2001年9月11日恐怖分子襲擊美國(guó)五角大樓和世貿(mào)中心,3000余人在此事件中喪生,這是美國(guó)本土首次發(fā)生的大規(guī)模恐怖事件,嚴(yán)重打破了美國(guó)人的平靜和安全感。9/11事件給美國(guó)民眾造成了巨大的創(chuàng)傷和悲痛,但是在美國(guó)人的集體記憶中,該事件帶來的創(chuàng)傷并沒有持久存在,取而代之的是濃厚的愛國(guó)主義、例外主義和英雄主義。本文通過分析2001年至2019年期間美國(guó)總統(tǒng)關(guān)于9/11的演講、《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的有關(guān)報(bào)道和和9/11電影,展現(xiàn)了美國(guó)塑造9/11集體記憶的過程,揭示了記憶塑造如何強(qiáng)化了國(guó)家認(rèn)同,并為美國(guó)的對(duì)外干涉政策提供了合法性支持。論文也指出,記憶總是與遺忘并存的。美國(guó)政治和社會(huì)精英群體在塑造9/11正面記憶的同時(shí),也有意將9/11帶來的個(gè)人傷痛擱置,同時(shí)也遺忘了美國(guó)人為什么會(huì)遭致仇恨的問題。美國(guó)9/11記憶具有高度的選擇性,也具有濃厚的政治和意識(shí)形態(tài)色彩。 

【文章來源】：外交學(xué)院北京市

【文章頁數(shù)】：54 頁

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgements
Abstract
摘要
Introduction
Chapter1 Literature Review
    1.1 Theoretical framework of collective memory
    1.2 Current study on American memory of 9/11
Chapter2 9/11 Memory Shaped by American Presidents
    2.1 Bush and the framing of9/11 memory
        2.1.1 Calling for unity
        2.1.2 Defending for freedom
        2.1.3 Promoting heroism and sacrifices
    2.2 Obama and the reinforced9/11 memory
        2.2.1.The10th anniversary of9/11:rituals and memory transmission
        2.2.2 The key themes of9/11 memory in Obama’s public discourses
    2.3.Trump and the continued9/11 memory
        2.3.1 Abstracted9/11 memory
        2.3.2 Understated exceptionalism
Chapter3 9/11 Memory Reinforced by the NYT
    3.1 Positive narratives of 9/11 in 2001
        3.1.1 Stressing the unified efforts to fight back
        3.1.2 Highlighting love and hope
        3.1.3 Ignoring panic and chaos
    3.2 Enhancing American spirit—9/11 in the follow-up reports
        3.2.1 The resilience of American people
        3.2.2 The sage of heroes
        3.2.3 American spirit in Obituaries
    3.3 Narratives of doubts and reflections being overshadowed
Chapter4 9/11 Memory Fortified by“9/11”Movies
    4.1 From Individual Memory to Collective Memory:Memory Work and Movies
        4.1.1 The universalization of individual memory
        4.1.2 More vivid and influential reproduction of individual memory
        4.1.3 Rectification of the collective memory
    4.2 Remembering and Forgetting9/11 in American Movies
        4.2.1 The courage and sacrifice of heroes
        4.2.2 The innocence and resilience of American people
        4.2.3 The multiculturism of American society
        4.2.4 The marginalization of different voices
    4.3 The invisible hand behind American movies
        4.3.1 The government’s censorship
        4.3.2 American military’s manipulation
Conclusion
Bibliography



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