中國傳統(tǒng)文化中的“德法之辯”研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-23 21:24
【摘要】：“德法之辯”是激蕩于中國傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)之中一種重要的文化現(xiàn)象,其所透視出的則是中國傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)在制度構(gòu)建、守法意識(shí)的培育以及在國家治理模式上的選擇與堅(jiān)守。歷史并不是僵死的過去,而是現(xiàn)實(shí)發(fā)展的原動(dòng)力。因此,貫穿于中國傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)始終的“德法之辯”以強(qiáng)大的歷史慣性力量承接過去,啟迪現(xiàn)在,謀劃未來。所以,在當(dāng)下我們建設(shè)社會(huì)主義法治國家的征程上,同樣需要直面它。由此,通過探討它所吸納和凝練激蕩于中國傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)幾千年的道德與法律關(guān)系問題集群所形成的基本問題域,便具有了理論的研究空間與實(shí)踐推演之動(dòng)力與指向。為此,論文擬安排以下主要內(nèi)容:首先,文化模式為“德法之辯”的方向選擇與價(jià)值追求提供了必要的文化要素支撐與導(dǎo)向。因?yàn)椤暗路ㄖq”的產(chǎn)生、拓展與深化總是在一定的文化背景和思想環(huán)境下進(jìn)行的。所以,無論是從命題形而下的層面來爬梳具體的國家治理模式和制度體系構(gòu)建,還是從形而上的層面來闡釋和反思命題中的本體論意蘊(yùn),均不可避免地需要將它所依存的文化背景內(nèi)含、文化要素以及文化特性一一地呈現(xiàn),唯此,方可為其下的各問題探討成就必要的文化維度與場景。其次,在宏觀層面上,通過對中國傳統(tǒng)文化中“德法之辯”歷史進(jìn)程與脈絡(luò)的梳理,旨在透視在既定的文化模式下的道德與法律關(guān)系背后的文化特質(zhì),以期凝練二者關(guān)系“變”與“不變”進(jìn)程中的核心要素、歷史動(dòng)因與價(jià)值主題,從而為其他問題的展開闡述奠定基本的理論基礎(chǔ)。再次,在道德與法律關(guān)系的歷史流變之進(jìn)程中,制度性構(gòu)建則是“德法之辯”的應(yīng)有之義。中國傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)借助于“道德法律化”與“法律道德化”兩條路徑,在行為與思想內(nèi)外兩個(gè)層面上為社會(huì)與國家鑄就了由儒家倫理思想所主導(dǎo)的法律制度以及政治權(quán)力合法性規(guī)則,從而將道德與法律二者之間的關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)換為在具體制度內(nèi)容上的融合與取舍。以此來呈現(xiàn)的是,在特定的社會(huì)思想意識(shí)主導(dǎo)下“德法之辯”在形而下層面上的制度內(nèi)容之特征及其必然性模式。最后,在“德法之辯”命題之中,通過“道德法律化”與“法律道德化”所形成的社會(huì)秩序控制系統(tǒng)必然需要預(yù)設(shè)和構(gòu)造一個(gè)終極性的價(jià)值本源與主宰,擬制一種終極意義上的裁判性權(quán)威來統(tǒng)攝并預(yù)定其價(jià)值方向。無此,則無論如何完美自洽的宗教崇拜、道德自律以及法律強(qiáng)制等制度設(shè)計(jì)都是一種虛像。由特定的文化模式所成就的“本天立人”的社會(huì)價(jià)值建構(gòu)模式則是溝通“虛像與客觀”、“內(nèi)心與外在”的理論通道與行動(dòng)邏輯,同時(shí),這也是“德法之辯”命題在形而上層面上的集中表達(dá)、訴求與愿景。故在“本天立人”的道德價(jià)值本體建構(gòu)進(jìn)程之中,各種“德”之要素得以生成、流通并發(fā)揮其效用,在此之下,德治也就成為了國家治理模式的不二選擇。如此,無論是宗教之崇拜,道德之自律,法律之強(qiáng)制,均無可逃離于“天理”之維。通過對中國傳統(tǒng)文化中的“德法之辯”研究,所給我們的思考與啟示有,第一、需要我們認(rèn)真地反思“一斷于法或崇德棄法”單極式國家治理模式的歷史弊端,道德與法律,各盡其用,并駕齊驅(qū),則長治久安,若任一而為,并無所不用其極,則必為歷史拋棄;第二、需要我們認(rèn)真對待“德主內(nèi),法束外”的社會(huì)行為規(guī)范系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建模式。那么,“道德法律化”與“法律道德化”則是不可偏廢的基本路徑;第三、需要我們超越傳統(tǒng)文化中的“德法之辯”之歷史局限,并創(chuàng)新適合于當(dāng)下的全新內(nèi)涵;第四、需要我們從方法論的意義上,認(rèn)真地分析傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)中是如何經(jīng)由“德法之辯”來形成社會(huì)價(jià)值共識(shí),塑造價(jià)值共同體,并實(shí)現(xiàn)自我主體性特質(zhì)建構(gòu)的理論進(jìn)路。
[Abstract]:"Debate between Virtue and France" is an important cultural phenomenon that stirs up the traditional Chinese society. What it reveals is the construction of the system, the cultivation of the consciousness of abiding by the law and the choice and perseverance in the mode of national governance. History is not a rigid past, but the driving force of the development of reality. The "Debate of Virtue and Law" in the unified society has always been taking over the past, enlightening the present and planning for the future with a strong historical inertia. Therefore, we need to face it squarely in the process of building a socialist country ruled by law. Therefore, we should discuss the moral and legal relationship that it absorbed and condensed and stirred up in the traditional Chinese Society for thousands of years. Therefore, this paper intends to arrange the following main contents: Firstly, the cultural model provides the necessary cultural elements to support and guide the direction selection and value pursuit of the "debate between morality and law". Therefore, whether from the propositional level to comb the specific state governance model and system construction, or from the metaphysical level to explain and reflect on the ontological implications of the proposition, it is inevitable to need to rely on the cultural background. Only by presenting cultural elements and cultural characteristics one by one can we explore the necessary cultural dimensions and scenarios for the