《世說新語》人學(xué)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-24 16:53
【摘要】：作為主要記述魏晉上層社會(huì)人物“言”、“行”的承載體——《世說新語》，它向接受者開啟了一扇“窗”，透過此“窗”，我們可窺知《世說新語》所涉人物之較為真實(shí)的“存在”。 本文嘗試從“人學(xué)”角度全面、深入地解讀《世說新語》，對(duì)其中所涉的人物之生存狀況、人倫、人性、人生觀，進(jìn)行深度挖掘與系統(tǒng)闡述。全文共包括五個(gè)部分，主要內(nèi)容如下： 緒論部分，對(duì)本文開展研究前的研究基礎(chǔ)作出說明。其一，對(duì)論文的選題，進(jìn)行釋解；交代本文的研究?jī)r(jià)值，邏輯構(gòu)架；以及本論文所引《世說新語》及其注解的文本，進(jìn)行必要之說明。其二，對(duì)《世說新語》研究的已有研究成果，進(jìn)行述論；梳理大陸地區(qū)相關(guān)的主要博士論文，臺(tái)灣地區(qū)碩、博士論文，以及相關(guān)的代表性專著。其三，交代本文擬解決的關(guān)鍵問題、研究方法及章節(jié)的架構(gòu)。 第一章，，對(duì)《世說新語》中人的生存狀況，作總體考察。本章的考察涵蓋“世說人物”之生存相關(guān)的典型方面，當(dāng)然這個(gè)探討范圍也有一定限制，是以《世說新語》記述的內(nèi)容為主要的材料庫。本章所論，涉及與人生存相關(guān)的自然需求層面、社會(huì)層面、精神層面的內(nèi)容，是一個(gè)較為全面的研討。本章重點(diǎn)考察《世說新語》中所涉人物的生存狀況。從《世說新語》中人的生存之特征來看，有：“物質(zhì)生存資料的困頓與奢靡”，“充斥暴力的生存”“個(gè)體‘失范’的生存之態(tài)”，“‘世說人物’精神的困厄”，“世說人物’之間的‘內(nèi)斗’”，“不缺席的‘閑逸’”，諸種特征。接著，論文闡述了《世說新語》中所涉人物之生存狀況的成因，主要有：“人禍”與“天災(zāi)”，導(dǎo)致“世說人物”物質(zhì)之困頓與奢靡；缺乏制衡力的“社會(huì)關(guān)系”，讓“世說人物”之生存充斥暴力；思想之多元，促使個(gè)體“失范”生存之態(tài)的凸顯；個(gè)體人物自身深層的不安全感，導(dǎo)致“世說人物”精神的困厄；利益的糾葛，導(dǎo)致人物間的“內(nèi)斗”；“世說人物”內(nèi)心積郁的自發(fā)紓解，要求“閑逸”之生存。最后，此章節(jié)討論了《世說新語》中所涉人物的生存“展示”之意義，可概括為：其一，便于接受者深度理解《世說新語》之內(nèi)蘊(yùn)；其二，引發(fā)接受者對(duì)自身生存狀況的反思，不斷提升個(gè)體之生存體驗(yàn)。 第二章，主要從人的社會(huì)屬性方面來談《世說新語》人學(xué)研究之中牽涉到的人倫問題。本章著重討論人學(xué)研究視野下的《世說新語》中的人倫問題。從《世說新語》中所涉的人倫關(guān)系來看，主要有以下特征：重視君臣之人倫；倡導(dǎo)孝敬父母之人倫；門第化的婚配之人倫；夫婦之“深情”人倫；母子之“情深”人倫；朋友間的“信義”人倫；不乏“失范”的人倫。而從《世說新語》中人倫之成因來看，可歸結(jié)為：其一，社會(huì)發(fā)展對(duì)基本人倫秩序的要求；其二，個(gè)體對(duì)人倫秩序的自發(fā)維護(hù)，這兩點(diǎn)是構(gòu)建《世說新語》之人倫關(guān)系風(fēng)貌的兩大基本成因。最后，本章討論了《世說新語》中人倫“展示”之啟示：其一，人倫為人類生命更好地存在，構(gòu)建了良好的屏障；其二，對(duì)構(gòu)建現(xiàn)今社會(huì)所需的和諧人倫關(guān)系，有積極的啟示意義。 第三章，對(duì)《世說新語》所涉的人物之人性“風(fēng)貌”，進(jìn)行探究。就《世說新語》所涉的人學(xué)內(nèi)容而言，人性內(nèi)容的探討，傾向于從人之自然屬性的層面來探討。當(dāng)然這部分內(nèi)容也不完全是“自然層面”的，就此部分的整體內(nèi)容構(gòu)架而言，探討人自然屬性之中的人性內(nèi)容所占的比重較大。