本文選題：承諾 + 交際功能��； 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在政治生活中,政治代言人發(fā)表演講早已司空見慣,作為政治演講一種不可或缺的體裁,就職演講在政治生活中發(fā)揮著極其重要的作用。當(dāng)今社會(huì),各國政治生活以民主與自由為主題,各國民眾的政治意識(shí)不斷增強(qiáng)。時(shí)下的政治家們?cè)诤艽蟪潭壬弦揽空Z言說服民眾接受政治見解和新型改革措施。然而,要求聽眾接受代言人的新觀點(diǎn),接納新政策、形成新態(tài)度乃至執(zhí)行新決策絕非易事。代言人發(fā)表的就職演講要符合時(shí)代潮流、國家利益,也應(yīng)具有高度的合理性、科學(xué)性,以便激發(fā)潛藏在民眾心底的愛國主義、價(jià)值認(rèn)同感、集體主義等。代言人發(fā)表就職演講的主要目的在于讓聽眾理解、接受乃至踐行其政治見解。通常情況下,為了順利實(shí)現(xiàn)交際目的,政治代言人往往會(huì)選擇較為含蓄的方式表達(dá)“承諾”,在英美國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人就職演講中,實(shí)現(xiàn)承諾表達(dá)的重要媒介為認(rèn)知?jiǎng)釉~。本文試圖研究以下兩個(gè)問題:1)在認(rèn)知?jiǎng)釉~或人稱代詞不一致的情況下,“believe”或“think”承諾高低值有何差別?2)在三種承諾類型中,“believe”和“think”交際功能是什么?研究結(jié)果表明,就職演講中的認(rèn)知?jiǎng)釉~believe和think在承諾高低值上有著顯著的區(qū)別,二者又可以通過三種承諾類型“認(rèn)知承諾”、“社會(huì)承諾”、“情感承諾”和其它輔助手段(助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、副詞等)發(fā)揮交際功能,實(shí)現(xiàn)言者交際目標(biāo)。而三種承諾類型的交際功能又可以具體化,例如認(rèn)知承諾可以從評(píng)價(jià)功能和信息功能角度進(jìn)行分析。盡管認(rèn)知?jiǎng)釉~believe和think在整個(gè)文本中所占比重很低,然而其在語篇分析和話語交流中發(fā)揮的重要作用毋庸置疑,在很大程度上順應(yīng)了政治代言人的話語目的和交際需求,實(shí)現(xiàn)了直接言語行為和簡(jiǎn)介言語行為的積極轉(zhuǎn)變。其次,在就職演講中,認(rèn)知?jiǎng)釉~的使用具有一定傾向性,總體而言,代言人傾向于使用語義強(qiáng)度較高的believe。本文通過對(duì)英美國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人就職演講中認(rèn)知?jiǎng)釉~的研究,旨在為英語教學(xué)者和學(xué)習(xí)者提供一定的啟示:在對(duì)認(rèn)知?jiǎng)釉~的教與學(xué)過程中,只從語義上區(qū)分認(rèn)知?jiǎng)釉~具有一定局限性,原因在于有些認(rèn)知?jiǎng)釉~的語義差別并不是絕對(duì)的,更應(yīng)該從交際功能的層面了解每個(gè)認(rèn)知?jiǎng)釉~的含義以及在不同語篇、不同語場(chǎng)下的功能,這樣對(duì)認(rèn)知?jiǎng)釉~的認(rèn)識(shí)和習(xí)得才具有全面性、科學(xué)性.
[Abstract]:As an indispensable genre of political speech, Inaugural speech plays an extremely important role in political life. In today's society, democracy and freedom are the theme of political life in various countries. Politicians nowadays rely heavily on language to persuade people to accept political opinions and new reforms. However, it is not easy to ask the audience to accept the spokesman's new ideas, accept new policies, form new attitudes and even implement new decisions. The inaugural speech delivered by the spokesman should be in line with the trend of the times, national interests, and should also have a high degree of rationality and science, so as to stimulate the patriotism, value identity, collectivism and so on hidden in the hearts of the people. The main purpose of the speaker's inaugural speech is to make the audience understand, accept and even practice their political opinions. Usually, in order to achieve the purpose of communication smoothly, political spokesmen often choose a more implicit way to express "commitment". In the inaugural speech of leaders of British and American countries, the important medium to realize the expression of commitment is cognitive verb. This paper attempts to study the following two questions: 1) what is the difference between "believe" and "think" commitment in the case of cognitive verbs or personal pronouns being inconsistent? (2) what are the communicative functions of "believe" and "think" among the three types of commitment? The results show that the cognitive verb believe and think have significant differences in the level of commitment, and they can be divided into three types of commitment: "cognitive commitment" and "social commitment". Affective commitment and other auxiliary measures (auxiliary verbs, modal verbs, adverbs, etc.) play a communicative role to achieve the speaker's communicative goals. The communicative functions of the three types of commitment can be concretized, for example, cognitive commitment can be analyzed from the perspective of evaluation and information function. Although the proportion of cognitive verbs believe and think in the whole text is very low, the important role they play in discourse analysis and discourse communication is beyond doubt, and to a great extent conforms to the discourse purpose and communication needs of political spokesmen. It realizes the positive transformation of direct speech act and brief speech act. Secondly, in the inaugural speech, the use of cognitive verbs has a certain tendency. In general, spokesmen tend to use believewith high semantic intensity. Through the study of cognitive verbs in English and American leaders' inaugural speeches, this paper aims to provide some enlightenment to English teachers and learners in the process of teaching and learning cognitive verbs. There are some limitations in distinguishing cognitive verbs only from the semantic aspects, because the semantic differences of some cognitive verbs are not absolute, and the meaning of each cognitive verb should be understood from the level of communicative function and in different discourse. Only when the functions of different language fields are used, can the cognition and acquisition of cognitive verbs be comprehensive and scientific.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H314.2

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