本文關(guān)鍵詞： 美國(guó) 價(jià)值觀 好萊塢電影 塑造 傳播 軟實(shí)力　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：美國(guó)價(jià)值觀的塑造和傳播與好萊塢電影關(guān)系密切。好萊塢電影集商業(yè)和文化兩種屬性于一身,它不僅參與了美國(guó)價(jià)值觀的塑造,也參與了美國(guó)價(jià)值觀的傳播,是美國(guó)軟實(shí)力的重要組成部分。學(xué)界對(duì)好萊塢電影與美國(guó)價(jià)值觀的塑造和傳播已有一定研究,但目前鮮有對(duì)這一課題系統(tǒng)性和整體性的研究。本文以相關(guān)史實(shí)資料和電影文本為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合歷史學(xué)、國(guó)際關(guān)系學(xué)的理論和方法,論述20世紀(jì)以來(lái)好萊塢電影在美國(guó)價(jià)值觀的塑造和傳播中的作用,并總結(jié)可為中國(guó)電影借鑒的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。論文主要有三大部分:第一部分,緒論。主要指出研究意義,梳理國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)好萊塢電影與美國(guó)價(jià)值觀研究的相關(guān)成果,發(fā)現(xiàn)其中有待豐富的研究空間,闡釋本文研究思路、方法與結(jié)構(gòu)。第二部分,論文的主體部分,共五章:第一章是好萊塢電影的歷史演進(jìn)。美國(guó)歷史是好萊塢電影取之不盡、用之不竭的源泉。好萊塢電影從不同側(cè)面、多種角度折射著美國(guó)的社會(huì)、歷史與文化并展現(xiàn)著其時(shí)代關(guān)注。當(dāng)今,新媒體蓬勃發(fā)展、文化產(chǎn)業(yè)融合成長(zhǎng),好萊塢電影進(jìn)入新的發(fā)展時(shí)期。新媒體對(duì)于電影業(yè)如同一把“雙刃劍”,加之其單向輸出的特點(diǎn),好萊塢電影面臨著新挑戰(zhàn)。第二章剖析了好萊塢電影的類型和文化內(nèi)涵。好萊塢有著豐富的類型片傳統(tǒng),在不同的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下,好萊塢電影的類型也多種多樣�，F(xiàn)實(shí)中,好萊塢不同類型片中所闡釋的文化內(nèi)涵是不同的。在西部片中,我們既可窺見(jiàn)美國(guó)社會(huì)、文化的變遷,又能感受到其中包含的個(gè)人英雄主義等真善美的價(jià)值觀念。在恐怖片、驚悚片和動(dòng)作片等類型片中,常涉及暴力、性和享樂(lè)等潛在的負(fù)面元素,這對(duì)社會(huì),尤其是青少年造成不良影響。第三章闡釋好萊塢機(jī)制。好萊塢機(jī)制是一種兼有多維性和靈活性的獨(dú)特運(yùn)作模式。首先,好萊塢電影專業(yè)靈活的制作與生產(chǎn)機(jī)制歷經(jīng)考驗(yàn),滿足了不同時(shí)期影業(yè)發(fā)展的需求,是好萊塢電影制作和能產(chǎn)性層面的有力保證。經(jīng)過(guò)近百年的發(fā)展,好萊塢在全球市場(chǎng)已占據(jù)絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)地位,正在從美國(guó)的好萊塢變成世界的好萊塢。好萊塢在全球化的進(jìn)程中,其成功策略備受關(guān)注。其次,奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)尋求商業(yè)、藝術(shù)和政治間的微妙平衡,好萊塢與美國(guó)政府在互動(dòng)中實(shí)現(xiàn)了共贏。由于奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)和美國(guó)政府的助力,好萊塢實(shí)現(xiàn)了其影像的全球性擴(kuò)張,把美式生活方式和價(jià)值觀念推銷到全球各地。第四章分析好萊塢電影對(duì)美國(guó)價(jià)值觀的塑造。美國(guó)價(jià)值觀的形成與美國(guó)的歷史發(fā)展息息相關(guān)。它是在多元文化基礎(chǔ)上形成的,兼容多民族特征,同時(shí)也是深受北美大陸自然人文環(huán)境影響的一種價(jià)值理念體系。美國(guó)夢(mèng)是好萊塢電影展現(xiàn)的重要主題,鏡像中的美國(guó)夢(mèng)彰顯了美國(guó)人樂(lè)觀、進(jìn)取、開(kāi)拓創(chuàng)新的民族性格,有效建構(gòu)和表達(dá)了各式美國(guó)價(jià)值觀念,并在現(xiàn)實(shí)中極具教化影響力。美國(guó)電影與價(jià)值觀是相輔相成,互相構(gòu)建的關(guān)系。美國(guó)主流價(jià)值觀在不同類型的電影中得到了集中體現(xiàn)。第五章探討好萊塢電影對(duì)美國(guó)價(jià)值觀的傳播。在美國(guó)價(jià)值觀眾多的傳播渠道中,好萊塢電影成效卓著,是傳播美國(guó)價(jià)值觀的中堅(jiān)力量。好萊塢利用跨民族、跨國(guó)界的題材,吸納其中優(yōu)秀素材的養(yǎng)分,然后用其純熟的制作手法和美式思維來(lái)包裝電影并將其推向世界;這種“拷貝”策略獲得了商業(yè)利益和美國(guó)文化傳播力的雙贏。好萊塢電影的全球市場(chǎng)占有率很高,具有強(qiáng)大的影響力和傳播力,是美國(guó)軟實(shí)力的重要組成部分。因經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化等方面的對(duì)立和沖突,好萊塢電影在海外受到或多或少的抵制,但好萊塢電影對(duì)美國(guó)價(jià)值觀的傳播作用依然是無(wú)可替代的。第三部分,結(jié)論。主要概括了好萊塢電影塑造和傳播美國(guó)價(jià)值觀的成功模式,分析了幾點(diǎn)好萊塢電影可為中國(guó)電影借鑒的成功之道:1.內(nèi)容為王:講述美國(guó)成功的故事。2.全球取材,世界共享。3.創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)的產(chǎn)業(yè)和文化機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:The relationship between the shape and spread of American values and Hollywood movies. Hollywood movie set close commercial and cultural two properties in one, it is not only involved in shaping American values, is also involved in the spread of American values, is an important part of American soft power. Some scholars on the study of Hollywood movies and the United States the values of the shape and spread, but there are few on this subject in a systematic and holistic research. This paper is based on the relevant historical facts and movie texts combining history, theories and methods of international relations, shaping and dissemination of Hollywood movies in the United States since twentieth Century this value in the role, and can be summed up reference for Chinese film experience. The thesis consists of three parts: the first part, introduction. Mainly points out the research significance, summarizes the research on the Hollywood movies and American values of the relevant The results found to be studied, the abundant space, explain research ideas, methods and structure. The second part, the main part of the paper consists of five chapters: the first chapter is the historical evolution of Hollywood movies. Hollywood movie history of America is inexhaustible, inexhaustible source. Hollywood movies from