本章著重討論“世說人物”的人性。從《世說新語》所承載的內(nèi)容來看，該書為接受者呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)紛繁復(fù)雜的人性圖景，其中有“光輝”人性之展示，有“灰暗”人性之書寫。從《世說新語》中述及的有關(guān)人物“光輝”人性特征來看，有：“人性之善”，“品性高尚”，“樂于贊美別人”，“求美之人性”，諸種特征。而《世說新語》中的“光輝”人性之成因，主要有：“世說人物”之覺悟與理智，促人性之善；品性高尚，源于良好本性；尋找精神“標(biāo)桿”，贊賞他者；愛美之天性，促人求美。本章亦討論了《世說新語》中“光輝”人性“展示”之啟示，其一，人性之光輝，改善了“世說人物”的生存之態(tài)；其二，人性之光輝，讓“世說人物”共享和諧之生存環(huán)境；其三，人性之光輝，符合“世說人物”之根本利益。本章還討論了《世說新語》中所涉人物的“灰暗”人性。就“世說人物”的“灰暗”人性之特征來看，可概括為仇恨、狡詐、嫉妒、暴戾、放縱、貪婪，諸種特征。而從《世說新語》中灰暗人性之成因來說，有以下原因：其一，特定的社會(huì)生存現(xiàn)實(shí)使然；其二，繁雜社會(huì)關(guān)系網(wǎng)的“糾葛”；其三，個(gè)人趨利自保的秉性驅(qū)使。最后，本章還討論了《世說新語》中“灰暗”人性“展示”的意義，主要有：其一，作為承載先人真實(shí)人性的文字“化石”；其二，啟示個(gè)體“重新審視”自身人性之弱點(diǎn)；其三，拓寬了志人文學(xué)發(fā)展之途�？梢哉f，《世說新語》給我們打開一扇“幽深”的人性之窗，我們?cè)谔綄づc研讀該典籍的同時(shí)，也加深了接受者對(duì)自身人性的思索。 第四章，對(duì)“世說人物”的人生觀方面的內(nèi)容，進(jìn)行探討。當(dāng)然，本文各章節(jié)的內(nèi)容討論，或有交叉，這也是相關(guān)內(nèi)容的牽涉造成的。本章重點(diǎn)討論《世說新語》中所涉人物之人生觀。就“世說人物”人生觀之特征而言，有“世說人物”積極地入仕求官，企慕“愜意”的人生之態(tài)；亦有及時(shí)為樂者，他們對(duì)生活有著虛無感，試圖在“行樂”中獲得人生的快意。“世說人物”中的主張“入世”者，在“入世”之中，確證個(gè)體生命存在的意義，發(fā)揮人生之價(jià)值�！妒勒f新語》所涉人物亦有提倡“閑適”生存者，他們的自我意識(shí)強(qiáng)烈，十分關(guān)注人自身與自然之美，常感嘆人生之無常，生命之短暫，試圖讓今生過得充足，增加生命寬度、厚度。而就“世說人物”的及時(shí)行樂觀而言，多與個(gè)體自身之因素有關(guān)，或另有“隱情”；他們所倡導(dǎo)或暫時(shí)沉溺于及時(shí)行樂中，是對(duì)人生之無常的抗拒。當(dāng)然，《世說新語》中的各類型人生觀的展示，亦滲透著編纂者劉義慶的復(fù)雜人生觀念。 第五章，結(jié)語部分，對(duì)全文之研究，進(jìn)行總體性概述。綜而言之，《世說新語》人學(xué)研究，展示了“世說人物”的生存之態(tài)，深究了“世說人物”的人倫狀況，揭示了“世說人物”的人性“風(fēng)貌”，探索了“世說人物”的人生觀。在研究之中，我們解答了諸多關(guān)于《世說新語》、《世說新語》所涉人物、編纂者、接受者相關(guān)的疑問；而對(duì)相關(guān)問題的探索，依然空間較大，富有價(jià)值，充滿著誘惑。
[Abstract]:As the main body of describing "words" and "deeds" of the upper social figures in Wei and Jin Dynasties, Shishuo Xinyu opened a "window" to the recipients. Through this "window", we can see the more real "existence" of the characters involved in Shishuo Xinyu.
