發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-22 15:44

  本文選題：語用否定　切入點(diǎn)：認(rèn)知范疇　出處：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：語用否定是語用學(xué)關(guān)注的重要內(nèi)容。前人大多討論語用否定和語義否定的區(qū)別,但直接對語用否定的研究不夠系統(tǒng)深入,且在多方面存在分歧,包括:語用否定的總體分類、語用否定的次類劃分、漢英語用否定的異同、漢英語用否定的應(yīng)用等。語用否定是指在一定語境中,為適合當(dāng)前需要或達(dá)到特定目的、通過特定手段而否定話語“適宜條件”來表達(dá)某種隱含或潛在的否定意義。本文在借鑒前人研究并通過語料分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出語用否定可分為語用前提否定和含意否定。并進(jìn)一步提出,漢英語用前提否定的次類均可分為否定特指意義、否定或轉(zhuǎn)移話題、出現(xiàn)對比重音等類型;漢英含意否定的次類均可分為對應(yīng)項(xiàng)程度或信息增加、對應(yīng)項(xiàng)風(fēng)格或色彩不同、對應(yīng)項(xiàng)語音或語法差異等類型。漢英語用否定既有相似又有差異。二者的相似性體現(xiàn)在:對應(yīng)項(xiàng)內(nèi)容增加類的漢英含意否定使用頻率近似。這可能是因?yàn)闈h英含意否定都具有設(shè)置懸念功能�；谡J(rèn)知語言學(xué)視角,漢英語用否定的共性是以言談雙方共同的認(rèn)知范疇為基礎(chǔ)的。兩者的具體使用差異體現(xiàn)在:就語用前提否定而言,英語中特指否定使用頻率比漢語的明顯偏高。這可能由于以英語為母語的人表達(dá)一般更具體、更直接,所以特指否定類相對較多。在含意否定中,對應(yīng)項(xiàng)程度增加類的漢語使用頻率明顯比英語高。這可能和漢英母語者文化背景差異有關(guān)。漢語本族語者通常不會(huì)完全否定一個(gè)人的話,更傾向于在言者原先內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上稍作修改,這樣可以更加保全對方面子�？傮w而言,漢英語用否定的具體使用差異源于二者不同的語言認(rèn)知方式。本研究具有一定的理論和實(shí)踐意義。理論上,語用否定研究能加深對前提和含意的理解,對語用學(xué)理論發(fā)展具有一定促進(jìn)作用。實(shí)踐中,在對外漢語教學(xué)過程中,漢英語用否定的異同分析和比較能促進(jìn)教師對照講解,有助于學(xué)生更準(zhǔn)確理解語用否定;在漢—英翻譯中,譯者首先需要鑒別源語是否屬于語用否定現(xiàn)象,若源語為語用否定,雖然此現(xiàn)象可翻譯為其他形式,但根據(jù)翻譯的忠實(shí)原則,譯者需將其譯為語用否定;而且,漢英語用否定現(xiàn)象大多可譯為“A+B”結(jié)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:Pragmatic negation is an important content of pragmatic concern. Most previous discussions between pragmatic negation and semantic negation, but directly to the study of negative pragmatic not thorough enough, and there are differences in many aspects including the overall classification of pragmatic negation, subcategorization pragmatic negation, negation of the similarities and differences between Chinese English, the application of negation with Chinese and English. Pragmatic negation refers to in certain contexts, is suitable for the current needs or to achieve a specific purpose, through specific means and negative words "conditions" to express a certain meaning or implied negation potential. Based on the previous research and through data analysis, put forward the pragmatic negation can be classified as pragmatic negation the premise of negation and implication. Furthermore, a Chinese English class can be divided into negative negative premise to negative meaning, or the transfer of the subject, and other types of Chinese English contrast accent; meaning No class can be divided into corresponding degree or information increase, corresponding different style or color, corresponding voice or grammatical differences between Chinese English negative types. There are a lot of similarities and differences. The similarity of the two reflected in the corresponding content increasing class of English implicative negation use frequency this approximation. Probably because Chinese and English have implicative negation suspense. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics based on Chinese and English with negation is common to both sides of the discourse based cognitive category. The use of specific differences embodied in: pragmatic presupposition negation, negation in English usage frequency is significantly higher than Chinese. This may be due to native English speakers express general more specific, more direct, so relatively more negation. In implicative negation, the increased use of Chinese class than English. This high frequency English speakers may and different cultural backgrounds. Chinese native speakers are usually not completely negate a person, tend to be based on the original content were slightly modified, it can preserve the other face. More generally, cognitive style in two different languages of Chinese and English with the source specific negative. Has the difference some theoretical and practical significance of this study. In theory, pragmatic negation research can deepen the understanding of the premise and meaning, has a certain role in promoting the development of pragmatic theory. In practice, in the process of TCFL, Chinese and English by the analysis and comparison of similarities and differences between the negative control can promote the teacher to explain, to help students an accurate understanding of the pragmatic negation; in Chinese English translation, the translator needs to distinguish whether the source language belongs to pragmatic negation, if the source language is pragmatic negation, although this phenomenon can be translated into the other Form, but according to the principle of faithfulness of translation, the translator should translate it into pragmatic negation; moreover, most of the negative phenomena in Chinese and English can be translated into the "A+B" structure.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H136;H313

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 朱軍;;“行了”的語用否定功能[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);2016年03期

2 溫鎖林;;一種特殊的語用否定:隱喻式否定[J];當(dāng)代修辭學(xué);2010年03期

3 汲克龍;;“話題——說明”模式與漢語句法研究[J];宜春學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2007年S1期

4 馮學(xué)民;王珍;;淺析漢語交際中的隱性語用否定[J];河北北方學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2007年01期

5 李瑩;;論語用否定的形成機(jī)理和使用意義[J];河南教育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2006年03期

6 楊先順;語用否定的邏輯分析[J];自然辯證法研究;2005年01期

7 戴耀晶;試說“冗余否定”[J];修辭學(xué)習(xí);2004年02期

8 史塵封;論語用否定[J];修辭學(xué)習(xí);2004年02期

9 惠秀梅;試論俄語中的否定提升[J];中國俄語教學(xué);2004年01期

10 高航;元語否定的認(rèn)知語用分析[J];四川外語學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2003年02期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 張煥香;漢英雙重否定范疇研究[D];首都師范大學(xué);2012年

2 王志英;現(xiàn)代漢語特殊否定現(xiàn)象認(rèn)知研究[D];上海師范大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 石佳;語用否定的梯度性：語法語用互動(dòng)視角[D];東北師范大學(xué);2015年

2 梁欣然;幽默言語中語用否定研究[D];江西師范大學(xué);2014年

3 蓋麗娜;關(guān)于語用否定的語用分析[D];上海外國語大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號(hào)：1649305