載瓦語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-05 13:44
【摘要】：載瓦語(yǔ)是景頗族載瓦支系使用的一種語(yǔ)言,它與緬甸、阿昌、浪速、勒期、波拉、仙島等語(yǔ)言同屬漢藏語(yǔ)系藏緬語(yǔ)族緬語(yǔ)支。載瓦語(yǔ)主要分為龍準(zhǔn)、迸瓦兩種方言。載瓦人跨境而居,國(guó)內(nèi)主要分布于云南省德宏州芒市、盈江、隴川、瑞麗等縣市,人口占境內(nèi)景頗族總?cè)丝诘牧芍?約八萬(wàn)余人;境外主要分布于緬甸克欽邦境內(nèi),其中恩邁卡、邁立卡兩江以東的下游地帶為聚居區(qū),人口不詳。本論文《載瓦語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音研究》所用到的載瓦語(yǔ)語(yǔ)料均來(lái)自德宏州境內(nèi),其中,芒市志丹村語(yǔ)料貫穿全篇,盈江魯洛、隴川龍門、瑞麗戶瓦等三個(gè)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)的語(yǔ)料主要出現(xiàn)在第1章“載瓦語(yǔ)方言系屬”及附錄1“載瓦語(yǔ)方音詞表及方音簡(jiǎn)介”兩部分,用于說(shuō)明載瓦語(yǔ)方音差異及各自語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)的音系描寫。本論文從共時(shí)和歷時(shí)兩個(gè)層面對(duì)載瓦語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音進(jìn)行了較為詳盡的描寫和分析。共時(shí)層面的研究主要描寫芒市五岔路鄉(xiāng)志丹村載瓦語(yǔ)的聲韻調(diào)系統(tǒng),并對(duì)其聲母、韻母、聲調(diào)等部分作較深入地分析。歷時(shí)研究則重在運(yùn)用歷史層次分析法,分析載瓦語(yǔ)詞匯的本體層和外借層,比較的范圍主要限于載瓦語(yǔ)同漢語(yǔ)、緬甸語(yǔ)之間,研究旨在揭示語(yǔ)言演變的一些規(guī)律。此外,本文歷時(shí)層面的研究還包括載瓦語(yǔ)形態(tài)分析、緬語(yǔ)支形態(tài)等相關(guān)問(wèn)題。論文分為五個(gè)部分:第1章緒論:這一章分為三個(gè)部分。第一部分“族屬及民族流變”對(duì)景頗族和載瓦支系進(jìn)行概述,主要從文獻(xiàn)記載、口傳歷史、民族認(rèn)定、民族分布等幾個(gè)方面對(duì)景頗族的總體情況作了簡(jiǎn)要概述。并基于此,從支系概況、源流爭(zhēng)議、方言系屬及其文字使用情況等不同角度對(duì)載瓦支系作比較全面的介紹,為后面的語(yǔ)音描寫和分析作鋪墊,提供理?yè)?jù);第二部分“載瓦語(yǔ)研究回顧”從國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)外兩方面對(duì)載瓦語(yǔ)的研究狀況進(jìn)行回顧;第三部分“研究設(shè)計(jì)”對(duì)本論文的研究?jī)r(jià)值和研究方法以及所用到的田野調(diào)查法、描寫語(yǔ)言學(xué)、實(shí)驗(yàn)語(yǔ)音學(xué)、語(yǔ)素分析法、歷史層次分析法、歷史比較語(yǔ)言學(xué)等現(xiàn)代前沿理論和方法作簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明,并對(duì)本論文語(yǔ)料來(lái)源作適當(dāng)介紹和說(shuō)明。第2章載瓦語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音系統(tǒng):對(duì)載瓦語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)描寫,并對(duì)其聲母、韻母、聲調(diào)等部分中亟待解決的專題作描寫和分析。同時(shí),嘗試運(yùn)用韻律、區(qū)別特征矩陣等音系學(xué)理論對(duì)載瓦語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行描寫。這一部分由以下幾個(gè)版塊組成:(1)載瓦語(yǔ)的聲韻調(diào);(2)載瓦語(yǔ)的音節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu);(3)載瓦語(yǔ)元音、輔音和聲調(diào)的區(qū)別特征矩陣;(4)載瓦語(yǔ)聲韻配合關(guān)系。第3章語(yǔ)言接觸視域中的載瓦語(yǔ):本章從語(yǔ)言接觸的視角對(duì)載瓦語(yǔ)同周邊語(yǔ)言之間的關(guān)系作簡(jiǎn)要分析,試圖在同一民族內(nèi)部諸語(yǔ)言以及載瓦語(yǔ)同周邊幾種民族語(yǔ)言等多語(yǔ)種框架下探討各語(yǔ)言之間的關(guān)系。這部分主要由以下幾個(gè)版塊組成:(1)同一民族內(nèi)部的諸語(yǔ)言之間的關(guān)系(內(nèi)容包括載瓦語(yǔ)同勒期、浪速、波拉以及景頗等語(yǔ)言之間的關(guān)系);(2)載瓦語(yǔ)同周邊民族語(yǔ)言之間的關(guān)系(主要分析與傣、德昂兩種語(yǔ)言之間的關(guān)系)。第4章載瓦語(yǔ)的歷時(shí)研究:本章與第二、第三章在內(nèi)容上互為補(bǔ)充,聯(lián)系緊密。是一個(gè)問(wèn)題的兩個(gè)不同方面。第二、第三章側(cè)重于載瓦語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音的共時(shí)描寫,本章則重在作歷時(shí)比較與分析。共時(shí)描寫可以為歷時(shí)分析作鋪墊,歷時(shí)分析的成果又反過(guò)來(lái)促使共時(shí)描寫做得更加深入。本章分作以下幾個(gè)部分:(1)原中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院少數(shù)民族語(yǔ)言調(diào)查第三工作隊(duì)有關(guān)載瓦語(yǔ)的調(diào)查材料之語(yǔ)音辨析;(2)載瓦語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)、緬甸語(yǔ)的關(guān)系詞比較及其歷史層次分析;(3)載瓦語(yǔ)的形態(tài)。第5章余論:對(duì)前述的觀點(diǎn)及所用到的研究方法作些補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,并提出筆者的一些困惑與展望。附錄:附錄1“載瓦語(yǔ)方音詞表及方音簡(jiǎn)介”,包括載瓦語(yǔ)方音詞表及載瓦語(yǔ)方言點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)介兩個(gè)部分;附錄2“載瓦語(yǔ)聲韻配合表”,簡(jiǎn)要給出了載瓦語(yǔ)聲韻配合表,說(shuō)明載瓦語(yǔ)聲韻之間的相互制約關(guān)系。本研究的創(chuàng)新處:1、本研究首次以近萬(wàn)條詞匯的規(guī)模,對(duì)載瓦語(yǔ)進(jìn)行語(yǔ)素切分,在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行共時(shí)音系分析,歷史比較與歷史層次分析。2、本研究首次提供近萬(wàn)條詞語(yǔ)的載瓦語(yǔ)有聲數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。3、本研究首次把載瓦語(yǔ)的使動(dòng)范疇放在漢藏語(yǔ)的大框架下作歷史來(lái)源分析,指出載瓦語(yǔ)使動(dòng)屈折手段都來(lái)自s-前綴,并且作出語(yǔ)音上的解釋。4、本研究在藏緬語(yǔ)近音與濁擦音的大框架下,把前人的聲母描寫系統(tǒng)中的濁擦音v、?改為近音?、?。使載瓦語(yǔ)的聲母系統(tǒng)更加系統(tǒng)化,更加可解釋。5、本研究吸取近人的音節(jié)理論,對(duì)載瓦語(yǔ)的音節(jié)作音節(jié)音系學(xué)的分析。6、本研究首次對(duì)載瓦語(yǔ)的漢語(yǔ)關(guān)系詞作歷史層次分析,特別是上古/同源層的分析,很多是前人沒(méi)有做過(guò)的。
[Abstract]:The language is a kind of language used by Jingpo, which is in the same language as Myanmar, Achang, wave speed, lehr, Polla and Xiandao. The Chinese language is mainly divided into two dialects. The carrier is a cross-border and domestic, and the country is mainly distributed in the counties, such as the Mangshi, Yingjiang, Longchuan and Ruili, Yunnan Province. The population accounts for about 60% of the total population of Jingpo nationality in the country. The population is mainly distributed in the territory of Kachin State of Myanmar. The downstream of the east of the Meilika River is a colony, and the population is not known. In this paper, the data of the language used in the study of the speech in the Chinese language are all from the territory of Dehong, among which, the materials of the three language points, such as the whole, the Yingjiang, Longchuan Longmen and