different aspects, different angles reflects American society the history and culture, and show their concern. In today's era, the rapid development of new media, the growth of the integration of cultural industries, the Hollywood film entered a new period of development. The new media for the film industry as a "double-edged sword", combined with the characteristics of the one-way output, Hollywood is facing new challenges. The second chapter analyzes the Hollywood movie the types and cultural connotation. The Hollywood has a rich tradition in the genre, different standards, types of Hollywood movies are also diverse. In reality, Hollywood The interpretation of different types of film culture connotation is different. In the western, we can see the social, cultural changes, and can feel the personal heroism which contains the beauty of values. In horror, thriller and action movies and other types of film, often involving violence. And enjoy the negative elements of potential, the society, especially the adverse impact of teenagers. The third chapter explains the mechanism of Hollywood. Hollywood is a unique mode of operation mechanism with multi dimension and flexibility. First of all, the Hollywood film making and professional flexible production mechanism after the test, the pictures in different periods of demand. Is a powerful guarantee for Hollywood film production and productivity level. After nearly 100 years of development, the Hollywood in the global market has occupied the absolute dominant position, is becoming the world's Hollywood from Hollywood in the United States Wu Hollywood. In the process of globalization, the successful strategy of concern. Secondly, the Oscar prize for business, the delicate balance between art and politics, Hollywood and the U.S. government to achieve a win-win situation in the interaction. Because of the Oscar prize and the American government's help, the Hollywood to achieve a global expansion of its image, and the American way of life the value of ideas to the world. The fourth chapter analyzes the shape of Hollywood movies to American values. The formation of American values of historical development and the United States are closely related. It is formed in the multicultural basis, compatible with many national characteristics, a kind of value system is also influenced by the North American continent, natural and cultural environment. The American dream Hollywood is an important theme of the film to show, in the mirror of the American dream shows Americans optimistic, enterprising, pioneering and innovative national character, effective construction and expression of the All kinds of American values, and very influential. In reality enlightenment of American movies and values are complementary and mutual relations. The mainstream American values in different types of film has been embodied. The fifth chapter discusses the spread of Hollywood movies to American values in the United States. The value of the audience communication channels in Hollywood the film is the backbone of outstanding achievements, spreading American values. The Hollywood by cross national, cross border theme, absorb the excellent nutrient material, and then use the skilled production methods and American thinking to package film and bringing it to the world; this win-win "copy" strategy to obtain commercial interests and the spread of American culture the Hollywood film force. The global market share is very high, has a strong influence and spread of power, is an important part of American soft power. Because of the economic, political and cultural Confrontation and conflict and so on, Hollywood films are more or less against overseas, but the spread effect of Hollywood movies to American values is still irreplaceable. The third part mainly summarizes the conclusion. The Hollywood movie creation and spread American values for the successful model, analyzed the success of several Hollywood films can be used as reference China film: 1.: content is king tells the story of America.2. global material world share.3. innovation driven industrial and cultural mechanism.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：J905;G171.2

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