This paper attempts to comprehensively and thoroughly interpret Shishuo Xinyu from the perspective of human studies, and to dig and systematically expound the living conditions, human relations, human nature and outlook on life of the characters involved in it.
The first part is to explain the topic of the paper, explain the value and logical framework of the study, and explain the texts of Shishuoxinyu and its annotations. Third, explain the key issues, research methods and the structure of the chapters.
Chapter One makes a general survey of the living conditions of the people in Shishuo Xinyu. This chapter covers the typical aspects related to the existence of the "Shishuo Xinyu" characters. Of course, the scope of this study is limited to a certain extent. It is based on the contents of Shishuo Xinyu. This chapter focuses on the living conditions of the characters involved in Shishuoxinyu. According to the characteristics of people's existence in Shishuoxinyu, there are: the dilemma and extravagance of material means of existence, the existence full of violence, the existence of individual's anomie, the existence of the world. Then, the paper expounds the causes of the existence of the characters involved in Shishuo Xinyu, mainly including: man-made calamity and natural calamity, which lead to the material difficulties and luxuries of Shishuo Xinyu, lack of checks and balances. The "social relationship" of power makes the existence of the "world-telling characters" full of violence; the pluralism of ideas makes the individual's "anomie" existential state prominent; the deep insecurity of individual characters leads to the spiritual dilemma of the "world-telling characters"; the tangle of interests leads to the "internal struggle" among the characters; and the depression of the "world-telling characters" heart. Finally, this chapter discusses the significance of "showing" the existence of the characters involved in "Shi Shuo Xin Yu". It can be summarized as follows: firstly, it is easy for the recipient to understand the connotation of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu". secondly, it triggers the recipient to reflect on their own living conditions and constantly enhance the individual survival experience.
Chapter Two discusses the human relations involved in the study of Shi Shuo Xin Yu from the perspective of social attributes. This chapter focuses on the human relations in Shi Shuo Xin Yu from the perspective of human studies. Human relations; family marriage; couple's "affection" human relations; mother and son's "affection" human relations; friend's "faith" human relations; there is no lack of "anomie" human relations. The spontaneous maintenance of the order is the two basic reasons for the construction of the human relations in Shishuo Xinyu. Finally, this chapter discusses the Enlightenment of the human relations "display" in Shishuo Xinyu: first, human relations have constructed a good barrier for the better existence of human life; second, they have a positive impact on the construction of harmonious human relations needed by modern society. Enlightenment.
Chapter Three explores the human nature of the characters involved in Shishuo Xinyu. As far as the humanistic content involved in Shishuo Xinyu is concerned, the discussion of human nature tends to be carried out from the perspective of the natural attributes of human beings. Of course, this part of the content is not entirely from the "natural level". As far as the overall content framework of this part is concerned, the discussion is made. This chapter focuses on the human nature of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu". From the content of Shi Shuo Xin Yu, the book presents a complicated picture of human nature for the recipient, including the display of "brilliant" human nature and the writing of "gray" human nature. From the perspective of the human nature characteristics of the "glorious" characters, there are "goodness of human nature", "nobility of character", "pleasure in praising others" and "human nature in pursuit of beauty". The causes of the "glorious" human nature in Shishuoxinyu are mainly the consciousness and reason of the "worldly character" to promote the goodness of human nature, and the nobility of character originates from the good nature. This chapter also discusses the Enlightenment of "glorious" human nature in Shishuo Xinyu. First, the glory of human nature has improved the living environment of "Shishuo characters"; second, the glory of human nature enables "Shishuo characters" to share a harmonious living environment. This chapter also discusses the "dark" human nature of the characters involved in Shishuo Xinyu. In terms of the "dark" human nature of Shishuo Xinyu, it can be summarized as hatred, cunning, jealousy, violent, indulgence, greed and other characteristics. There are the following reasons: first, the specific reality of social survival; secondly, the complex social network of "entanglement"; thirdly, the personality of self-interest driven. Finally, this chapter also discusses the "dark" in the "Shishuoxinyu" human nature "show" significance, mainly as: first, as a carrier of the real human nature of the forefathers of the text "fossils" Secondly, it enlightens individuals to "re-examine" their own weaknesses in human nature; thirdly, it broadens the path of the development of Zhi-ren literature.
