中文摘要

從能源戰(zhàn)略的未來趨勢來看，中國發(fā)展太陽能光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)具有非常廣闊的前景，有利于實現(xiàn)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)，優(yōu)化能源結(jié)構(gòu)，適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和升級的需要，開拓新能源。隨著光伏上網(wǎng)電價逐步落實和國家五年規(guī)劃的頒布及實施，光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的規(guī)模在逐步擴(kuò)大，并且實現(xiàn)了國際范圍內(nèi)的競爭優(yōu)勢。

光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)過將近20年的快速發(fā)展，已經(jīng)步入穩(wěn)定增長的階段。國內(nèi)光伏產(chǎn)品主要用于出口目的，國外需求比國內(nèi)需求更加旺盛，但由于歐洲國家經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的放緩，歐債危機(jī)的影響始終難以消除，各個國家開始強(qiáng)化自身對光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的保護(hù)，調(diào)整光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)和貿(mào)易的有關(guān)政策，使國內(nèi)的光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)面臨著較為嚴(yán)峻的外部環(huán)境，國內(nèi)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)需要在內(nèi)外部復(fù)雜的環(huán)境中實現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)型、升級。而近年來中國光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展是與國家的產(chǎn)業(yè)扶持和法律支撐密不可分的，國內(nèi)的光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)在面臨轉(zhuǎn)型時，，也會面臨新的問題。這些新的問題解決，既需要企業(yè)的主動有為，也需要國家在法律環(huán)境和稅收等方面給予必要的支撐。
論文對于光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行了深入的分析，包括中國光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，各國光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)政策之間的對比，產(chǎn)業(yè)政策與企業(yè)表現(xiàn)等因素之間的實證分析等，通過系統(tǒng)性的分析，論文得出了如下結(jié)論： 
首先，各國之間發(fā)展光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)需要考慮本國的實際情況和產(chǎn)業(yè)的具體發(fā)展階段。德國使用上網(wǎng)電價法的辦法，用高價收購光伏的發(fā)電，能夠很好地刺激光伏產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)廠家和投資者，帶動整個產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。而日本則基于資源貧乏，需要擴(kuò)充能源來源，針對新能源產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，制定了優(yōu)惠的政策，使用包括補(bǔ)貼和上網(wǎng)電價、研發(fā)扶持等方面的政策，使日本年國內(nèi)的光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)能夠穩(wěn)健發(fā)展，持續(xù)增長。美國對于光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的扶持政策主要體現(xiàn)在對光伏產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)廠家采取菜款優(yōu)惠和稅收減免等措施上，使用發(fā)達(dá)的金融市場，為光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展提供融資保障。
其次，中國的光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)政策需要實現(xiàn)根本性的轉(zhuǎn)變，即從以前的對光伏產(chǎn)品的直接生產(chǎn)廠商的補(bǔ)貼，轉(zhuǎn)化成對光伏終端的補(bǔ)貼，能夠提升補(bǔ)貼效果，也有利于在國際競爭中取得有利的地位，通過學(xué)習(xí)國外的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗，能夠為我所有，實現(xiàn)國內(nèi)相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。在具體扶持政策方面，則可以使用終端補(bǔ)貼、研發(fā)扶持、稅收減免和上網(wǎng)電價法等相結(jié)合，突出政策的組合優(yōu)勢。
最后，論文經(jīng)過實證分析指出，在政府公布支持光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的有關(guān)政策后，光伏板塊的有關(guān)企業(yè)股票價格出現(xiàn)大幅的上漲，這些研究可以看出，國家層面的政策支持能夠帶動投資者對于光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的正面預(yù)期，并且能夠獲得很好的未來收益，這會支持投資者對光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的投資行為。 
關(guān)鍵詞：光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)，產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，實證分析

Abstract
From the view of future development strategy, the development of solar photovoltaic industry is the only way to ensure the development of low carbon economy, energy supply, economic restructuring, and to open up new energy markets. In 2011, with the implementation of the national photovoltaic network tariff and the promulgation of the new plan, the scale of the photovoltaic power industry has increased gradually and the degree of internationalization has even more enhanced.
China's photovoltaic industry has developed for nearly 20 years. In 2001 China PV industry officially entered into the rapid development period. From 2006 to 2007, it entered into the explosive growth stage. In 2008 because of the financial crisis, its development fell into the trough. From 2009 to 2012, the yields soared again. In 2010 China's photovoltaic cell production reached 10500MW, accounting for over 50% of the world production. However most of the photovoltaic cells in China export. The domestic photovoltaic application industry began to develop in 2005. The installed capacity of the domestic photovoltaic power equipment by 2010 was less than 2000MW. The demand for domestic solar cells and modules did not match with its output, which resulted in that the domestic components and battery manufacturers relied mainly on foreign markets, such as Europe and America. In 2012 considering the protect for the photovoltaic industry and the influence of the debt crisis, European countries has adjusted their own photovoltaic solar trade policies, and slowed down the pace of development of photovoltaic industry. Therefor the domestic photovoltaic manufacturing entered into the trough again. After the baptism, the domestic photovoltaic industry began the transition. 
The rapid development of Chinese PV industry in recent years is inseparable from the support of national policy and the guidance of the law. Industrial transformation will face "transition pains", which means that the original problems of the industry do not solve and transition will bring new problems. Compared to Germany, Japan and other developed countries, the institutional development of the relevant laws is relatively late, and do not find answers to solve some problems of China's photovoltaic power industry. Therefore, to improve the promotion of photovoltaic power industry’s legal system can effectively solve this dilemma. 
As a part of strategic emerging industry in China, the photovoltaic industry has been in rapid development in recent years. And the huge demands for the international market based on policy incentives as well as the national support policies are the main reasons for rapid development of Chinese PV industry. Undoubtedly, given the current high costs of solar power, policies are the fundamental power for the development of the photovoltaic industry. In this paper, the author conducts the discussion based on the two issues, namely the healthy development of photovoltaic industry needs what kind of support policies and how are the effects of support policies and get the following conclusions:
First, countries should develop their own PV industry, and combined with their specific situations, they consider the development stages of the photovoltaic industry. In the world, Germany put forward the feed-in tariff method. Through the way of forced buying in high prices, it can stimulate investors’ demand for photovoltaic systems and lead to the rapid development of photovoltaic industry. Due to energy shortages, Japan makes the layout of the new energy industry early. By the way of subsidies, tariff and research support, Japan’s PV industry has been in rapid and steady development. The US PV supporting policies focus on the subsidized loans, tax incentives and other financing mechanisms, taking advantage of their well-developed financial market conditions.
Second, China’s PV support policies should be made from subsidies on the initial manufacturers of photovoltaic industry to subsidies on photovoltaic system terminal while learning the advanced and proven industrial policies around the world. It has combined the tariff act, terminal subsidies, research and development support, tax incentives and educational campaigns to form a comprehensive support policy system.
Third, through rigorous empirical, the author finds that after the government released the selected PV industry support policies, the stock prices (mainly stocks) in photovoltaic sectors rise significantly, suggesting that investors are very optimistic about the future of the photovoltaic industry. Making investment decisions in PV industry now can get benefits in the future while the long-term impacts of policies on industry will affect the investment decisions. 
Keyword: Photovoltaic industry,industrial policy, the empirical analysis

