【摘要】：時(shí)-體-情態(tài)的表達(dá)形式跨語言傾向無明顯界限,本文以該視角審視情態(tài)屈折語假設(shè)所持的英語二分時(shí)論。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):1)隱性情態(tài)屈折語和二分時(shí)并存不符合語言經(jīng)濟(jì)性原則,顯性情態(tài)屈折語和二分時(shí)并存無法涵蓋will/shall的將來時(shí)-將行體和現(xiàn)在時(shí)-將行體兩種解讀;2)從跨語言時(shí)-體-情態(tài)的語法化傾向和英語顯赫時(shí)的歷時(shí)擴(kuò)張看,言者預(yù)期/預(yù)測情態(tài)源于將來時(shí),將來意義(將行體)不可能源于言者預(yù)期/預(yù)測;3)跨語言(非)現(xiàn)實(shí)不是單一情態(tài)范疇,其與時(shí)-體-情態(tài)之間存在顯赫非均衡性;在(非)現(xiàn)實(shí)范疇化程度高的語言中,現(xiàn)實(shí)和非現(xiàn)實(shí)標(biāo)記呈互補(bǔ)分布。英語(非)現(xiàn)實(shí)的范疇化程度低,若說will/shall是非現(xiàn)實(shí)專有標(biāo)記而現(xiàn)實(shí)標(biāo)記缺失也不支持英語無將來時(shí)。
[Abstract]:There is no obvious boundary between the linguistic tendency and the expression form of time-aspect-modality. This paper looks at the English dichotomy of modal flexion hypothesis from this perspective. The study found that the coexistence of recessive modal flexion and dichotomy does not conform to the principle of language economy. The coexistence of explicit modal flexion and dichotomy does not cover the future tense of will/shall-line aspect and present tense-line aspect 2) from the perspective of the grammaticalization tendency of cross-language time-aspect modality and the diachronic expansion of the prominent English tense. The expectation / prediction modality of the speaker originates from the future tense, and the meaning of the future can not be derived from the expectation / prediction of the speaker. 3) the cross-linguistic (non-linguistic) reality is not a single modality category, and there is a prominent disequilibrium between it and the time-aspect modality. In languages with a high degree of categorization of reality, realistic and non-realistic markers are distributed in a complementary manner. The degree of categorization of English (non-reality) is low. If we say that will/shall is a nonrealistic exclusive marker and the absence of a realistic marker does not support the future tense of English.
【作者單位】： 曲阜師范大學(xué);南京師范大學(xué);
【基金】：國家社科基金項(xiàng)目“平衡語種樣本視閾下時(shí)-體范疇的類型與共性研究”(15BYY174)的階段性成果
【分類號】：H314.3
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本文編號：2211645