If...,then...和“如果...,那么...”是英漢語中表達非真實條件的典型結(jié)構(gòu),以往對此結(jié)構(gòu)的研究多從傳統(tǒng)語言學的角度,側(cè)重對其邏輯和句法結(jié)構(gòu)的研究。近年來,對其從認知角度的分析興起,側(cè)重對其心理空間、原型和認知域的研究。本文以認知語言學中Goldberg的構(gòu)式語法為理論框架,從句法、語義和語用三個維度來比較英漢if/“如果”非真實條件構(gòu)式中與現(xiàn)在、過去和將來事實相反構(gòu)式的異同。研究結(jié)果表明,句法上,英漢語if/“如果”非真實條構(gòu)式的主從句順序比較靈活,即從句在前,主句在后或是主句在前,從句在后;在從句中,英語連接詞if通常不能和主語交換位置,而漢語中“如果”可以,并且在有其他語助詞,如“的話”,“呢”和“了”出現(xiàn)的情況下,“如果”可以省略;而當英語中有助動詞should,had和系動詞were時,可將if省略,主語和should,had,were互換位置;漢語的條件從句結(jié)構(gòu)可以是“連詞+主語+動詞”和“連詞+動詞+賓語”,而英語只能是“連詞+主語+動詞”;但英漢語條件從句中都不能接“連接詞+代詞/名詞”結(jié)構(gòu);在主句中,英漢語的從句類型都可以是陳述句,疑問句和感嘆句,而漢語還... 

【文章來源】：新疆大學新疆維吾爾自治區(qū) 211工程院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：91 頁

【學位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Background of the Present Study
    1.2 Research Objectives of the Present Study
    1.3 Significance of the Present Study
    1.4 Layout of the Present Study
Chapter 2 Literature Review
    2.1 The Definition of English Unreal If-Conditionals
    2.2 Traditional Studies on English Unreal If-Conditionals Abroad and at Home
        2.2.1 The Studies on English Unreal If-Conditionals Abroad
        2.2.2 The Studies on English Unreal If-Conditionals at Home
    2.3 The Definition of Chinese Unreal Ru'guo-Conditionals
    2.4 Traditional Studies on Chinese Unreal Ru'guo-Conditionals
    2.5 Cognitive Studies on Both Constructions
        2.5.1 Cognitive Studies on Unreal If-Conditional Constructions
        2.5.2 Cognitive Studies on Unreal Ru'guo-Conditional Constructions
    2.6 Comparative Studies on Both Constructions
    2.7 Limitations of Previous Studies
Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework
    3.1 Definition of Construction
    3.2 Construction Grammar
    3.3 Goldberg's Construction Grammar
Chapter 4 Comparative Analysis of English and Chinese Unreal If and Ru'guo ConditionalConstructions
    4.1 Syntactic Properties of Unreal If and Ru'guo Conditional Constructions
        4.1.1 Syntactic Comparison of Unreal Conditional Constructions Which Are Not Fulfilled
        4.1.2 Syntactic Comparison of Unreal Conditional Constructions Which Were NotFulfilled
        4.1.3 Syntactic Comparison of Unreal Conditional Constructions Which Will Not beFulfilled
    4.2 Semantic Properties of Unreal If and Ru'guo Conditional Constructions
    4.3 Pragmatic Properties of Unreal If and Ru'guo Conditional Constructions
        4.3.1 Pragmatic Comparison of Unreal Conditional Constructions Which Are NotFulfilled
        4.3.2 Pragmatic Comparison of Unreal Conditional Constructions Which Were NotFulfilled
        4.3.3 Pragmatic Comparison of Unreal Conditional Constructions Which Will Not beFulfilled
Chapter 5 Conclusion
    5.1 Major Findings of the Present study
    5.2 Implications of the Present Study
    5.3 Limitations and Suggestions of the Present Study
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
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