Table of Contents

中文摘要 1
Abstract 2
Chapter 1 Introduction 6
1.1 Research Background 6
1.2 Significance of Research 8
Chapter 2 Literature Review 10
2.1 Definition of Photovoltaic industry 10
2.2 Legal System and Policy in China’s PV power industry 13
2.2.1 Current Legislation 13
2.2.2 Overview of the principal legal promoting systems 14
2.3 Development of China’s PV industry 17
2.3.1 The Initial Stage(2000-2004) and function of Government 17
2.3.2 New Development stage(2005 - 2010) and function of government 20
2.3.3 Recession stage (since 2011)and the function of government 26
Chapter 3 Comparison of photovoltaic policies in different countries 29
3.1 Germany 29
3.1.1 German tariff system 29
3.1.2 “Hundreds of thousands Roofs Plan” 31
3.2 Japan 32
3.2.1 PV system’s installation and subsidy system 33
3.2.2 PV tax system 34
3.2.3 Low-interest financing system 35
3.3 The United States 35
3.4 Summary of Comparison among different countries 38
Chapter 4 Empirical Analysis 39
4.1 Analysis of Two events 39
4.2 events analysis method and its application in this dissertation 39
4.3 estimate parameters and calculation 39
4.4 Indexes calucation of NR and AR 40
4.5 Emphical process 41
4.6 Result of Emphical Analysis 41
4.6.1 The analysis of Event One 41
4.6.2 The analysis of Event Two 44
Chapter 5 Suggestions and Recommendations 46
5.1 Perfect recommendations of target total system 46
5.2 Suggestions for mandatory access system 46
5.3 Improvement recommendations of tariff price system 48
5.4 Improvement recommendations of fiscal and financial promotion system 48
Chapter 6 Conclusions 50
References 52

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Research Background

With the support of traditional energy, our society has developed rapidly. However pollution and scarcity of traditional energy has been paid much attention around the world. The world has now realized that global development can no longer make coal, oil and other traditional fossil fuels as a main support. And such kind of development model, which consumes non renewable energy, will push us to the destruction of humanity and planet sooner or later. As a huge potential for development, solar photovoltaic industry has received much attention and the growth rate of the global PV industry is very alarming.
hapter 6 Conclusions
As a part of strategic emerging industry in China, the photovoltaic industry has been in rapid development in recent years. And the huge demands for the international market based on policy incentives as well as the national support policies are the main reasons for rapid development of Chinese PV industry. Undoubtedly, given the current high costs of solar power, policies are the fundamental power for the development of the photovoltaic industry. In this paper, the author conducts the discussion based on the two issues, namely the healthy development of photovoltaic industry needs what kind of support policies and how are the effects of support policies and get the following conclusions:
First, countries should develop their own PV industry, and combined with their specific situations, they consider the development stages of the photovoltaic industry. In the world, Germany put forward the feed-in tariff method. Through the way of forced buying in high prices, it can stimulate investors’ demand for photovoltaic systems and lead to the rapid development of photovoltaic industry. Due to energy shortages, Japan makes the layout of the new energy industry early. By the way of subsidies, tariff and research support, Japan’s PV industry has been in rapid and steady development. The US PV supporting policies focus on the subsidized loans, tax incentives and other financing mechanisms, taking advantage of their well-developed financial market conditions.
Second, China’s PV support policies should be made from subsidies on the initial manufacturers of photovoltaic industry to subsidies on photovoltaic system terminal while learning the advanced and proven industrial policies around the world. It has combined the tariff act, terminal subsidies, research and development support, tax incentives and educational campaigns to form a comprehensive support policy system.
Third, through rigorous empirical, the author finds that after the government released the selected PV industry support policies, the stock prices (mainly stocks) in photovoltaic sectors rise significantly, suggesting that investors are very optimistic about the future of the photovoltaic industry. Making investment decisions in PV industry now can get benefits in the future while the long-term impacts of policies on industry will affect the investment decisions. 

本文編號：554541