本文選題：環(huán)境新聞文本 + 中國霧霾天氣��； 參考：《寧波大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,世界范圍內(nèi)的環(huán)境問題日益尖銳,受到國內(nèi)民眾和西方媒體的高度關(guān)注,環(huán)境新聞也迅速發(fā)展,逐漸成為一個獨(dú)立的新聞類型。中國主流媒體對環(huán)境新聞的研究起步較晚,而西方的環(huán)境新聞則可以說已發(fā)展成為了一門專門學(xué)問,許多高校的新聞學(xué)院甚至開設(shè)了專門針對環(huán)境新聞、災(zāi)難新聞方向的新聞采寫課以及環(huán)境新聞翻譯方向等,關(guān)于環(huán)境新聞的報道和研究已相當(dāng)成熟。因此,翻譯國外媒體關(guān)于中國環(huán)境的新聞報道,一方面可以學(xué)習(xí)西方主流媒體新聞報道的特點(diǎn)、模式和寫作手法,另一方面也可從中了解西方媒體看待中國環(huán)境問題的角度和觀點(diǎn),具有較高的實(shí)踐價值。本項(xiàng)目以英國《每日郵報》和BBC網(wǎng)站上關(guān)于中國霧霾天氣的22篇報道為例,選取了若干文本進(jìn)行翻譯實(shí)踐,并在此基礎(chǔ)上撰寫了翻譯報告。報告對選取的文本從詞匯、句法和語篇三個層面上進(jìn)行了分析,總結(jié)出環(huán)境新聞的特點(diǎn)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,報告以讀者接受理論為指導(dǎo),就環(huán)境新聞文本的翻譯策略和原則進(jìn)行了討論,總結(jié)和闡述了翻譯過程中的發(fā)現(xiàn)和不足,以期為今后環(huán)境新聞的翻譯實(shí)踐提供參考和建議。本研究報告共分為五個部分:第一部分:項(xiàng)目描述。介紹了翻譯項(xiàng)目的背景,所選文本的來源、字?jǐn)?shù)、內(nèi)容等大致情況以及研究意義。第二部分:過程描述。包括譯前準(zhǔn)備、翻譯過程以及譯后校對。第三部分:文本分析。該部分從詞匯、句法、語篇三方面分析翻譯項(xiàng)目的文本,發(fā)現(xiàn)此類文本在用詞上多數(shù)字、多術(shù)語、多專有名詞、多新詞和縮略語;句式上,多松散句、長句、被動句,另外還有較多的直接引語和間接引語;語篇上,多采用倒金字塔結(jié)構(gòu)并廣泛運(yùn)用各種銜接手段以增強(qiáng)文本的連貫性。第四部分:案例分析。該部分主要在分析原文的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用讀者接受理論的基本原則,從詞匯、句法、語篇三個層面結(jié)合實(shí)例,總結(jié)和描述譯者在翻譯過程中所采用的翻譯策略和方法。詞匯層面上,翻譯時已有慣用的中文詞語或名稱,可按約定俗成的方法來翻譯;若沒有,則須根據(jù)語境,采用音譯或者意譯法,如有必要還須增補(bǔ)信息使譯文更符合中文的表達(dá)習(xí)慣,更能為目標(biāo)語讀者所接受。在句法層面上,譯者在翻譯松散句時,首先應(yīng)充分了解中英文的特點(diǎn),然后在讀懂原句的基礎(chǔ)上將句子劃分為若干個意群進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換,最后再按照漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣重新組織語言。在處理長句時,譯者首先對句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析,找出句子間的邏輯關(guān)系并調(diào)整語序、重組語言,再進(jìn)一步潤色譯文,使其流暢自然。翻譯被動句時,譯者往往化被動為主動,將英語的被動句譯成漢語的主動句,或譯為無標(biāo)志的被動句,例如用“是······的”結(jié)構(gòu)來表示被動意義;或?qū)⒂⒄Z中省略的施事者還原為句子的主語,或增加新的主語。翻譯直接引語和間接引語時須結(jié)合具體的語境,如果引用某權(quán)威組織和人士的原話,可采用直譯法以保證目的語真實(shí)客觀;若引用自非正式的口語,那么意譯法就能夠使譯文最大限度地展現(xiàn)原文的生動形象。在語篇層面上,對于倒金字塔結(jié)構(gòu),譯者在翻譯時通常照搬原文順序,使新聞能夠在第一時間內(nèi)吸引讀者的注意力。在處理銜接手段時,為了使譯文語篇流暢、通順、語義連貫,譯者在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤竭M(jìn)行了重復(fù)、增補(bǔ)或刪減。另外,本翻譯項(xiàng)目的文本中經(jīng)常包含了圖片、圖片說明等,為了不造成歧義或理解上的偏差,使讀者能更順利地閱讀,翻譯時保留了這些信息,并在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤窖a(bǔ)充了額外信息。第五部分:結(jié)論。指出本翻譯項(xiàng)目的不足,提出對未來研究和實(shí)踐的建議。
[Abstract]:At present, the environmental problems in the world are becoming more and more acute and highly concerned by the domestic people and the western media. The environmental news has developed rapidly and gradually becomes an independent news type. The research of the environmental news in China's mainstream media is late, and the new environmental news in the West has been developed into a specialized knowledge. The school of journalism in many colleges and universities has even opened the news and writing courses that specializes in environmental news, disaster news and the direction of environmental news translation. The reports and studies of environmental news are quite mature. Therefore, the translation of news reports on the Chinese environment by foreign media, on the one hand, can learn from the mainstream media news reports in the West. Characteristics, patterns and writing techniques, on the other hand, can also understand the perspective and view of Western media on China's environmental problems, and have high practical value. This project takes the 22 reports on the haze weather in China on the daily mail and BBC website as an example. This paper analyzes the selected text from three aspects of vocabulary, syntax and discourse, and summarizes the characteristics of environmental news. On this basis, the report, guided by the reader's acceptance theory, discusses the translation strategies and principles of the environmental news text, and summarizes and