社會組織道德行為的生成邏輯
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-15 16:19
【摘要】：社會組織是指與政府組織和企業(yè)組織相區(qū)別的,隸屬于社會體系,具有非政府性、非營利性和志愿公益性或互益性特征的各種組織形式及其網(wǎng)絡(luò)形態(tài)。社會組織道德行為,是指社會組織以其組織結(jié)構(gòu)、組織倫理使命及特定的倫理氛圍整合組織成員的道德信念及道德行動,從而做出的可以進(jìn)行善惡評價(jià)的、具有道德意義的積極行為。從不同視角,社會組織道德行為可以劃分為職能型與任務(wù)型道德行為、社會動員型與成員自主型道德行為、規(guī)范依循型與規(guī)范建構(gòu)型道德行為。不同類型的道德行為,其生成邏輯具有一定的差異。在對差異性進(jìn)行比較的基礎(chǔ)上可以更為準(zhǔn)確地把握其共性所在,即社會組織道德行為生成的基本邏輯。社會組織道德行為的價(jià)值主要在于促進(jìn)個體的道德實(shí)現(xiàn),有效地防范社會組織的偽善,構(gòu)建社會的和諧倫理秩序。在現(xiàn)代性倫理危機(jī)及社會轉(zhuǎn)型期道德動蕩的雙重裹挾下,當(dāng)前中國社會組織道德行為的實(shí)際狀況不容樂觀�，F(xiàn)代性倫理危機(jī),一方面是生活世界中道德被金錢和權(quán)力敗壞的危機(jī)；另一方面,是倫理理論合法性危機(jī)。由此導(dǎo)致了營利化、行政化、去志愿化等“社會組織之惡”,社會組織道德行為陷入社會壓力情境下的自主性悖論、多元文化背景下價(jià)值取向困境及“志愿失靈”等困境之中。這—切表明,社會組織道德行為的生成邏輯在方向、動力兩個維度上存在多重障礙。社會組織的團(tuán)結(jié)性確保道德行為方向的一致和動力的統(tǒng)一,是道德行為發(fā)生的前提。追求團(tuán)結(jié)應(yīng)該成為現(xiàn)代社會組織的倫理行動。建構(gòu)社會組織的團(tuán)結(jié)性,首先需要對個體進(jìn)行主體動員,并保持在個體道德自我基礎(chǔ)上的去個體化,實(shí)現(xiàn)道德取向的普遍化；其次,需要組織成員對社會組織實(shí)現(xiàn)從身份認(rèn)同到精神歸屬,樹立組織榮辱感、道德責(zé)任感和組織忠誠,促使成員與社會組織自覺地結(jié)成道德命運(yùn)共同體；再次,社會組織內(nèi)部通過組織傳播、道德學(xué)習(xí)等方式提升組織凝聚力,使社會組織團(tuán)結(jié)性獲得發(fā)展性力量。動力機(jī)制是社會組織道德行為發(fā)生的基本條件。在道德行為如何發(fā)生的問題上,問題本身的復(fù)雜性及當(dāng)前社會轉(zhuǎn)型期所遭遇的價(jià)值環(huán)境導(dǎo)致倫理學(xué)更關(guān)注價(jià)值取向或道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問題,而對道德的行為是如何發(fā)動和發(fā)展,即道德行為的動力機(jī)制問題關(guān)注不夠。有效的動力機(jī)制是社會組織道德行為生成的關(guān)鍵因素之一其動力機(jī)制的主體基礎(chǔ)是組織認(rèn)同,為此,社會組織必須確立起“組織自我”。社會組織道德行為的動力源表現(xiàn)為趨避選擇的組織形態(tài)、道德文化累積層上的集體道德沖動形態(tài)以及集體的極化效應(yīng)等多種形態(tài),其動力模式主要包括原發(fā)內(nèi)生型、集體自省型和外部壓力型模式三種,其動力傳遞機(jī)制包括借助于權(quán)力或權(quán)威、道德榜樣的感召力等實(shí)現(xiàn)動力的組織內(nèi)傳播。組織倫理能力對道德行為的方向和動力進(jìn)行有效調(diào)控和審慎反思,是社會組織道德行為發(fā)展的內(nèi)源性力量。社會組織倫理能力較其他類型組織更強(qiáng),它能保障社會組織更全面、持續(xù)地進(jìn)行倫理反思,并維持在道德價(jià)值取向和道德規(guī)范的開放程度和道德行為的控制水平,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)道德行為的自覺自控。倫理決策能力和倫理反思能力是組織倫理能力的重要體現(xiàn)。倫理決策能力主要體現(xiàn)為對道德場的感知及道德行為方案的制定和優(yōu)選。倫理反思能力促進(jìn)社會組織道德行為的組織自律及對行為邊界的正確把握。社會組織的道德行為應(yīng)以社會組織的倫理能力為限,從政府更有實(shí)力和市場更有效率的領(lǐng)域退出,回歸到“道德人”供給的志愿行為邊界之內(nèi)。
[Abstract]:Social organization refers to various organizational forms and their network forms which are different from government organizations and enterprise organizations and belong to the social system and have the characteristics of non-governmental, non-profit and voluntary public welfare or mutual benefit. From different perspectives, the moral behavior of social organizations can be divided into functional and task-based moral behavior, social mobilization and members'autonomous moral behavior, norm-based and norm-based constructive moral behavior. Behavior. Different types of moral behavior have certain differences in their generative logic. On the basis of comparing the differences, we can grasp more accurately the common ground, that is, the basic logic of the generation of moral behavior of social organizations. The hypocrisy of the organization and the harmonious ethical order of the society are constructed. Under the double envelope of the ethical crisis of modernity and the moral turbulence of the social transformation period, the actual situation of the moral behavior of the social organizations in China is not optimistic. Crisis of legitimacy of theory leads to the evils of social organizations such as profit-making, administration, and de-volunteering. Moral behavior of social organizations falls into the paradox of autonomy under social pressure, the dilemma of value orientation under multi-cultural background and the dilemma of "voluntary failure". The unity of social organizations is the premise of moral behavior. The pursuit of unity should become the ethical action of modern social organizations. To construct the unity of social organizations, the first thing is to mobilize individuals and maintain them. Secondly, it is necessary for the members of the organization to realize the social organization from identity to spiritual belonging, establish the sense of honor and disgrace, moral responsibility and organizational loyalty, and promote the members and social organizations to form a moral destiny community consciously; thirdly, within the social organization. The Ministry promotes organizational cohesion by means of organizational communication and moral learning, so that the unity of social organizations can gain developmental strength. The dynamic mechanism is the basic condition for the occurrence of moral behavior of social organizations. More attention should be paid to value orientation or moral standards, but less attention should be paid to how moral behavior is initiated and developed, that is, the dynamic mechanism of moral behavior. The motive force of social organization's moral behavior is manifested in the organizational form of avoiding choice, the collective moral impulse on the accumulative layer of moral culture, and