Chapter Four discusses the contents of the outlook on life of "Shishuo characters". Of course, the contents of the chapters in this paper are discussed or overlapped. This chapter focuses on the outlook on life of the characters involved in "Shishuo Xinyu". As far as the characteristics of the outlook on life of "Shishuo characters", there are "Shishuo characters" positively. Those who advocate "joining the WTO" in the "World Talk Characters" affirm the significance of individual life and give full play to the value of life in the "Entry into the WTO". There are also those who advocate "leisure" survival, who have a strong sense of self-awareness, pay close attention to the beauty of man and nature, often lament the impermanence of life and the short life, and try to make this life sufficient, increase the width and thickness of life. They advocate or temporarily indulge in the timely pleasure, which is a resistance to the impermanence of life. Of course, the display of various outlooks on life in Shishuoxinyu also permeates the compiler Liu Yiqing's complex outlook on life.
The fifth chapter, the conclusion part, carries on the overall overview to the full text research. In a word, the study of "Shishuo Xinyu" shows the survival state of "Shishuo characters", studies the human relations of "Shishuo characters", reveals the human nature "style" of "Shishuo characters" and explores the outlook on life of "Shishuo characters". They have answered many questions about the characters, compilers and receivers involved in Shishuo Xinyu and Shishuo Xinyu, while there is still a large space, value and temptation to explore the relevant issues.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：I207.41
本文編號(hào)：2201434
[Abstract]:As the main body of describing "words" and "deeds" of the upper social figures in Wei and Jin Dynasties, Shishuo Xinyu opened a "window" to the recipients. Through this "window", we can see the more real "existence" of the characters involved in Shishuo Xinyu.
This paper attempts to comprehensively and thoroughly interpret Shishuo Xinyu from the perspective of human studies, and to dig and systematically expound the living conditions, human relations, human nature and outlook on life of the characters involved in it.
The first part is to explain the topic of the paper, explain the value and logical framework of the study, and explain the texts of Shishuoxinyu and its annotations. Third, explain the key issues, research methods and the structure of the chapters.
Chapter One makes a general survey of the living conditions of the people in Shishuo Xinyu. This chapter covers the typical aspects related to the existence of the "Shishuo Xinyu" characters. Of course, the scope of this study is limited to a certain extent. It is based on the contents of Shishuo Xinyu. This chapter focuses on the living conditions of the characters involved in Shishuoxinyu. According to the characteristics of people's existence in Shishuoxinyu, there are: the dilemma and extravagance of material means of existence, the existence full of violence, the existence of individual's anomie, the existence of the world. Then, the paper expounds the causes of the existence of the characters involved in Shishuo Xinyu, mainly including: man-made calamity and natural calamity, which lead to the material difficulties and luxuries of Shishuo Xinyu, lack of checks and balances. The "social relationship" of power makes the existence of the "world-telling characters" full of violence; the pluralism of ideas makes the individual's "anomie" existential state prominent; the deep insecurity of individual characters leads to the spiritual dilemma of the "world-telling characters"; the tangle of interests leads to the "internal struggle" among the characters; and the depression of the "world-telling characters" heart. Finally, this chapter discusses the significance of "showing" the existence of the characters involved in "Shi Shuo Xin Yu". It can be summarized as follows: firstly, it is easy for the recipient to understand the connotation of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu". secondly, it triggers the recipient to reflect on their own living conditions and constantly enhance the individual survival experience.
Chapter Two discusses the human relations involved in the study of Shi Shuo Xin Yu from the perspective of social attributes. This chapter focuses on the human relations in Shi Shuo Xin Yu from the perspective of human studies. Human relations; family marriage; couple's "affection" human relations; mother and son's "affection" human relations; friend's "faith" human relations; there is no lack of "anomie" human relations. The spontaneous maintenance of the order is the two basic reasons for the construction of the human relations in Shishuo Xinyu. Finally, this chapter discusses the Enlightenment of the human relations "display" in Shishuo Xinyu: first, human relations have constructed a good barrier for the better existence of human life; second, they have a positive impact on the construction of harmonious human relations needed by modern society. Enlightenment.