the Ruili, are mainly found in the first "Waxian" and the first "A brief introduction to the word list and the square-tone of the language-bearing language" of Appendix 1. It is used to describe the difference of the partials and the description of the phonology of the respective language points. This paper gives a detailed description and analysis of the speech of the carrier language from both the common and the diachronic aspects. The research of the common-time dimension mainly describes the sound-and-tone system of the village-bearing language of Zhidan Village, Wujihau Township, Mimeng, and analyses the initial consonants, finals, and tones in depth. The duration of the study is to use the historical level analysis method to analyze the body layer and the outer layer of the language-carrying words. The scope of the comparison is mainly limited to the Chinese and Chinese, and the research is aimed at revealing some laws of the evolution of the language. In addition, the study of the diachronic level of this paper also includes the analysis of the form of the bearing language, the form of the Chinese language and the like. The paper is divided into five parts: Chapter 1: Introduction: This chapter is divided into three parts. The first part of the "Family and National Rheology" is a brief introduction to the general situation of Jingpo people from the aspects of the literature, the history of oral transmission, the national identification, the national distribution and so on. Based on this, the paper gives a comprehensive introduction to the support system from different angles, such as the general situation of the branch system, the source and the source, the dialect and the use of its characters, and provides the basis for the description and analysis of the later speech. The second part of the "A Review of the Study of the Language-bearing Language" is to review the research status of the bearing language from two aspects of the country, and the third part "study design" the research value and the research method of this paper and the field survey method used, the descriptive linguistics, the experimental phonetics, the morpheme analysis method, the historical level analysis method, This paper gives a brief description of the modern frontier theories and methods, such as the comparative linguistics, and gives an appropriate introduction and description of the source of the thesis. The second chapter of the speech system is to describe the system of the speech system, and to describe and analyze the topics to be solved in the initial consonants, the finals, the tone and so on. At the same time, an attempt is made to describe the speech phenomenon in the Chinese language by using the phonology theory such as the prosody and the distinguishing feature matrix. This part is composed of the following blocks: (1) the phonological tone of the bearing language; (2) the syllable structure of the bearing language; (3) the distinguishing feature matrix of the vowel, the consonant and the tone of the bearing language; and (4) the sound and rhyme matching relationship of the bearing language. Chapter 3 is the reading of the language in the visual field: this chapter makes a brief analysis of the relationship between the language and the peripheral language from the perspective of the language contact, and tries to explore the relationship between the languages in the same ethnic group as well as the language of the same ethnic language and so on. This part is mainly composed of the following parts: (1) the relationship between the languages inside the same nation (including the relationship between the language of the language of the language, the wave speed, the wave and the Jingpo, etc.); (2) the relationship between the carrying language and the peripheral national language (main analysis and analysis, The relationship between the two languages. The second chapter and the third chapter are complementary and closely related to the second and the third chapter. It's two different aspects of a problem. Secondly, the third chapter focuses on the common-time description of the voice of the language, and the chapter is the comparison and analysis. The common-time description can be the base of the diachronic analysis, and the results of the diachronic analysis, in turn, have contributed to the more in-depth description. This chapter is divided into the following parts: (1) the analysis of the voice of the third task force of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences on the investigation materials of the reading language; (2) the comparison of the relation words between the