expounds the discovery and deficiency in the process of translation. This research report is divided into five parts: the first part: the project description. It introduces the background of the translation project, the source of the selected text, the number of words, the content, and the significance of the research. The second part: the preparation, the process of translation and the proofreading of the translation. The third part: text analysis. This part analyzes the text of the translation project from three aspects of vocabulary, syntax and discourse, and finds that this kind of text is multi numeric, multi term, multi term, multi noun, multi noun and abbreviation in the use of words; on the sentence pattern, many loose sentences, long sentences, passive sentences, and more direct quotations and indirect quotations; and in discourse, mostly use gold. The structure of the word tower and a variety of cohesive devices are widely used to enhance the coherence of the text. The fourth part: case analysis. On the basis of the analysis of the original text, this part mainly uses the basic principles of readers' acceptance theory to sum up and describe the translation strategies and parties used in the process of translation from the three aspects of vocabulary, syntax and discourse. At the lexical level, the idiomatic Chinese words or names can be translated at the time of translation. If not, it is necessary to use transliteration or free translation according to the context. If necessary, it is necessary to add information to make the translation more consistent with the Chinese expression habits and to be accepted by the target language readers. At the syntactic level, the translator is translated. In a loose sentence, first of all, we should fully understand the characteristics of Chinese and English, and then divide the sentence into a number of meaning groups on the basis of reading the original sentence, and finally reorganize the language according to the expression habit of Chinese. When translating passive sentences, the translator often translates passive sentences into the initiative, translates the passive sentence of English into the active sentence of the Chinese, or translates it into an unmarked passive sentence, for example, the passive meaning is expressed with the structure of ".." or the omission of the performer in English to the subject of a sentence. The translation of direct and indirect quotes must be combined with specific contexts. If the original words of an authoritative organization and personage are quoted, the literal translation method can be used to ensure that the target language is true and objective; if the informal language is quoted, the free translation can make the translation show the vivid image of the original text to the maximum extent. On the other hand, for the inverted Pyramid structure, the translator usually copies the original order in translation so that the news can attract the reader's attention in the first time. In dealing with the means of cohesion, in order to make the translation of the text fluent, smooth and semantic, the translator repeats, supplements or cuts in the appropriate place. In addition, the text of the translation project is in the text. It often contains pictures, picture instructions, etc., in order not to cause ambiguity or understanding of the deviation, so that readers can read more smoothly, retain the information in translation, and add additional information in the appropriate place. The fifth part: conclusion, points out the shortcomings of the translation project, and puts forward suggestions for future research and practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H315.9

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本文編號：2060462