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  本文選題：房地產(chǎn)項目　切入點(diǎn)：全過程　出處：《中國海洋大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前，房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)在國家宏觀調(diào)控下陷于低迷。對于房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商而言，在追求項目質(zhì)量和價格的同時，不斷降低成本，實現(xiàn)利潤最大化才是開發(fā)商的最終目的。因此開發(fā)商要取得良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，就必須不斷加強(qiáng)項目的成本控制，降低項目開發(fā)成本，這也是開發(fā)商項目開發(fā)的一個重要環(huán)節(jié)，，貫穿于項目開發(fā)的全過程。這就要求開發(fā)商切實提高成本控制水平，加強(qiáng)項目成本控制。 本文以青州市華盛園小區(qū)項目為研究對象，在總結(jié)研究成本控制概念及相關(guān)理論的基礎(chǔ)上，對房地產(chǎn)項目成本構(gòu)成要素進(jìn)行了分析，對成本控制的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行了闡述。房地產(chǎn)項目的全過程成本控制主要包括土地競買、投資決策、規(guī)劃設(shè)計、建設(shè)施工和項目營銷等階段。在土地競買階段，采用了科學(xué)的競價方法對土地價格進(jìn)行了估算，保證以合理價格獲得土地；在投資決策階段，對項目進(jìn)行了可行性研究以及詳細(xì)的投資估算；在規(guī)劃設(shè)計階段，應(yīng)用限額設(shè)計對項目成本進(jìn)行了估算；在建設(shè)施工階段，重點(diǎn)在設(shè)計變更和工程量簽證方面進(jìn)行了成本控制，對工程款支付進(jìn)行了控制，對索賠和反索賠進(jìn)行了處理；在營銷階段，對廣告支出費(fèi)用和營銷策劃費(fèi)用進(jìn)行了估算和控制。 論文通過在華盛園項目中應(yīng)用全過程成本控制，對該項目各個階段的成本控制進(jìn)行了研究分析，把影響工程項目成本控制的幾個主要因素作為重點(diǎn)研究對象，使項目部對項目全生命周期中各個階段在項目管理過程中的成本進(jìn)行分析與控制方面所應(yīng)當(dāng)做的工作，希望通過對華盛園小區(qū)項目成本的管理，能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)項目實施過程中出現(xiàn)的偏差，并及時采取措施，嚴(yán)防成本超預(yù)期的現(xiàn)象發(fā)生，從而為項目的成本控制提供依據(jù)，也為類似房地產(chǎn)項目的成本控制提供一定的參考。
[Abstract]:At present, the real estate industry is in a downturn under the state's macro-control. For real estate developers, while pursuing project quality and price, they are constantly reducing costs. To maximize profits is the ultimate goal of developers. Therefore, in order to achieve good economic benefits, developers must constantly strengthen project cost control and reduce project development costs, which is also an important part of developers' project development. This requires developers to improve the level of cost control and strengthen the cost control of the project. Based on the research on the concept of cost control and related theories, this paper analyzes the elements of the cost of real estate projects, taking the project of Washington Garden in Qingzhou City as the object of study, and on the basis of summing up the concept of cost control and related theories. This paper expounds the key links of cost control. The whole process cost control of real estate project mainly includes the stages of land bidding, investment decision, planning and design, construction and project marketing, etc. The scientific bidding method is used to estimate the land price to ensure that the land can be obtained at a reasonable price. In the stage of investment decision, the feasibility study and detailed investment estimate of the project are carried out, and in the stage of planning and design, The cost of the project is estimated by the quota design, the cost control is carried out in the aspects of design change and quantity visa in the construction stage, the payment of the project money is controlled, and the claims and counterclaims are dealt with. In the marketing stage, the cost of advertising and marketing planning are estimated and controlled. Through the application of the whole process cost control in Washington Park project, the paper studies and analyzes the cost control in each stage of the project, and takes several main factors that affect the cost control of the project as the key research object. The project department should analyze and control the cost of the project management in every stage of the project life cycle, hoping to manage the project cost in Huashengyuan district. It can find the deviation in the process of project implementation, and take measures in time to strictly prevent the phenomenon of cost exceeding expected, so as to provide the basis for the cost control of the project, and also provide a certain reference for the cost control of similar real estate projects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F285;F293.33

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