Chinese and Chinese and the Chinese and the Chinese and the historical level; and (3) the form of the Chinese language. Chapter 5: To make some supplementary explanations for the above-mentioned ideas and the research methods used, and to put forward some confusion and prospect of the author. The appendix: The "A brief introduction to the word list and the square-tone of the language-bearing language" of Appendix 1, which includes two parts: the Chinese word list of the vehicle and the dialect point of the bearing language, and the "the matching table of the sound and rhyme of the bearing language" of the Appendix 2, gives a brief introduction to the matching table of the voice and rhyme of the Chinese language, and explains the mutual restriction between the Chinese and the Chinese. The innovation of this research:1. The first time this study uses the scale of nearly ten thousand words, and carries on the morpheme segmentation of the bearing language, on the basis of the analysis of the common-time sound system, the historical comparison and the historical level. In this study, the first time of the study is to put the dynamic category of the bearing language in the large frame of the Chinese Tibetan language as a historical source analysis. The initial consonant of the former is described in the system of the turbidite, v,? Change to a near-tone? ,?. This paper makes a more systematic and more detailed analysis of the initial consonant system of the bearing language.5. The study draws on the syllable theory of the near person, and analyses the syllable of the bearing language.6. The first time the study of the Chinese relation of the Chinese language is analyzed, in particular the analysis of the upper and the homologous layers. Many have not done before.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：H259
本文編號(hào)：2493571
[Abstract]:The language is a kind of language used by Jingpo, which is in the same language as Myanmar, Achang, wave speed, lehr, Polla and Xiandao. The Chinese language is mainly divided into two dialects. The carrier is a cross-border and domestic, and the country is mainly distributed in the counties, such as the Mangshi, Yingjiang, Longchuan and Ruili, Yunnan Province. The population accounts for about 60% of the total population of Jingpo nationality in the country. The population is mainly distributed in the territory of Kachin State of Myanmar. The downstream of the east of the Meilika River is a colony, and the population is not known. In this paper, the data of the language used in the study of the speech in the Chinese language are all from the territory of Dehong, among which, the materials of the three language points, such as the whole, the Yingjiang, Longchuan Longmen and the Ruili, are mainly found in the first "Waxian" and the first "A brief introduction to the word list and the square-tone of the language-bearing language" of Appendix 1. It is used to describe the difference of the partials and the description of the phonology of the respective language points. This paper gives a detailed description and analysis of the speech of the carrier language from both the common and the diachronic aspects. The research of the common-time dimension mainly describes the sound-and-tone system of the village-bearing language of Zhidan Village, Wujihau Township, Mimeng, and analyses the initial consonants, finals, and tones in depth. The duration of the study is to use the historical level analysis method to analyze the body layer and the outer layer of the language-carrying words. The scope of the comparison is mainly limited to the Chinese and Chinese, and the research is aimed at revealing some laws of the evolution of the language. In addition, the study of the diachronic level of this paper also includes the analysis of the form of the bearing language, the form of the Chinese language and the like. The paper is divided into five parts: Chapter 1: Introduction: This chapter is divided into three parts. The first part of the "Family and National Rheology" is a brief introduction to the general situation of Jingpo people from the aspects of the literature, the history of oral transmission, the national identification, the national distribution and so on. Based on this, the paper gives a comprehensive introduction to the support system from different angles, such as the general situation of the branch system, the source and the source, the dialect and the use of its characters, and provides the basis for the description and analysis of the later speech. The second part of the "A Review of the Study of the Language-bearing Language" is to review