the collective polarization effect. Its motive force mode mainly includes three types: the primary endogenous mode, the collective introspection mode and the external pressure mode. Organizational ethical competence is an endogenous force for the development of moral behavior in social organizations. Social organizational ethical competence is stronger than other types of organizations, and it can ensure a more complete social organization. Ethical decision-making ability and ethical reflection ability are important embodiments of organizational ethical ability. Ethical decision-making ability is mainly embodied in the perception of moral field and Tao. The moral behavior of social organizations should be limited by the ethical ability of social organizations, withdraw from the areas where the government is more powerful and the market is more efficient, and return to the voluntary act of "moral person" supply. Within the boundary.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：B82-0
，
本文編號：2184745
[Abstract]:Social organization refers to various organizational forms and their network forms which are different from government organizations and enterprise organizations and belong to the social system and have the characteristics of non-governmental, non-profit and voluntary public welfare or mutual benefit. From different perspectives, the moral behavior of social organizations can be divided into functional and task-based moral behavior, social mobilization and members'autonomous moral behavior, norm-based and norm-based constructive moral behavior. Behavior. Different types of moral behavior have certain differences in their generative logic. On the basis of comparing the differences, we can grasp more accurately the common ground, that is, the basic logic of the generation of moral behavior of social organizations. The hypocrisy of the organization and the harmonious ethical order of the society are constructed. Under the double envelope of the ethical crisis of modernity and the moral turbulence of the social transformation period, the actual situation of the moral behavior of the social organizations in China is not optimistic. Crisis of legitimacy of theory leads to the evils of social organizations such as profit-making, administration, and de-volunteering. Moral behavior of social organizations falls into the paradox of autonomy under social pressure, the dilemma of value orientation under multi-cultural background and the dilemma of "voluntary failure". The unity of social organizations is the premise of moral behavior. The pursuit of unity should become the ethical action of modern social organizations. To construct the unity of social organizations, the first thing is to mobilize individuals and maintain them. Secondly, it is necessary for the members of the organization to realize the social organization from identity to spiritual belonging, establish the sense of honor and disgrace, moral responsibility and organizational loyalty, and promote the members and social organizations to form a moral destiny community consciously; thirdly, within the social organization. The Ministry promotes organizational cohesion by means of organizational communication and moral learning, so that the unity of social organizations can gain developmental strength. The dynamic mechanism is the basic condition for the occurrence of moral behavior of social organizations. More attention should be paid to value orientation or moral standards, but less attention should be paid to how moral behavior is initiated and developed, that is, the dynamic mechanism of moral behavior. The motive force of social organization's moral behavior is manifested in the organizational form of avoiding choice, the collective moral impulse on the accumulative layer of moral culture, and the collective polarization effect. Its motive force mode mainly includes three types: the primary endogenous mode, the collective introspection mode and the external pressure mode. Organizational ethical competence is an endogenous force for the development of moral behavior in social organizations. Social organizational ethical competence is stronger than other types of organizations, and it can ensure a more complete social organization. Ethical decision-making ability and ethical reflection ability are important embodiments of organizational ethical ability. Ethical decision-making ability is mainly embodied in the perception of moral field and Tao. The moral behavior of social organizations should be limited by the ethical ability of social organizations, withdraw from the areas where the government is more powerful and the market is more efficient, and return to the voluntary act of "moral person" supply. Within the boundary.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：B82-0
，
本文編號：2184745
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