【摘要】：稱謂語(yǔ)是語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象,是社會(huì)與文化現(xiàn)象,世界上各族語(yǔ)言的稱謂語(yǔ)都擔(dān)當(dāng)著重要的社交禮儀作用,蘊(yùn)含著豐富的文化內(nèi)涵,稱謂語(yǔ)系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)及其用法是民族心理的一面鏡子。不同于很多其他語(yǔ)言,漢語(yǔ)和越南語(yǔ)的親屬稱謂語(yǔ)不僅可以用來(lái)稱呼親屬成員,在言語(yǔ)交際中兩種語(yǔ)言的親屬稱謂語(yǔ)也可用來(lái)稱呼非親屬成員,而且這種擬親屬稱謂非常普遍。在現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)及現(xiàn)代越南語(yǔ)中,親屬稱謂系統(tǒng)都是一個(gè)極其龐大的語(yǔ)言文化系統(tǒng)。研究現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)代越南語(yǔ)的親屬稱謂語(yǔ)是一個(gè)十分有意義的題材,對(duì)兩種語(yǔ)言的親屬稱謂語(yǔ)進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究更加具有重要的理論價(jià)值和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。中國(guó)文化中的儒家思想和宗族制度使得漢語(yǔ)親屬稱謂語(yǔ)系統(tǒng)十分龐雜和精確,越南深受儒家思想、宗法觀念等方面的影響,因而越南語(yǔ)中的親屬稱謂語(yǔ)系統(tǒng)也極為龐大復(fù)雜。進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究漢越現(xiàn)代親屬稱謂語(yǔ),對(duì)研究中越兩國(guó)在某些方面的歷史關(guān)系及文化異同有著較為重大的意義。通過(guò)對(duì)漢語(yǔ)和越南語(yǔ)親屬稱謂語(yǔ)的對(duì)比研究能讓我們更深入地了解兩國(guó)民族文化,進(jìn)一步揭示兩者之間的關(guān)系和各自具有的特征。親屬稱謂語(yǔ)的研究對(duì)于促進(jìn)語(yǔ)言的深入研究有著重要的意義。在進(jìn)行對(duì)比之前,必須先充分總結(jié)分析前人對(duì)漢語(yǔ)和越南語(yǔ)稱謂語(yǔ)的研究成果,進(jìn)一步探討未得到充分研究的問(wèn)題。這一工作顯然有助于漢語(yǔ)和越南語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言本體研究。漢語(yǔ)和越南語(yǔ)龐大復(fù)雜的親屬稱謂語(yǔ)系統(tǒng)無(wú)疑會(huì)給跨文化交際帶來(lái)不少障礙,給漢越語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者、教學(xué)者以及翻譯工作者造成不可忽視的困擾。漢越親屬稱謂語(yǔ)對(duì)比研究在加深對(duì)語(yǔ)言的認(rèn)識(shí)和文化的了解的同時(shí),可實(shí)現(xiàn)其重要的實(shí)踐價(jià)值——消除跨文化交際時(shí)因語(yǔ)言、文化差異而產(chǎn)生的誤解和沖突。我們以中越等國(guó)語(yǔ)言研究學(xué)者即有的理論成果和研究視角為指導(dǎo),分別對(duì)漢、越語(yǔ)現(xiàn)代親屬稱謂語(yǔ)系統(tǒng)的比較;漢、越親屬稱謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞成分特點(diǎn)分析比較;漢、越親屬稱謂語(yǔ)的泛化現(xiàn)象比較；漢、越親屬稱謂語(yǔ)文化內(nèi)涵上的共性與差異分析以及漢、越語(yǔ)親屬稱謂語(yǔ)對(duì)比與漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)應(yīng)用等方面進(jìn)行描述比較,盡可能全面地展示兩種語(yǔ)言親屬稱謂語(yǔ)之間各方面的異同,希望此項(xiàng)對(duì)比研究工作的成果對(duì)中越文化及漢語(yǔ)、越南語(yǔ)教學(xué)、研究和翻譯實(shí)踐工作等提供有價(jià)值的幫助。
[Abstract]:Appellation is a linguistic phenomenon, a social and cultural phenomenon. The appellation of all languages in the world plays an important role in social etiquette and contains rich cultural connotations. The characteristics and usage of the appellation system are a mirror of national psychology. Different from many other languages, Chinese and Vietnamese kinship appellations can not only be used to address kinship members, but also can be used to address non-relative members in verbal communication, and this kind of kinship-like address is very common. In modern Chinese and modern Vietnamese, kinship appellation system is a huge language and culture system. The study of kinship terms in modern Chinese and Vietnamese is a very meaningful subject. It is of great theoretical and practical value to make a contrastive study of kinship terms between the two languages. The Confucian thought and clan system in Chinese culture make the Chinese kinship address system very complex and precise. Vietnam is deeply influenced by Confucianism, patriarchal concept and so on. Therefore, the kinship address system in Vietnamese is also very large and complex. It is of great significance to study the historical relations and cultural similarities and differences between China and Vietnam in some aspects by contrastive study of modern kinship terms between China and Vietnam. Through the contrastive study of Chinese and Vietnamese kinship terms, we can get a deeper understanding of the national culture of the two countries, and further reveal the relationship between them and their respective characteristics. The study of kinship terms is of great significance to the further study of language. Before we make a comparison, we must fully summarize and analyze the achievements of previous researches on Chinese and Vietnamese address forms, and further discuss the problems that have not been fully studied. This work is obviously helpful to the study of language ontology in Chinese and Vietnamese. The large and complex kinship address system in Chinese and Vietnamese will undoubtedly bring many obstacles to cross-cultural communication, which can not be ignored by Chinese-Vietnamese language learners, educators and translators. The contrastive study of Chinese and Vietnamese kinship terms can not only deepen the understanding of language and culture, but also realize its important practical value, that is, to eliminate misunderstandings and conflicts arising from linguistic and cultural differences in cross-cultural communication. Under the guidance of the theoretical achievements and research perspectives of Chinese and Vietnamese scholars, we compare the modern kinship appellation systems between Chinese and Vietnamese, analyze and compare the constituent features of Chinese and Vietnamese kinship appellations, analyze and compare the characteristics of Chinese and Vietnamese kinship appellation components, and make a comparison between Chinese and Vietnamese kinship appellations. The comparison of the generalization of kinship appellation between Han and Yue; The analysis of the similarities and differences in the cultural connotation of Chinese and Vietnamese kinship appellations, as well as the comparison between Chinese and Vietnamese kinship appellations and the application of Chinese teaching, shows the similarities and differences between the two languages in all aspects as far as possible. It is hoped that the results of this contrastive study will provide valuable help for Chinese and Vietnamese culture, Chinese, Vietnamese language teaching, research and translation practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：H136;H44

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