achievements of the following issues. Secondly, on the macro level, through the analysis of the historical process and context of the "debate between morality and law" in Chinese traditional culture, the purpose is to penetrate the relationship between morality and law under the established cultural model. The later cultural characteristics are expected to condense the core elements, historical motives and value themes in the process of "changing" and "unchanged" relations, thus laying a basic theoretical foundation for the elaboration of other issues. By means of the two paths of "legalization of morality" and "moralization of law", Chinese traditional society has molded the legal system and the rule of legitimacy of political power dominated by Confucian ethics for the society and the state at both the internal and external levels of behavior and thought, thus transforming the relationship between morality and law into a concrete system. In this way, it shows the characteristics and inevitability of the system content of "Debate of Virtue and Law" at the lower level under the guidance of specific social ideology. Finally, in the proposition of "Debate of Virtue and Law", the social order control system is formed by "legalization of morality" and "moralization of law". Unity necessarily requires the presupposition and construction of an ultimate value origin and domination, and the formulation of an ultimate referee authority to control and predetermine its value orientation. The social value construction mode of "nature makes man" is the theoretical channel and logic of action to communicate "imagination and objectivity", "inner and outer". At the same time, it is also the metaphysical expression, appeal and vision of the proposition of "debate between morality and law". Thus, no matter religious worship, moral self-discipline, or legal compulsion, can escape from the thinking of "heaven and reason". Through the study of "debate between morality and law" in Chinese traditional culture, we can get our thinking. Examination and Enlightenment are: first, we need to seriously reflect on the historical drawbacks of the unipolar state governance model of "breaking away from the law or worshiping virtue and abandoning the law". Morality and law, each doing its best and keeping pace with the other, will lead to long-term peace and stability. If anything is done, it will be abandoned for history; second, we need to seriously treat "virtue within the Lord, and law outside the law." The third is that we should go beyond the historical limitations of the debate between morality and law in traditional culture and innovate new connotations suitable for the present. The fourth is that we need to be conscientious in the sense of methodology. This paper analyzes how to form social value consensus, shape value community and realize the theoretical approach of self-subjectivity construction in traditional society through the debate between morality and law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：B82-051
本文編號(hào)：2199965
[Abstract]:"Debate between Virtue and France" is an important cultural phenomenon that stirs up the traditional Chinese society. What it reveals is the construction of the system, the cultivation of the consciousness of abiding by the law and the choice and perseverance in the mode of national governance. History is not a rigid past, but the driving force of the development of reality. The "Debate of Virtue and Law" in the unified society has always been taking over the past, enlightening the present and planning for the future with a strong historical inertia. Therefore, we need to face it squarely in the process of building a socialist country ruled by law. Therefore, we should discuss the moral and legal relationship that it absorbed and condensed and stirred up in the traditional Chinese Society for thousands of years. Therefore, this paper intends to