本文選題：軛制構(gòu)式 + 慣性壓制�。� 參考：《四川外國語大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：軛式搭配是一種獨特的語言現(xiàn)象,其經(jīng)濟簡潔、詼諧幽默、形象生動的表達特點引起了國內(nèi)外學者的極大關(guān)注。許多語言學家嘗試著從不同的理論視角對軛式搭配進行闡釋,如,修辭學,語用學,句法學,語義學,認知語言學等。在認知語言學視角的研究中,構(gòu)式語法將軛式搭配作為軛制構(gòu)式來研究,并用慣性壓制對其從句法、語義和語用方面進行分析。前人對軛式搭配的研究多局限于理論闡釋,實證方面的研究寥寥無幾。本研究在構(gòu)式研究的理論基礎上,采用眼動追蹤技術(shù),對中國高級EFL學習者軛制構(gòu)式加工中慣性壓制的心理現(xiàn)實性進行探討。本研究包括兩個實驗,均為被試內(nèi)實驗設計。實驗一采用邊界范式,以軛式搭配中的異常詞為目標詞,通過操縱四種預視詞與目標詞的關(guān)系(同等、合理壓制、合理非壓制與不合理非壓制),探討軛制構(gòu)式句中目標詞處預視效應獲得情況。實驗二與實驗一相似,不同之處在于目標詞能與動詞正常搭配,其目的是探討非構(gòu)式句中目標詞處預視效應獲得情況。實驗選取35名四川外國語大學英語專業(yè)研究生為被試,使用Eye Link 1000型眼動儀記錄被試閱讀時的眼動軌跡。實驗要求被試對所看到的句子進行語義判斷,并對隨后呈現(xiàn)的問題做按鍵反應。實驗中所產(chǎn)生的眼動數(shù)據(jù)被輸入到SPSS16.0軟件,并對關(guān)鍵詞的相關(guān)眼動指標,如首次注視時間(IA first fixation duration),凝視時間(IA first run dwell time)和總注視時間(IA dwell time)等做統(tǒng)計學分析。研究結(jié)果如下:(1)實驗一:通過分析首次注視時間、凝視時間、總注視時間三種眼動指標發(fā)現(xiàn),同等詞預視效應非常顯著[t(32)=-5.199,p.001;t(32)=-6.942,p.001;t(32)=-7.128,p.001],具體表現(xiàn)為關(guān)鍵詞加工時間在同等詞預視條件下最短。合理壓制條件下三種指標顯示關(guān)鍵詞加工時長第二短。然而,該預視條件下的首次注釋時間及凝視時間預視效應均不顯著[t(32)=-1.746,p=.090.05,t(32)=-.847,p=.403.05],但總注視時間表現(xiàn)出了明顯的預視效應[t(32)=-2.183,p=.037.05]。合理非壓制條件下的眼動指標顯示關(guān)鍵詞加工時間比合理壓制條件下的更長,預視效應在首次注釋時間和凝視時間上均不顯著[t(32)=-1.243,p=.223.05,t(32)=-.603,p=.551.05],但總注視時間的預視效應達到邊緣顯著差異[t(32)=-1.922,p=.064.05]。以上結(jié)果表明,合理預視對關(guān)鍵詞的早期加工并沒有產(chǎn)生促進作用,但對其晚期加工起了明顯的促進作用。(2)實驗二:與實驗一相同,三種眼動指標均表現(xiàn)出了顯著的同等詞預視效應[t(32)=-6.476,p.001;t(32)=-8.279,p.001;t(32)=-7.733,p.001],具體表現(xiàn)為關(guān)鍵詞加工時間在同等詞預視條件下最短。與實驗一不同的是,關(guān)鍵詞加工時間第二短的情況出現(xiàn)在合理非壓制預視條件下,此外,該條件下的首次注視時間、凝視時間均有顯著預視效應[t(32)=-3.546,p=.001.05,t(32)=-4.833,p.001],總注視時間預視效應達到顯著差異[t(32)=-3.509,p=.001]。合理壓制預視條件下的眼動指標顯示關(guān)鍵詞加工時間比合理非壓制的更長,首次注視時間預視效應不顯著[t(32)=-1.547,p=.132.05],但是凝視時間具有顯著預視效應[t(32)=-2.974,p=.006.05],總注視時間的預視效應非常顯著[t(32)=-4.332,p.001]。以上結(jié)果表明,合理預視促進了關(guān)鍵詞的整個加工過程。綜合三種眼動指標,四種預視條件下關(guān)鍵詞的加工時長在兩個實驗中排序有所不同,實驗一中關(guān)鍵詞加工時間依次為:同等詞條件,合理壓制條件,合理非壓制條件,不合理非壓制條件;實驗二中依次為:同等詞條件,合理非壓制條件,合理壓制條件,不合理非壓制條件。導致這一差異的主要原因可能是實驗材料的句子類型,實驗一是軛制構(gòu)式句,句中的非正常搭配在正常搭配的慣性壓制作用下,變成可接受搭配;而實驗二是非軛制構(gòu)式句,句中的所有搭配均為正常搭配。換言之,軛制構(gòu)式影響了關(guān)鍵詞的加工,具體來說,軛制構(gòu)式加工中的慣性壓制影響了預視效應的加工。因此,我們可以得出如下結(jié)論:慣性壓制影響了預視效應的心理加工過程,在中國EFL學習者加工軛制構(gòu)式句中具有心理現(xiàn)實性。
[Abstract]:Yoke collocation is a unique linguistic phenomenon. Its economic simplicity, humour and vivid expression have attracted great attention from scholars at home and abroad. Many linguists try to interpret the yoke from different theoretical perspectives, such as rhetoric, pragmatics, syntax, semantics, cognitive linguistics and so on. In the study of perspective, structural grammar studies yoke collocation as a yoke, and analyzes its syntax, semantics and pragmatics with inertial coercion. Previous studies on yoke collocation are limited to theoretical interpretation, and few empirical studies have been made. The psychological reality of the inertial coercion in the yoke processing of Chinese advanced EFL learners was discussed. The study included two experiments, all of which were designed in the experiment. The experiment one uses the boundary paradigm, the abnormal words in the yoke collocation as the target words, and the relationship between the four preview words and the target words (equal, rational suppression and reasonable non pressure). To explore the preview effect of the target words in the yoke structure sentence, the experiment two is similar to the experiment one, and the difference lies in the normal collocation of the target words with the verbs. The purpose is to explore the preview effect of the target words in the unstructured sentences. The experiment selected 35 graduate students of Sichuan foreign language university as a graduate student. The subjects, using the Eye Link 1000 eye movement instrument, recorded the eye movement track when the subjects were read. The experiment required the subjects to make a semantic judgment on the sentences they had seen and respond to the subsequent problems. The eye movement data produced in the experiment were input to the SPSS16.0 software and the related eye movements of the