本文關鍵詞： 修辭情境 國情咨文 同一 修辭策略　出處：《鄭州大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：修辭情境是當代西方修辭學尚存在爭議的概念之一。1968年,比徹爾發(fā)表《修辭情境》一文,首次系統(tǒng)地闡述了修辭情境的本質、構成、作用等,為修辭學開辟了一個嶄新的領域�？夏崴埂げ耸切滦揶o學的奠基人。1973年,他把修辭擴大到人類的生存環(huán)境。在對修辭情境進行深入研究時,伯克提出了同一理論,這是修辭學研究的一大飛躍,為現(xiàn)代修辭批評提供了一個重要的視角。美國國情咨文的聽眾不再局限于美國國內(nèi),不僅僅包括國會議員和美國普通民眾,還有來自世界各國的民眾。美國總統(tǒng)提前備好演講稿,通過修辭語篇與民眾達成同一從而取得一定的修辭效果。從修辭角度對其研究具有重要意義。本文探討了修辭情境理論,并指出比徹爾修辭情境理論的不足,進而引入肯尼斯·伯克的同一理論,將二者相互結合,形成新的比徹爾-伯克修辭情境模式,作為該論文的理論框架。在研究方法上,本文采取定性分析的方法。從美國白宮網(wǎng)站上選取奧巴馬總統(tǒng)2016年國情咨文演說作為研究語料。首先,文章分析了國情咨文的修辭情境。然后,在剖析緊急狀態(tài)、聽眾和限制因素的基礎上,從內(nèi)容和形式上來論述奧巴馬如何與聽眾形成同一,從而實現(xiàn)演講的目的。本研究表明政治演講依賴特定的政治情境。奧巴馬善于分析所處修辭情境中的三大要素,能夠很好地辨別出緊急狀態(tài),把握聽眾,運用修辭話語達到對應的修辭效果。為了實現(xiàn)與聽眾的同一,奧巴馬多次使用修辭策略。內(nèi)容上,奧巴馬主要采用了同情同一,對立同一和誤同三種認同方式。形式上,奧巴馬主要采用了規(guī)約形式,重復形式,前進形式和修辭格形式四種認同形式。這些修辭策略使奧巴馬的國情咨文更具有說服力,利于奧巴馬與聽眾之間形成同一,進而取得了良好的修辭效果。本研究也再次證明奧巴馬是一位杰出的演說家。該研究也使得人們對修辭情境理論和同一理論有了進一步的了解。同時它也擴大了這些理論的應用領域,為人們解讀演講語篇提供了另外的視角。此外,本研究可以幫助學生學會如何進行修辭批評,因而對英語教學也有一定的指導意義。
[Abstract]:Rhetorical context is one of the controversial concepts in contemporary western rhetoric. In 1968, Beachell published the rhetoric situation, which for the first time systematically expounded the essence, composition and function of rhetorical situation. It opens a new field for rhetoric. Kenneth Burke is the founder of new rhetoric. In 1973, he extended rhetoric to the human environment. Burke put forward the same theory, which is a big leap in rhetoric research and provides an important perspective for modern rhetoric criticism. The audience of the State of the Union address is no longer confined to the United States. Not just members of Congress and ordinary Americans, but also people from around the world. The president prepared his speech ahead of time. This paper discusses the theory of rhetorical situation and points out the deficiency of Beachell's theory of situational rhetoric. And then we introduce Kenneth Burke's theory of the same and combine the two together to form a new Beachell Burke rhetorical situational model as the theoretical framework of this thesis. This paper adopts the qualitative analysis method. It selects President Obama's State of the Union address on 2016 from the White House website as the research corpus. First, the article analyzes the rhetoric situation of the State of the Union address. Then it analyzes the situation of the State of the Union address. Based on the analysis of states of emergency, audience and constraints, this paper discusses how Obama and his audience form the same in terms of content and form. In order to achieve the purpose of speech. This study shows that political speech depends on specific political situation. Obama is good at analyzing the three elements of the rhetorical situation in order to distinguish the state of emergency and grasp the audience. In order to achieve the same with the audience, Obama used rhetorical strategies many times. In the content, Obama mainly adopted sympathy for the same. There are three ways of identity: opposites and misunderstandings. In form, Obama mainly adopts the form of statute and the form of repetition. These rhetorical strategies make Obama's State of the Union address more persuasive and conducive to the formation of the same between Obama and the audience. This study also proves that Obama is an outstanding orator. The study has also made people have a better understanding of the theory of rhetorical situation and the same theory. At the same time, it has also expanded. The application of these theories. In addition, this study can help students learn how to make rhetorical criticism, which is helpful to the teaching of English.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H315

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