預設作為語言學研究中的重要課題,是指說話人在談話前對交際雙方的已知信息做出的假定。一般而言,預設分為語義預設和語用預設。語義預設涉及真值關系,而語用預設的研究將交際中的語境因素考慮在內。Stalnaker于1970年首次提出語用預設這一概念,他認為預設不僅是判斷語句真假值的邏輯問題,還與語境、說話人和聽話人有關。研究表明,預設對語境十分敏感,與其在交際中的使用密不可分。在言語交際過程中,語用預設不僅是涉及語言結構本身的一種語言現(xiàn)象,而且是說話者發(fā)揮主體性,組織話語過程中的基礎環(huán)節(jié),因而,語用預設的使用和理解都要結合具體的語境。近年來,許多學者從多個角度研究語用預設策略,包括其在各種類型語篇中的應用,例如廣告、文學作品、翻譯、公共演講等。對于演講語篇,政治演講、總統(tǒng)競選演講中的語用預設研究數(shù)不勝數(shù)。但是,從TED演講中選取語料進行語用預設研究并不多見,尤其是運用順應理論分析TED演講中語用預設現(xiàn)象更是幾乎沒有。因此,本文試圖以交際順應理論為理論基礎,以TED官網下載的2013年到2018年的30篇演講為研究語料,通過分析其中語用預設的應用實例,并探討語用預設的功能,旨在揭示TED演講中的...

【文章頁數(shù)】：61 頁

【學位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
1 Introduction
    1.1 Background of this Study
    1.2 Purpose and Significance of this Study
    1.3 Organization of the Thesis
2 Literature Review
    2.1 Studies on Pragmatic Presupposition
        2.1.1 Studies on Pragmatic Presupposition Abroad
        2.1.2 Studies on Pragmatic Presupposition at Home
    2.2 Studies on TED Speech
        2.2.1 Studies on TED Speech Abroad
        2.2.2 Studies on TED Speech at Home
    2.3 Summary
3 Theoretical Framework
    3.1 A Brief Introduction to Adaptation Theory
        3.1.1 Features of Linguistic Choice
        3.1.2 Adaptability of Language
        3.1.3 Four Angles of Adaptability
    3.2 Adaptation to Communicative Context
    3.3 Summary
4 Description of Pragmatic Presuppositions in TED Speech
    4.1 Pragmatic Presupposition Triggers in TED Speech
    4.2 Functions of Pragmatic Presupposition in TED Speech
        4.2.1 Function of Conciseness
        4.2.2 Function of Concealment
        4.2.3 Function of Persuasiveness
    4.3 Summary
5 Analysis of Pragmatic Presupposition in TED Speech from the Perspective ofCommunicative Context Adaptation Theory
    5.1 Adaptation to Mental World
        5.1.1 Adaptation to Mental Motivations
        5.1.2 Adaptation to Emotional Factors
        5.1.3 Adaptation to Beliefs and Wishes
    5.2 Adaptation to Social World
        5.2.1 Adaptation to Social Conventions
        5.2.2 Adaptation to Cultural Background
        5.2.3 Adaptation to Religious Beliefs
    5.3 Adaptation to Physical World
        5.3.1 Adaptation to Temporal Reference
        5.3.2 Adaptation to Spatial Reference
    5.4 Summary
Conclusion
Bibliography
Publications during M. A. Study
Acknowledgements



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