the research status of the bearing language from two aspects of the country, and the third part "study design" the research value and the research method of this paper and the field survey method used, the descriptive linguistics, the experimental phonetics, the morpheme analysis method, the historical level analysis method, This paper gives a brief description of the modern frontier theories and methods, such as the comparative linguistics, and gives an appropriate introduction and description of the source of the thesis. The second chapter of the speech system is to describe the system of the speech system, and to describe and analyze the topics to be solved in the initial consonants, the finals, the tone and so on. At the same time, an attempt is made to describe the speech phenomenon in the Chinese language by using the phonology theory such as the prosody and the distinguishing feature matrix. This part is composed of the following blocks: (1) the phonological tone of the bearing language; (2) the syllable structure of the bearing language; (3) the distinguishing feature matrix of the vowel, the consonant and the tone of the bearing language; and (4) the sound and rhyme matching relationship of the bearing language. Chapter 3 is the reading of the language in the visual field: this chapter makes a brief analysis of the relationship between the language and the peripheral language from the perspective of the language contact, and tries to explore the relationship between the languages in the same ethnic group as well as the language of the same ethnic language and so on. This part is mainly composed of the following parts: (1) the relationship between the languages inside the same nation (including the relationship between the language of the language of the language, the wave speed, the wave and the Jingpo, etc.); (2) the relationship between the carrying language and the peripheral national language (main analysis and analysis, The relationship between the two languages. The second chapter and the third chapter are complementary and closely related to the second and the third chapter. It's two different aspects of a problem. Secondly, the third chapter focuses on the common-time description of the voice of the language, and the chapter is the comparison and analysis. The common-time description can be the base of the diachronic analysis, and the results of the diachronic analysis, in turn, have contributed to the more in-depth description. This chapter is divided into the following parts: (1) the analysis of the voice of the third task force of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences on the investigation materials of the reading language; (2) the comparison of the relation words between the Chinese and Chinese and the Chinese and the Chinese and the historical level; and (3) the form of the Chinese language. Chapter 5: To make some supplementary explanations for the above-mentioned ideas and the research methods used, and to put forward some confusion and prospect of the author. The appendix: The "A brief introduction to the word list and the square-tone of the language-bearing language" of Appendix 1, which includes two parts: the Chinese word list of the vehicle and the dialect point of the bearing language, and the "the matching table of the sound and rhyme of the bearing language" of the Appendix 2, gives a brief introduction to the matching table of the voice and rhyme of the Chinese language, and explains the mutual restriction between the Chinese and the Chinese. The innovation of this research:1. The first time this study uses the scale of nearly ten thousand words, and carries on the morpheme segmentation of the bearing language, on the basis of the analysis of the common-time sound system, the historical comparison and the historical level. In this study, the first time of the study is to put the dynamic category of the bearing language in the large frame of the Chinese Tibetan language as a historical source analysis. The initial consonant of the former is described in the system of the turbidite, v,? Change to a near-tone? ,?. This paper makes a more systematic and more detailed analysis of the initial consonant system of the bearing language.5. The study draws on the syllable theory of the near person, and analyses the syllable of the bearing language.6. The first time the study of the Chinese relation of the Chinese language is analyzed, in particular the analysis of the upper and the homologous layers. Many have not done before.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：H259
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