本文選題：自然語義元語言 + 語義基元　； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：對語義的基本單位的定義是語言學(xué)家們一直在探索的問題�！岸x”應(yīng)有被定義的對象,也應(yīng)有可以用來定義的事物。由安娜·威爾茲彼卡提出的自然語義元語言論認(rèn)為世界上所有的語言都存在著共同的語義基元,一個不可再次還原的語義核心。這些語義基元可以用來定義幾乎所有復(fù)雜的語義,但語義基元本身不可以再被定義。安娜·威爾茲彼卡同克里夫·戈達(dá)德一起,通過大量的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,目前已找到約60個語義基元,均用英語表示,且研究的語言主要來自澳大利亞、非洲、太平洋地區(qū)、東南亞、歐洲和北美洲地區(qū)。但從已有文獻(xiàn)看,所謂的實(shí)驗(yàn)法實(shí)際上仍是傳統(tǒng)的文本分析法、自然觀察法及田野調(diào)查法,鮮見用基于語料庫的方法來研究。為了檢驗(yàn)該研究成果是否適用于在世界上使用人口最多的漢語,盧植首先將語料庫研究方法用于自然語義元語言研究,他對共約60個語義基元的英文表達(dá)和對應(yīng)的中文表達(dá)的搭配和語義韻在自建語料庫中的分布做了對比研究,但并未對搭配的具體詞語和類聯(lián)接做對比分析。本文借鑒盧植的研究方法,通過自建語料庫,利用統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件AntConc和SPSS17.0,從自然語義元語言的視角,對語義基元“死”和“die”進(jìn)行對比研究。語料庫數(shù)據(jù)來源為《人民日報(bào)》和《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》2015年一月到六月的內(nèi)容。通過定性研究與定量研究相結(jié)合,本文對比分析了“死”和“die”在語料庫中的整體分布、有效案例的分布、類聯(lián)接的分布,以及語義韻的分布,并闡釋了這些分布是否存在差異及其原因。文章首先參照信度較高的中英文詞典,對“死”和“die”在語料庫中出現(xiàn)的案例進(jìn)行篩選,保留有效案例,并對其頻率數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)和討論。其次,對有效案例進(jìn)行分類,總結(jié)出“死”和“die”的詞語搭配及類聯(lián)接。并對各自的語義韻進(jìn)行了分類對比。研究結(jié)果顯示,“死”和“die”在語料庫里的整體分布、有效案例分布及語義韻方面并無顯著差異,該研究結(jié)果與盧植的研究結(jié)果一致。這可能是因?yàn)槿祟悡碛泄餐陌l(fā)展歷史,對世界的認(rèn)知包括對死亡的認(rèn)知具有相似性。但研究發(fā)現(xiàn),“死”和“die”在類聯(lián)接類別的分布上存在顯著差異。這可能源于英漢分屬不同語言體系,有著不同文化背景,如兩種語言之間存在靜態(tài)與動態(tài),繁復(fù)與簡短等差異。本文從自然語義元語言的角度出發(fā),驗(yàn)證了語義基元“die”和“死”在其自身分布和語義韻方面并無顯著性差異,從而為自然語義元語言研究提供了數(shù)據(jù)支持和實(shí)證資料。
[Abstract]:The definition of the basic unit of semantics is a question which linguists have been exploring all the time. Definition should have objects that are defined and things that can be defined. The theory of natural semantic meta-lingualism put forward by An Na Wilzbika holds that all languages in the world have a common semantic primitive a semantic core that cannot be restored again. These semantic primitives can be used to define almost all complex semantics, but the semantic primitives themselves can no longer be defined. An Na Wiltzpika, together with Cliff Goddard, has found about 60 semantic primitives, all in English, through a great deal of experimental research, mostly in Australia, Africa, the Pacific, Southeast Asia. Europe and North America. However, the so-called experimental method is still the traditional text analysis method, natural observation method and field investigation method, and few of them are studied by corpus-based method. In order to test whether the research results are applicable to the most populous Chinese in the world, Lu Zhi first applied the corpus research method to the study of natural semantic meta-language. He made a comparative study on the distribution of collocation and semantic prosody of about 60 semantic primitives in English and corresponding Chinese expressions in the self-built corpus, but did not make a comparative analysis of the collocation of specific words and category joins. Based on the research method of Lu Zhi, this paper makes a comparative study of the semantic primitive "death" and "die" from the perspective of natural semantic meta-language by using the statistical software AntConc and SPSS 17.0. Corpus data are from People's Daily and the New York Times from January to June 2015. By combining qualitative and quantitative studies, this paper contrasts and analyses the overall distribution of "dead" and "die" in the corpus, the distribution of valid cases, the distribution of class join, and the distribution of semantic rhyme. Whether there are differences in these distributions and the reasons are explained. In this paper, first of all, referring to the Chinese and English dictionaries with high reliability, the cases of "death" and "die" appearing in the corpus are screened, the valid cases are retained, and the frequency data are analyzed and discussed. Secondly, the effective cases are classified, and the collocation and class connection of "death" and "die" are summarized. And their semantic rhymes are classified and compared. The results show that there is no significant difference in the overall distribution of "dead" and "die" in the corpus, the distribution of effective cases and the semantic prosody. The results of this study are consistent with those of Lu Zhi's. This may be because human beings share a common history of development, and the perception of the world, including the perception of death, is similar. However, there are significant differences in the distribution of class join classes between "dead" and "die". This may be due to the fact that English and Chinese belong to different language systems and have different cultural backgrounds such as static and dynamic complexity and brevity between the two languages. From the point of view of natural semantic meta-language, this paper verifies that there is no significant difference between semantic primitive "die" and "death" in their own distribution and semantic prosody, thus providing data support and empirical data for the study of natural semantic meta-language.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：H136;H313

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 劉順生;die短語動詞練習(xí)[J];大學(xué)英語;1989年03期

2 傅治夷;英語詞匯“Die”的“職業(yè)變體”之分析[J];欽州師范高等�？茖W(xué)校學(xué)報(bào);2003年03期

3 ;[J];;年期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 陳華春;自然語義元語言視域下語義基元“死”和“die”的對比研究[D];西南石油大學(xué);2016年

2 曹曉雅;英漢“die”與“死”的語法化對比研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號：1890589