arrange the following main contents: Firstly, the cultural model provides the necessary cultural elements to support and guide the direction selection and value pursuit of the "debate between morality and law". Therefore, whether from the propositional level to comb the specific state governance model and system construction, or from the metaphysical level to explain and reflect on the ontological implications of the proposition, it is inevitable to need to rely on the cultural background. Only by presenting cultural elements and cultural characteristics one by one can we explore the necessary cultural dimensions and scenarios for the achievements of the following issues. Secondly, on the macro level, through the analysis of the historical process and context of the "debate between morality and law" in Chinese traditional culture, the purpose is to penetrate the relationship between morality and law under the established cultural model. The later cultural characteristics are expected to condense the core elements, historical motives and value themes in the process of "changing" and "unchanged" relations, thus laying a basic theoretical foundation for the elaboration of other issues. By means of the two paths of "legalization of morality" and "moralization of law", Chinese traditional society has molded the legal system and the rule of legitimacy of political power dominated by Confucian ethics for the society and the state at both the internal and external levels of behavior and thought, thus transforming the relationship between morality and law into a concrete system. In this way, it shows the characteristics and inevitability of the system content of "Debate of Virtue and Law" at the lower level under the guidance of specific social ideology. Finally, in the proposition of "Debate of Virtue and Law", the social order control system is formed by "legalization of morality" and "moralization of law". Unity necessarily requires the presupposition and construction of an ultimate value origin and domination, and the formulation of an ultimate referee authority to control and predetermine its value orientation. The social value construction mode of "nature makes man" is the theoretical channel and logic of action to communicate "imagination and objectivity", "inner and outer". At the same time, it is also the metaphysical expression, appeal and vision of the proposition of "debate between morality and law". Thus, no matter religious worship, moral self-discipline, or legal compulsion, can escape from the thinking of "heaven and reason". Through the study of "debate between morality and law" in Chinese traditional culture, we can get our thinking. Examination and Enlightenment are: first, we need to seriously reflect on the historical drawbacks of the unipolar state governance model of "breaking away from the law or worshiping virtue and abandoning the law". Morality and law, each doing its best and keeping pace with the other, will lead to long-term peace and stability. If anything is done, it will be abandoned for history; second, we need to seriously treat "virtue within the Lord, and law outside the law." The third is that we should go beyond the historical limitations of the debate between morality and law in traditional culture and innovate new connotations suitable for the present. The fourth is that we need to be conscientious in the sense of methodology. This paper analyzes how to form social value consensus, shape value community and realize the theoretical approach of self-subjectivity construction in traditional society through the debate between morality and law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：B82-051
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 焦寶乾;;邏輯與修辭:一對法學(xué)研究范式的中西考察[J];中國法學(xué);2014年06期
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 姒鷺;行政倫理法治化研究[D];首都師范大學(xué);2009年
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