Chapter Three explores the human nature of the characters involved in Shishuo Xinyu. As far as the humanistic content involved in Shishuo Xinyu is concerned, the discussion of human nature tends to be carried out from the perspective of the natural attributes of human beings. Of course, this part of the content is not entirely from the "natural level". As far as the overall content framework of this part is concerned, the discussion is made. This chapter focuses on the human nature of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu". From the content of Shi Shuo Xin Yu, the book presents a complicated picture of human nature for the recipient, including the display of "brilliant" human nature and the writing of "gray" human nature. From the perspective of the human nature characteristics of the "glorious" characters, there are "goodness of human nature", "nobility of character", "pleasure in praising others" and "human nature in pursuit of beauty". The causes of the "glorious" human nature in Shishuoxinyu are mainly the consciousness and reason of the "worldly character" to promote the goodness of human nature, and the nobility of character originates from the good nature. This chapter also discusses the Enlightenment of "glorious" human nature in Shishuo Xinyu. First, the glory of human nature has improved the living environment of "Shishuo characters"; second, the glory of human nature enables "Shishuo characters" to share a harmonious living environment. This chapter also discusses the "dark" human nature of the characters involved in Shishuo Xinyu. In terms of the "dark" human nature of Shishuo Xinyu, it can be summarized as hatred, cunning, jealousy, violent, indulgence, greed and other characteristics. There are the following reasons: first, the specific reality of social survival; secondly, the complex social network of "entanglement"; thirdly, the personality of self-interest driven. Finally, this chapter also discusses the "dark" in the "Shishuoxinyu" human nature "show" significance, mainly as: first, as a carrier of the real human nature of the forefathers of the text "fossils" Secondly, it enlightens individuals to "re-examine" their own weaknesses in human nature; thirdly, it broadens the path of the development of Zhi-ren literature.
Chapter Four discusses the contents of the outlook on life of "Shishuo characters". Of course, the contents of the chapters in this paper are discussed or overlapped. This chapter focuses on the outlook on life of the characters involved in "Shishuo Xinyu". As far as the characteristics of the outlook on life of "Shishuo characters", there are "Shishuo characters" positively. Those who advocate "joining the WTO" in the "World Talk Characters" affirm the significance of individual life and give full play to the value of life in the "Entry into the WTO". There are also those who advocate "leisure" survival, who have a strong sense of self-awareness, pay close attention to the beauty of man and nature, often lament the impermanence of life and the short life, and try to make this life sufficient, increase the width and thickness of life. They advocate or temporarily indulge in the timely pleasure, which is a resistance to the impermanence of life. Of course, the display of various outlooks on life in Shishuoxinyu also permeates the compiler Liu Yiqing's complex outlook on life.
The fifth chapter, the conclusion part, carries on the overall overview to the full text research. In a word, the study of "Shishuo Xinyu" shows the survival state of "Shishuo characters", studies the human relations of "Shishuo characters", reveals the human nature "style" of "Shishuo characters" and explores the outlook on life of "Shishuo characters". They have answered many questions about the characters, compilers and receivers involved in Shishuo Xinyu and Shishuo Xinyu, while there is still a large space, value and temptation to explore the relevant issues.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：I207.41
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 張德瑞;;藝術(shù)·人性·唯美——論《世說新語》中的女性[J];蒲松齡研究;2008年02期
2 馮友蘭;魏晉玄學(xué)貴無論關(guān)于有無的理論[J];北京大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1986年01期
3 李柏;淺談《世說新語》中的女性群體[J];長(zhǎng)春師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2005年10期
4 燕世超;;中國(guó)古代生態(tài)美學(xué)的物性與神性——從《世說新語》看古人的生態(tài)智慧[J];重慶社會(huì)科學(xué);2006年01期
5 林繼中;生存焦慮與情志離合——魏晉文學(xué)自覺的動(dòng)力探源[J];東南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2004年02期
6 闞緒良;《世說新語》詞語札記[J];古漢語研究;2004年02期
7 蔡梅娟;;《世說新語》與魏晉名士的生存理想[J];甘肅社會(huì)科學(xué);2007年05期
8 劉慶華;從《世說新語》看劉義慶的文學(xué)思想[J];貴州民族學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2005年01期
9 寧稼雨;劉義慶的身世境遇與《世說新語》的編纂動(dòng)因[J];湖北大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2000年01期
10 張東焱;論仇恨——文學(xué)的負(fù)面情感研究[J];河北學(xué)刊;2002年02期
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 秦蓁;六朝之史學(xué)與世風(fēng)[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2012年
本文編號(hào)：2201434
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/shoufeilunwen/rwkxbs/2201434.html
最近更新
教材專著