key words, such as the first time of fixation (IA f). IRST fixation duration), stare time (IA first run dwell time) and total fixation time (IA dwell time) and other statistical analysis. The results are as follows: (1) experiment 1: through the analysis of the first fixation time, gaze time, and total fixation time, three kinds of eye movements are found, and the preview effect of the same word is very significant (32) .001; t (32) =-7.128, p.001], specific expression of the word processing time under the same preview condition is the shortest. Under the reasonable suppressing conditions, the three indexes show that the processing time is second short. However, the initial annotation time and the gaze time preview effect under the preview condition are not significantly [t (32) =-1.746, p=.090.05, t (32) =-.847, p=.403.05], But the total fixation time showed an obvious preview effect [t (32) =-2.183. The eye movement index of p=.037.05]. under reasonable non suppressing conditions showed that the processing time was longer than that under the reasonable suppressing condition. The preview effect was not significantly [t (32) =-1.243, p=.223.05, t (32) =-.603, p=.551.05], but the total gaze was observed at the first annotation time and gaze time. The preview effect of time reached a significant difference of [t (32) =-1.922, and the results above p=.064.05]. showed that reasonable preview did not promote the early processing of the key words, but played a significant role in promoting the advanced processing. (2) experiment two: the same as the experiment one, the three kinds of eye movements showed significant preview effect. [t (32) =-6.476, p.001; t (32) =-8.279, p.001; t (32) =-7.733, p.001], which are specifically shown as the shortest processing time under the same preview condition. Unlike the experiment one, the key word processing time is second short under the reasonable non suppressed preview strip, in addition, the first gaze time under this condition is obvious. The preview effect [t (32) =-3.546, p=.001.05, t (32) =-4.833, p.001], the preview effect of total fixation time reached significant difference [t (32) =-3.509. The eye movement index of p=.001]. reasonable suppressing preview showed that the processing time of key words was longer than that of reasonable non suppression, and the initial gaze time preview effect was not significant [t (32) =-1.547, p=.132.05], but gaze. Time has a significant preview effect [t (32) =-2.974, p=.006.05], the preview effect of total fixation time is very significant [t (32) =-4.332, and the results of p.001]. above indicate that reasonable preview promotes the whole processing of the key words. Three kinds of eye movement indexes are integrated, and the processing time of key words in four preview conditions is different in the two experiments. The processing time of key words in the first one is as follows: the same word condition, reasonable suppressing condition, reasonable non suppression condition, unreasonable non suppression condition, the second of the experiment are the same word condition, reasonable non suppression condition, reasonable suppressing condition, unreasonable non suppression condition. The main reason for this difference may be the sentence type of experimental material. The one is the yoke structure sentence, the abnormal collocation in the sentence becomes an acceptable collocation under the normal collocation of the inertial coercion; and experiment two is a non yoke sentence, and all the collocations in the sentence are normal collocations. In other words, the yoke structure affects the processing of the key words. In other words, the inertial coercion in the yoke processing affects the preview. Therefore, we can draw the following conclusion: the inertial coercion affects the psychological process of the preview effect, and has the psychological reality in the processing of the yoke sentence in Chinese EFL learners.
【學位授予單位】：四川外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H319.3

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