發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-08 19:46

  本文選題：煙霧動(dòng)畫　切入點(diǎn)：控制算法　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：煙霧控制一直是流體仿真領(lǐng)域的重要分支之一�？煽氐臒熿F動(dòng)畫在影視特效和廣告中的應(yīng)用也越來越廣泛。這種利用計(jì)算機(jī)仿真技術(shù)來制作動(dòng)畫特效的方式不僅解開了現(xiàn)實(shí)對(duì)藝術(shù)家或?qū)а莸氖`,讓他們能夠發(fā)揮天馬行空的想象力,而且也為影視等娛樂產(chǎn)業(yè)節(jié)省了大量的拍攝成本,同時(shí)還能減少或者避免讓演員暴露在某些危險(xiǎn)場(chǎng)景中的可能性。因?yàn)檫@些重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值,煙霧控制也吸引了大量研究者的關(guān)注和投入。通過詳細(xì)地分析國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀,本文對(duì)煙霧控制的幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵問題進(jìn)行了深入的探討,并提供了系統(tǒng)的解決方案。具體來講,本文的貢獻(xiàn)包括以下幾個(gè)方面：·煙霧控制既包含路徑控制又包含形狀控制,為了能給動(dòng)畫師帶來更多的便利,我們提出了一種統(tǒng)一的控制框架。該算法在同樣的計(jì)算框架下既能實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑控制,又能實(shí)現(xiàn)形狀控制,還能實(shí)現(xiàn)兩者結(jié)合的混合控制。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這種統(tǒng)一的控制方式,我們把表示目標(biāo)路徑的空間曲線和表示目標(biāo)形狀的幾何模型轉(zhuǎn)化為對(duì)應(yīng)的有向距離場(chǎng),并基于這種有向距離場(chǎng)設(shè)計(jì)了三種控制力：路徑控制力、邊界控制力、以及基于中軸點(diǎn)云的形狀控制力。路徑控制力能讓煙霧沿著目標(biāo)的路徑運(yùn)動(dòng)。邊界控制力能將煙霧限制在指定的區(qū)域內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)。形狀控制力則能驅(qū)使煙霧形成各種各樣的目標(biāo)形狀。同時(shí),為了提高形狀控制的精度,我們還提出了一種自適應(yīng)的散度調(diào)整策略,能夠去除仿真中多余的煙霧,從而使得結(jié)果形狀上的細(xì)節(jié)特征更加清晰。另外,我們還設(shè)計(jì)了一種混合渦旋粒子,能夠根據(jù)所處的空間位置自適應(yīng)地增強(qiáng)煙霧的湍流細(xì)節(jié)。實(shí)驗(yàn)也證明了我們的算法要優(yōu)于有的形狀控制算法和路徑控制算法,以及通過簡(jiǎn)單修改將兩者結(jié)合起來的混合算法�！ぴ谥谱骺煽氐臒熿F動(dòng)畫時(shí),常常需要反復(fù)調(diào)試各種參數(shù),以得到滿意的效果。因此,一個(gè)快速有效的計(jì)算框架會(huì)給動(dòng)畫師帶來很大的便利,節(jié)省動(dòng)畫設(shè)計(jì)的時(shí)間。為此,我們提出了一種新穎的、針對(duì)可控?zé)熿F動(dòng)畫的計(jì)算框架。在該框架下,我們采用基于離散正弦變換(DST)的泊松方程求解算法取代傳統(tǒng)的PCG求解,并改進(jìn)了現(xiàn)有的渦旋粒子算法,使其在增強(qiáng)湍流細(xì)節(jié)的同時(shí),還能完成流體方程中對(duì)流項(xiàng)的求解。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,我們的算法框架能得到與傳統(tǒng)框架十分相似的結(jié)果,同時(shí)將計(jì)算速度提高了20倍以上�！め槍�(duì)形狀和路徑可控?zé)熿F動(dòng)畫提出了一種過程式的湍流細(xì)節(jié)合成算法。為了在增強(qiáng)湍流細(xì)節(jié)的同時(shí),避免對(duì)煙霧的控制效果造成不利的影響,我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一種新穎的、隨時(shí)間和空間變化的合成參數(shù)。該合成參數(shù)由渦旋速度和控制力共同計(jì)算得到,可以有效地控制過程式生成的湍流行為。使用合成參數(shù)后,仿真結(jié)果在得到豐富的湍流細(xì)節(jié)的同時(shí),能很好的保持控制效果不受到大尺度的噪聲帶來的不利影響。通過和其它經(jīng)典的過程式合成算法的比較,證明了該算法的有效性和可控性。
[Abstract]:Smoke control is one of the most important branch of fluid simulation field. The application of controllable smoke animation special effects in film and advertising is more and more widely. This kind of using computer simulation technology to make the animation way not only solved the reality of an artist or a director, so that they can play a powerful and unconstrained style imagination, but also saves the shooting a lot of the cost of the film and entertainment industry, but also can reduce or avoid the possibility of exposure actors in some dangerous scenes. Because of the important application value, smoke control has also attracted a lot of attention of researchers and investment. Through a detailed analysis of the status quo at home and abroad, this thesis deeply discusses several key the problem of smoke control, and provides the solution of the system. Specifically, the contribution of this paper is as follows: smoke control For both path control consists of shape control, in order to bring more convenience to the animators, we propose a unified control framework. This algorithm in the computational framework under the same path can achieve control, but also can realize shape control, hybrid control can realize the combination of the two. In order to realize the unified control mode we have said, the space curve and the geometric model of the target path that the shape of the object is transformed into the corresponding to the distance field, and based on the design of three kinds of control force to the distance field: path control, boundary control, and the axis of the shape of point cloud based on control path motion path control can. Let the smoke along the target. The boundary control can limit the movement of smoke in the designated area. The target shape control force can drive the smog of all kinds. At the same time, in order to improve the shape The shape control precision, we also propose an adaptive divergence adjustment strategy, can remove excess smoke simulation, which makes the results more clear on the details of the feature shape. In addition, we also design a hybrid vortex particle, according to the space position of the located adaptive enhanced turbulence. The details of the smoke we also prove the algorithm to algorithm and path control algorithm to control the shape is better than some, as well as through simple modification of hybrid algorithm combining the two. In the production of controlled smoke animation, often need to debug various parameters to get satisfactory results. Therefore, a fast and effective calculation framework will bring great convenience to the animators, save the animation design time. Therefore, we propose a novel computational framework, aiming at the smoke animation. In this framework, we use the Based on the discrete sine transform (DST) algorithm for solving the Poisson equation to replace the traditional PCG solver, and improved the existing vortex particle algorithm, the enhanced turbulence details at the same time, can solve the convection fluid equations. Experimental results show that the algorithm can get our framework is very similar with the traditional framework of the results, at the same time the calculation speed is increased by more than 20 times. The smoke controllable shape and a turbulent path animation details an algorithm for synthesizing process. In order to enhance the turbulent details at the same time, to avoid the smoke control effect to cause adverse effects, we design a novel synthesis parameters, with the change of time and space the synthesis parameters by the scroll speed and the control force is calculated, the turbulence behavior can effectively control the process of production. The use of synthetic parameters, the simulation results obtained in rich turbulence The flow details can also keep the control effect well without the adverse effects of large scale noise. Compared with other classic process synthesis algorithms, the effectiveness and controllability of the algorithm are proved.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.41;TP391.9

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