發(fā)布時間：2018-03-24 19:39

  本文選題：柔性復(fù)合材料　切入點：剝離強(qiáng)度　出處：《東華大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 以機(jī)織物為增強(qiáng)體的柔性復(fù)合材料具有較高的強(qiáng)度、模量及尺寸穩(wěn)定性,在近幾年里有了廣闊的發(fā)展空間和應(yīng)用前景,不僅廣泛應(yīng)用于汽車蓬蓋,廣告燈箱布,充氣筏等領(lǐng)域,而且開始應(yīng)用于環(huán)保的科技產(chǎn)品。 在實際使用過程中,我國柔性復(fù)合材料普遍存在界面剝離強(qiáng)度差的現(xiàn)象,尤其是層壓和壓延類產(chǎn)品,隨著使用時間的推移經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)界面粘合不佳,甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)增強(qiáng)基布與基體相分離的情況,致使產(chǎn)品力學(xué)性能降低,易吸濕,嚴(yán)重影響了其使用壽命,也制約了我國柔性復(fù)合材料在國際舞臺的發(fā)展。因此,如何提高柔性復(fù)合材料界面的粘接強(qiáng)度即抗剝離性能,是值得關(guān)注和思考的一個緊迫問題。 本課題以滌綸平紋機(jī)織布為增強(qiáng)體,利用熱熔層壓將其與聚氯乙烯(PVC)薄膜復(fù)合,借鑒現(xiàn)有的界面粘合理論,根據(jù)影響界面粘接強(qiáng)度的三要素:潤濕性、反應(yīng)性、界面殘余內(nèi)應(yīng)力,來研究如何提高滌綸增強(qiáng)基布與聚氯乙烯薄膜之間的界面粘接強(qiáng)度即抗剝離性能,最后本課題還研究了濕熱老化對界面粘接性能的影響。 首先,針對滌綸增強(qiáng)基布表面的弱界面層和浸潤性,研究不同前處理方法對柔性復(fù)合材料界面粘接性能的影響。研究表明:由于表面油劑雜質(zhì)的去除,及表面粗糙程度增加,前處理不但提高了柔性復(fù)合材料界面剝離強(qiáng)度,而且提高了其拉伸強(qiáng)度,但劣化了其撕裂性能。 對于以機(jī)織物為增強(qiáng)體的柔性復(fù)合材料,底涂工藝粘合劑的使用必不可少。結(jié)合數(shù)學(xué)方法,對底涂工藝中增粘助劑做了較為詳盡的實驗分析,并對底涂工藝進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計。研究表明:增粘助劑用量、底涂層的烘培溫度、烘培時間對界面剝離強(qiáng)度都有不同程度的影響,影響程度從大到小為:增粘助劑用量＞烘培時間＞烘培溫度。通過正交試驗法,得到最佳組合方案為:增粘助劑用量2.0%,烘培時間40s,烘培溫度140℃。 從減小界面殘余內(nèi)應(yīng)力為出發(fā)點,在底涂工藝中加入改性碳酸鈣來降低膨脹系數(shù)。利用硬脂酸對碳酸鈣進(jìn)行超聲波改性,通過吸油值,沉降指數(shù),活化指數(shù),接觸角來考察改性效果,最終確定硬脂酸改性的最佳用量為2.0%。改性碳酸鈣不但能夠增強(qiáng)其界面剝離強(qiáng)度,而且具有“增韌補(bǔ)強(qiáng)”的效果。 最后研究了不同的介質(zhì)溶液及熱空氣老化對柔性復(fù)合材料界面粘接性能的影響。研究表明:高溫能夠加速柔性復(fù)合材料在不同介質(zhì)中的老化,并且介質(zhì)的種類和屬性也能影響其界面的粘接強(qiáng)度。不同溫度的熱空氣老化對界面粘接效果也有不同程度的影響。 本文所做的工作及得到的一些結(jié)論有助于柔性復(fù)合材料界面性能的研究,并對實際生產(chǎn)具有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:Flexible composites with woven fabrics as reinforcements have high strength, modulus and dimensional stability, and have a wide development space and application prospects in recent years. They are not only widely used in automobile canopy, advertising lamp-box cloth, inflatable raft and other fields. And began to apply to environmental protection technology products. In the process of practical use, the phenomenon of poor interfacial peeling strength is common in flexible composites in China, especially for laminated and calendered products. With the development of service time, the interface adhesion is often poor. There will even be the separation of the reinforced substrates from the matrix, which will result in the decrease of the mechanical properties of the products, the easy moisture absorption, the serious influence on their service life, and the restriction of the development of the flexible composites in China on the international stage. It is an urgent problem that how to improve the adhesion strength of the interface of flexible composites, that is, the anti-peeling property. In this paper, polyester plain looms are used as reinforcements, which are combined with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) PVC films by hot melt lamination, and the three factors that affect the interfacial bonding strength: wettability and reactivity are used for reference. The interfacial residual stress was used to study how to improve the interfacial adhesion strength between polyester reinforced fabric and PVC film. Finally, the effect of wet-heat aging on the interfacial adhesion property was also studied. Firstly, in view of the weak interfacial layer and wettability on the surface of polyester reinforced substrate, the effect of different pretreatment methods on the interface adhesion properties of flexible composites is studied. The results show that due to the removal of surface oil impurities and the increase of surface roughness, The pretreatment not only improves the interface peeling strength, but also improves the tensile strength of the flexible composite, but it degrades its tear strength. For flexible composites with woven fabric as reinforcements, the use of adhesive in bottom coating process is essential. In combination with mathematical method, a detailed experimental analysis is made on the tackifying agent in the bottom coating process. The optimum design of the bottom coating process was carried out. The results showed that the amount of tackifying agent, the baking temperature and the drying time of the bottom coating had different effects on the peeling strength of the interface. The influence degree from big to small is as follows: dosage of tackifying agent > baking time > drying temperature. By orthogonal test, the optimum combination scheme is: dosage of viscosity promoter 2.0, baking time 40 s, baking temperature 140 鈩，

本文編號：1659741