發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-05 00:28

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：“接班人”問題與1960年代初的文學(xué)—文化想象　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： “接班人” “1960年代” 《中國(guó)青年》 “問題討論” 《早春二月》 《韓梅梅》 《接班人》 《年青的一代》 《紅巖》

【摘要】：共和國(guó)在歷經(jīng)十年建設(shè)進(jìn)入1960年代之時(shí),內(nèi)部既面臨日益加劇的諸如“三大差別”等結(jié)構(gòu)性問題,外部又有“和平演變”的威脅以及與蘇聯(lián)交惡所引發(fā)的對(duì)“修正主義”的擔(dān)憂,這諸多因素導(dǎo)致了共和國(guó)的締造者對(duì)共產(chǎn)主義事業(yè)將由誰來繼承的憂慮。年青的一代因此被寄予厚望,他們作為“繼承無產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命事業(yè)”的“接班人”被期待能夠充分發(fā)揮自身的主觀能動(dòng)性,以抗衡時(shí)代危機(jī)并開創(chuàng)出一個(gè)全新的世界,而問題的關(guān)鍵就在于如何召喚出這一新主體。從“接班人”問題到“如何培養(yǎng)接班人”,政治問題轉(zhuǎn)化為文化教育問題,由此,“接班人”問題就成為這一時(shí)期文藝領(lǐng)域的核心主題：因此本文認(rèn)為“接班人”問題構(gòu)成了“1960年代”文學(xué)-文化想象的內(nèi)在視野,這也是本文重新討論這一時(shí)期的切入口,本文意圖通過“接班人”問題來觀察當(dāng)時(shí)的人們?nèi)绾嗡伎肌⒈磉_(dá)對(duì)時(shí)代問題的看法,并進(jìn)一步討論時(shí)代的話語方式與打造新主體之間的關(guān)系,由此揭示出1960年代文學(xué)-文化在應(yīng)對(duì)時(shí)代命題時(shí)所遭遇的困境。具體如下：論文第一章試圖從話語變遷的角度呈現(xiàn)出人們對(duì)“接班人”問題的認(rèn)識(shí)。此章以《中國(guó)青年》“問題討論”欄目上的讀者來信為例,揭示“個(gè)人話語”如何作為“小資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的自我”被消解；通過新的政治話語對(duì)“問題青年”肖文的批判,呈現(xiàn)出人們對(duì)時(shí)代危機(jī)的認(rèn)識(shí)以及處理危機(jī)的方式。第二章則揭示出“接班人”問題的“反修防修”的時(shí)代語境。主要通過圍繞電影《早春二月》的討論來呈現(xiàn)“反修防修”的時(shí)代話語并進(jìn)一步揭示出這一話語的困境。這兩章都試圖討論,社會(huì)主義文化如何在話語層面建構(gòu)、批判“接班人”這一新主體的他者。本文的第三、四章,則通過“就業(yè)”這一特定角度來切入“接班人”問題。選擇“就業(yè)”問題,不僅因?yàn)椤熬蜆I(yè)”問題本身能表征1960年代的危機(jī),而且,青年人的“就業(yè)”問題也是人們對(duì)危機(jī)最易感知的領(lǐng)域。這兩章所選擇的三篇文本,《韓梅梅》《接班人》《年青的一代》,所展示的領(lǐng)域分別是農(nóng)村、城市、以及更大的空間——由上海-青海所構(gòu)成的發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)與落后地區(qū)之間的關(guān)聯(lián),場(chǎng)域的變化也昭示著“就業(yè)”問題的深化；前兩個(gè)文本分別是專業(yè)作家、業(yè)余寫作愛好者所創(chuàng)作,選擇不同時(shí)期、名家和業(yè)余創(chuàng)作者的作品,也意圖形成一個(gè)鮮明的對(duì)照。第四章意圖圍繞話劇《年青的一代》的創(chuàng)作從兩個(gè)層面展開,一是通過創(chuàng)作過程來展現(xiàn)作家的創(chuàng)作初衷如何被時(shí)代話語、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)話語所改編,從而作品不得不被一套觀念性的話語方式所規(guī)定；一是意圖在第三章的基礎(chǔ)上討論,當(dāng)新主體所獲得的政治視野只能表現(xiàn)為一套觀念性的話語時(shí),沒有能被感性化的“新自我”勢(shì)必使得新主體流于空洞,而這也正體現(xiàn)了打造“接班人”的困境。論文的第五章討論《紅巖》現(xiàn)象,在一個(gè)隱喻的意義上,我把小說《紅巖》的創(chuàng)作看作是對(duì)“接班人問題”的一個(gè)總體回應(yīng),認(rèn)為《紅巖》對(duì)英雄主體的塑造在1960年代的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作中達(dá)到了一個(gè)新高度；不過,小說《紅巖》又是組織化的寫作方式的產(chǎn)物,因此本章意圖在此基礎(chǔ)上以“組織與信仰”為框架,討論把共產(chǎn)主義事業(yè)視為信仰的英雄主體,如何生長(zhǎng)出了超越組織的力量——而這也構(gòu)成了社會(huì)主義內(nèi)部的文化困境。
[Abstract]:Republic of China after ten years of construction in 1960s, is facing increasing internal such as "three differences" and other structural problems, external and "peaceful evolution" and the threat caused by the hostility of the Soviet Union and the "revisionist" concerns, these factors lead to the founder of Republic of communism who is going to inherit the cause of anxiety. The younger generation so high hopes, as they inherit the cause of proletarian revolution "of the" successor "is expected to give full play to their initiative, to compete with the era of crisis and create a new world, but the key question is how to summon this is a new subject. From the" successor "to" how to cultivate successors ", the political problem into the problem of culture and education, thus, the" successor "issue has become the field of literature and art in this period Theme: the "successor" made "inner vision 1960s" literary and cultural imagination, this is also this paper during this period starting, this paper intends to through the "successor" to observe how people think of times on the issue, and further discussion of the relationship between in the era of discourse style and create a new subject, which reveals the 1960s Literature - encountered in dealing with the cultural era proposition predicament. Specific as follows: the first chapter tries to show understanding of the "successor" problem from the angle of the changes of discourse. This chapter takes "China youth >" problem discussion "on the columns letters for example, reveals the" individual words "as" bourgeois self "by digestion; critique of the political discourse on the issue of" New Youth "Xiao Wen , showing awareness of crisis and crisis management. The second chapter reveals the "successor" of "opposing and preventing revisionism" era context. Mainly through the discussion around the movie in early February to present "Discourse" opposing and preventing revisionism "and further reveal the discourse predicament. The two chapter attempts to discuss how to construct the socialist culture at the discourse level, criticizing the" successor "of this new subject of the other. In the third, fourth chapter, through the" employment "of this specific angle" successor ". Select" employment ", not only because of" employment "itself can characterize 1960s the crisis, and the young people, the employment problem is people of crisis most easily perceived. The two chapter selected three text < > > energy-saving successors of the younger generation", showing the collar Domain are rural, city, and more space -- the association between developed areas composed of Shanghai - Qinghai and backward areas, field changes also heralds the "deepening employment"; the first two texts are professional writers, amateur writing enthusiasts are creative, choose a different period, famous and amateur artist's work, is also intended to form a distinctive control. The fourth chapter intentions around a young generation of creative drama < > from two aspects, one is through the creative process to show the writer's intention to be the speech of the times, leadership discourse adaptation, thus works have to be specified in a set of ideas the mode of discourse; one intends to discuss on the basis of the third chapter, the political vision only when the new subject obtained for a set of ideas of words, could not be emotional "self" is bound to make The new body become empty, and this is also reflected in the "successor" to create difficulties. The fifth chapter discusses "Hongyan > phenomenon, in a metaphorical sense, I put the novel < > Hongyan creation as a general response to the" successor ", that the shape of the < Hongyan > the main hero reached a new height in 1960s literature; however, the novel" red rock > is a product of the organization of the way of writing, so this chapter based on the intention to "organization and faith" as the framework, discuss the cause of communism belief as hero subject, how to grow up beyond the organization power, which also constitute the cultural dilemma of socialism itself.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：I206.7
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本文編號(hào)：1380803