本文選題：對比研究 + 英漢調(diào)核位置��； 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為語調(diào)中的重要組成部分,調(diào)核不僅可以標(biāo)志信息焦點的位置,使人們知道核心信息,而且能夠影響表達中的語法和句式結(jié)構(gòu),并表明我們對其他人的態(tài)度和周圍事件的反應(yīng)。正確的調(diào)核位置可以使人們有效地交流,從而建立和諧的人際關(guān)系。然而,由于英語是“重音計時”語言,漢語是“音節(jié)計時”語言,而且漢語中的輕音不同于英語中的輕讀,所以外語學(xué)習(xí)者在語言表達和理解上有不少困難。為了讓人們更好的理解調(diào)核位置,本論文基于3-T理論和對比研究理論,從功能和規(guī)則的角度對英漢調(diào)核位置進行對比研究,從而試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者之間是否有異同點。本論文主要通過查閱有關(guān)調(diào)核位置的文獻資料和參考中國知網(wǎng)的論文得以完成,其中并引用了《新概念英語1》和《新編普通話教程》中典型的例子。兩本書中都含有大量帶有音頻的例句,比如一般疑問句,特殊疑問句,祈使句和感嘆句等等,所以筆者認(rèn)為這些句子是研究英漢調(diào)核位置很好的材料來源。近年來,許多學(xué)者紛紛對英漢重音,句法結(jié)構(gòu)和修辭特征等進行對比研究,甚至還做了大量實證研究,所以本文對英漢調(diào)核位置的對比研究也借鑒了前人的研究成果。通過分析,本篇論文得到如下結(jié)果:1.就功能和規(guī)則而言,英漢在調(diào)核位置方面的確有共同之處和不同之處。2.在兩種語言中,調(diào)核位置都起著語義、態(tài)度和語法作用,但在這些功能的表現(xiàn)上,兩種語言也是有所不同的。3.調(diào)核位置可以分為有標(biāo)記調(diào)核位置和無標(biāo)記調(diào)核位置,同樣,信息焦點可以分為無標(biāo)記焦點、有標(biāo)記焦點和對比焦點。一般無標(biāo)記調(diào)核會落在句末的最后一個重讀實義詞上,英漢的主要區(qū)別在于復(fù)合詞,英語有“單一重讀”復(fù)合詞和“雙重”復(fù)合詞,前者的調(diào)核主要落在第一個成分的重讀音節(jié),而后者落在第二個成分的重讀音節(jié)上,由于在漢語中,從聽感上判斷,兩音節(jié)韻律詞不能看出明顯的“前重”或“后重”傾向,而且關(guān)于兩音節(jié)復(fù)合詞的詞重音規(guī)則,漢語界暫時也沒有統(tǒng)一的意見,所以在此處作者主要討論的是三音節(jié)復(fù)合詞,它的調(diào)核一般落在最后一個重讀實義詞上。新舊信息、強調(diào)和習(xí)慣表達會影響有標(biāo)記調(diào)核的位置,然而,英漢兩種語言在三種因素的表現(xiàn)方面也有所不同。對比是影響兩種語言調(diào)核位置的共同因素,其中,英語常用降升調(diào)來表達對比�？偠灾�,無論調(diào)核位置是無標(biāo)記的還是有標(biāo)記的,它都標(biāo)記著信息焦點,所以語言學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)調(diào)核位置的規(guī)則以及正確表達信息焦點的方式,從而可以進行自我評估和自我糾正,提高語言能力水平。
[Abstract]:As an important part of intonation, tone check can not only mark the position of information focus, make people know the core information, but also influence the grammar and sentence structure in expression. And show how we react to other people's attitudes and events around us. The correct adjustment of position can enable people to communicate effectively and build harmonious interpersonal relationships. However, since English is a "stress timing" language, Chinese is a "syllable timing" language, and the light sound in Chinese is different from light reading in English, foreign language learners have many difficulties in language expression and understanding. In order to make people better understand the position of nucleus modulation, this paper, based on 3-T theory and contrastive study theory, makes a contrastive study on the position of nucleus modulation in English and Chinese from the perspective of function and rule, so as to find out whether there are similarities and differences between the two. This thesis is mainly accomplished by consulting the literature about checking the location and referring to the paper of China.com. some typical examples in "New concept English 1" and "New Putonghua course" are cited. Both books contain a large number of examples with audio, such as general questions, special questions, imperative sentences, exclamatory sentences and so on. In recent years, many scholars have carried out contrastive studies on stress, syntactic structure and rhetorical features of English and Chinese, and even made a lot of empirical studies. Through analysis, this paper obtains the following result: 1. As far as functions and rules are concerned, English and Chinese do have some similarities and differences in checking positions. In both languages, kernel positions play a semantic, attitudinal and grammatical role, but the two languages are also different in the performance of these functions. The nucleation location can be divided into marked and unmarked nucleation positions. Similarly, the information focus can be divided into unmarked focus, marked focus and contrast focus. The main difference between English and Chinese lies in the compound words. There are "single stress" compound words and "double" compound words in English. The former mainly falls on the stress syllable of the first component, while the latter falls on the stress syllable of the second component. Because in Chinese, judging from the sense of hearing, the two-syllable prosodic words can not see the obvious tendency of "pre-stress" or "post-stress". Moreover, there is no unified opinion on the stress rules of two-syllable compound words, so here the author mainly discusses the three-syllable compound word, whose core is usually on the last stressed word. New and old information, emphasis and habit expression will affect the location of marked nucleus, however, the performance of the three factors is different between English and Chinese. Contrast is the common factor affecting the location of the two languages. In a word, whether the check position is unmarked or marked, it is marked with the focus of information, so language learners should learn the rules of checking the location and how to correctly express the focus of information. Therefore, self-assessment and self-correction can be carried out to improve language proficiency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H146.3;H314.3

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