng)率對(duì)績(jī)效的影響更大,但乳品制造業(yè)的盈利能力低于全部工業(yè)行業(yè)的平均水平;乳制品行業(yè)仍以外延型的擴(kuò)大企業(yè)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模為主,產(chǎn)品同質(zhì)化現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重;新疆乳制品企業(yè)的技術(shù)效率明顯低于全國(guó)水平。 (4)目前,新疆乳制品企業(yè)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力還不強(qiáng)。企業(yè)更多是將注意力放在消費(fèi)者品牌忠誠(chéng)的培育和市場(chǎng)份額的爭(zhēng)奪上;價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和廣告、并購(gòu)等非價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為加快了乳制品行業(yè)的優(yōu)勝劣汰,有利于形成以寡頭為主導(dǎo)、大中小企業(yè)共生的相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的新的產(chǎn)業(yè)組織結(jié)構(gòu)。 (5)新疆具有乳制品消費(fèi)的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣,但總體消費(fèi)水平還不高。城鄉(xiāng)之間、南北疆之間消費(fèi)還不平衡;消費(fèi)者選購(gòu)乳制品有明顯的消費(fèi)傾向,不同性別、年齡、民族、職業(yè)和文化程度的消費(fèi)者其乳制品消費(fèi)行為存在一定差異;收入水平和消費(fèi)習(xí)慣是影響乳制品消費(fèi)最主要和最直接的因素。 (6)新疆在奶業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展中主要出現(xiàn)了龍頭企業(yè)帶動(dòng)型、中介組織聯(lián)動(dòng)型、龍頭企業(yè)帶動(dòng)的準(zhǔn)合作社一體化型和完全一體化型等四種縱向組織關(guān)系模式。目前,分散飼養(yǎng)、分散擠奶、奶站集中收購(gòu)牛奶是新疆原料奶生產(chǎn)的主要方式,多數(shù)乳制品加工企業(yè)采用兩種以上的混合型奶源供應(yīng)模式,奶源供應(yīng)還不穩(wěn)定。 (7)合作社一體化是乳品產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈演進(jìn)發(fā)展的理想模式。從制度設(shè)計(jì)角度分析,建立“合作社參股的企業(yè)+奶農(nóng)合作社+農(nóng)戶”的縱向組織關(guān)系,逐步走向合作社一體化的縱向組織關(guān)系是最優(yōu)的乳品產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈縱向組織模式;從制度演化進(jìn)程來(lái)看,應(yīng)當(dāng)加快改造傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)戶散養(yǎng)模式,大力發(fā)展公司+規(guī)�；翀�(chǎng)模式,鼓勵(lì)并提倡發(fā)展合作社一體化和農(nóng)工商綜合體這一理想模式。
[Abstract]:Dairy industry is an organic system composed of dairy farmers, raw milk purchasers, dairy products processing enterprises, dairy consumers, government and industry associations. There is a very close economic relationship between each other, but there is a certain conflict of interest as an independent operating subject.
Based on the theories of industrial organization theory, information economics, new institutional economics and industrial chain, this paper uses industrial organization analysis method (structure behavior - Performance SCP analysis paradigm), econometrics, game theory and questionnaire survey methods, around raw milk production, dairy production and dairy consumption, three The main link is to make an objective description of the development status of Xinjiang milk industry. The production structure of raw milk, the market structure of dairy manufacturing industry, the consumption structure of dairy products and their respective operating performance are systematically analyzed. The main factors affecting the performance are analyzed and evaluated, the market behavior of dairy industry, the behavior of dairy products consumers, and the behavior of dairy products are specially analyzed. Not only the longitudinal organization relationship of dairy industry chain and the competitive behavior between the various interests of the main body has been studied in depth, so as to accurately reveal the inherent law and development trend of the development of Xinjiang milk industry, put forward the effective ways to regulate the behavior of various stakeholders, explore the relevant suggestions to promote the development of Xinjiang milk industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy hair of the dairy industry in Xinjiang. Show. The main conclusions of this study are as follows:
(1) Xinjiang is the main raw milk production base in China. It has the comparative cost advantage of dairy farming. The main mode of raw milk production is the farmers' dispersion, the single production of dairy cows is lower than the national average, and the low proportion of the good kind of cows is the most important factor affecting the single production level of the dairy cows; the unbalanced distribution of dairy cows in the geographical distribution leads to the disequilibrium of the dairy cows. Production of raw milk and dairy processing enterprises in the layout of the regional imbalance.
(2) the industrial concentration of Xinjiang dairy manufacturing industry is low, and the overall market structure has just crossed the competitive market structure, but in the local market, there is a two enterprise oriented oligopoly market structure. With the existence of milk source, scale economic effect and other barriers, the barriers to entry of the industry are increasing gradually, and the entry of new enterprises will become more and more difficult.
(3) the joint effect of market structure and property right structure promotes the improvement of the operating performance of Xinjiang dairy manufacturing industry. The market concentration has a greater impact on performance than the growth rate of sales, but the profitability of the dairy industry is lower than the average level of all industrial industries; the production scale of the dairy industry is still an extended enterprise, and the product is the same. The qualitative phenomenon is serious; the technical efficiency of dairy enterprises in Xinjiang is significantly lower than the national level.
(4) at present, the technological innovation ability of Xinjiang dairy enterprises is not strong. More attention is paid to the cultivation of consumer brand loyalty and the competition for market share; price competition and advertising, mergers and acquisitions and other non price competition behaviors have accelerated the survival of the dairy industry, which is conducive to the formation of oligarchy as the dominant and large and medium enterprises. The relative stability of the new industrial organization structure.
(5) Xinjiang has the traditional habits of dairy consumption, but the overall consumption level is not high. The consumption between the urban and rural areas is not balanced; the consumer purchase of dairy products has obvious tendency of consumption. There are certain differences in the consumer behavior of dairy products of different sex, age, ethnic, professional and cultural level; income level and consumption. Influence of dairy consumption habits are the most important and most direct factors.
(6) in the development of dairy industry in Xinjiang, there are four main types of longitudinal organizational relations, leading enterprise driving type, intermediary organization linkage, leading enterprise driven quasi cooperative integration and complete integration. At present, the main mode of Xinjiang raw milk production is the main mode of raw milk production in Xinjiang. Dairy processing enterprises with mixed milk supply mode of more than two, milk supply is not stable.
(7) the integration of cooperatives is an ideal model for the evolution and development of the dairy industry chain. From the perspective of institutional design, the vertical organizational relationship of "cooperatives participating in shares of enterprises + farmers cooperatives + farmers" is established, and the vertical organizational relationship of cooperative integration is the optimal vertical organization model of dairy industry chain; from the process of institutional evolution In view of this, we should accelerate the transformation of the traditional pattern of farmers' scattered breeding, vigorously develop the model of the company + large-scale pasture, and encourage and encourage the development of the ideal model of the integration of cooperatives and the agricultural and commercial complex.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：F326.3;F426.82;F224

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 何玉成;中國(guó)乳品產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展研究[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2003年

2 趙劍峰;中國(guó)奶業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)—行為—績(jī)效研究[D];中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2004年

3 員曉哲;中國(guó)乳業(yè)戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2004年

4 曹f，

本文編號(hào)：2043352