本文選題：養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)　切入點：老年人　出處：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究目的:對養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量量表進行修訂及驗證,并描述養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀,分析生活質(zhì)量的影響因素,為有針對性的提高這一人群生活質(zhì)量的干預提供理論依據(jù)。研究方法:采用橫斷面研究設計,于2016年5月至9月選取濟南市33家養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老人進行問卷調(diào)查,共發(fā)放376份問卷,有效回收371份。調(diào)查內(nèi)容包括:老人及機構(gòu)一般資料問卷、視力、聽力、咀嚼、營養(yǎng)、睡眠、尿失禁、日常生活活動能力、衰弱、抑郁、焦慮、孤獨、社會支持、社會活動參與,以及老人的生活質(zhì)量。使用AMOS19.0進行養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量量表的驗證性因子分析,采用SPSS19.0進行養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量量表信度及效標效度檢驗,以及生活質(zhì)量的影響因素分析。具體包括:描述性分析、獨立樣本t檢驗、方差分析、卡方檢驗、pearson相關、spearman相關、多元線性回歸分析、多因素logistic回歸分析、結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型等。結(jié)果:1.養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量量表修訂版經(jīng)驗證性因子分析后,最終量表由9個維度、38個條目組成。總量表總Cronbach's α系數(shù)為0.891,各維度的Cronbach'sα系數(shù)分別在0.661～0.897之間。驗證性因子分析中,具體的擬合指標為χ2=990.365,χ2/df =1.590,NFI=0.859,NNFI=0.934,IFI=0.943,CFI=0.942,RMSEA=0.040。效標效度分析,養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量量表總分及各維度均分均與EQ-VAS顯著相關;除家庭親密度及人際關系和諧性維度與EQ-5D效應值相關性不顯著外,其他各維度及總分均與EQ-5D效應值顯著相關。2.養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀:在養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量量表中,在自主決策領域老人的得分最高,在活動參與性領域的得分最低;健康相關生活質(zhì)量(EQ-5D)中,老人在日�；顒幽芰S度出現(xiàn)問題的比例最大(60.1%),其次為行動能力(56.3%);老人自評健康狀況(EQ-VAS)得分為66.08±22.34。3.多元線性回歸分析結(jié)果顯示:個體因素中,年齡、性別、衰弱、睡眠、抑郁、孤獨、焦慮、社會網(wǎng)絡、社會活動參與、子女相聚頻率;以及機構(gòu)因素中,附屬于醫(yī)院、室外活動場所是機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量的預測因素;睡眠、疾病指數(shù)、焦慮、社會活動參與是老人自評健康狀況(EQ-VAS)的預測因素。多因素logistic回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,年齡、衰弱、日常生活活動能力、社會活動參與、居住安排是老人健康相關生活質(zhì)量(EQ-5D)的預測因素。結(jié)論:1.養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量量表具有較好的信度和效度。2.養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量較低。3.養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)老年人生活質(zhì)量受到個體因素和機構(gòu)因素的影響,機構(gòu)工作人員應識別其中的危險人群,盡早采取針對性的措施,從而提高老人的生活質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:Objective: to revise and verify the quality of life scale (QOL) of the elderly in pension institutions, and to describe the present situation of the quality of life (QOL) of the elderly in pension institutions, and to analyze the influencing factors of QOL.To provide theoretical basis for improving the quality of life of this group.Methods: from May to September 2016, a cross-sectional study design was used to select 33 old people from pension institutions in Jinan to carry out a questionnaire survey, and 376 questionnaires were distributed, 371 of which were returned effectively.The contents of the survey included: general information questionnaire for the elderly, hearing, chewing, nutrition, sleep, urinary incontinence, activities of daily life, debilitating, depression, anxiety, loneliness, social support, participation in social activities,And the quality of life of the elderly.AMOS19.0 was used to verify the quality of life scale for the aged, SPSS19.0 was used to test the reliability and validity of the quality of life scale for the elderly, and the influencing factors of the quality of life were analyzed.It includes descriptive analysis, independent sample t-test, variance analysis, chi-square test Pearson correlation Spearman correlation, multivariate linear regression analysis, multi-factor logistic regression analysis, structural equation model and so on.The result is 1: 1.After confirmatory factor analysis, the final scale consists of 9 dimensions and 38 items.The total Cronbach's 偽 coefficient of the total table was 0.891, and the Cronbach's 偽 coefficient of each dimension was between 0.661 and 0.897.In the confirmatory factor analysis, the specific fitting indexes were 蠂 2 / 990.365 and 蠂 2/df / 1.590 / 0.859nNFI / 0.934 / 0.943 / r MSEAA 0.040, respectively.According to the validity analysis, the total score and the average score of each dimension of quality of life scale were significantly correlated with EQ-VAS, except for the family cohesion and interpersonal harmony dimension and the EQ-5D effect value were not significantly correlated with the total score and the average score of each dimension.Other dimensions and total scores were significantly correlated with EQ-5D effect value. 2. 2.Quality of life of the elderly in old-age institutions: in the scale, the elderly scored the highest in the field of independent decision-making and the lowest in the field of participation in activities; the health-related quality of life was EQ-5D.The proportion of the elderly who had problems in the dimension of daily activity ability was 60.1, followed by the mobility of 56.3, and the score of EQ-VAS66.08 鹵22.34.3in the old people's self-assessment of their health status.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that: individual factors, age, sex, debilitating, sleep, depression, loneliness, anxiety, social network, social activity participation, frequency of children meeting, and institutional factors, affiliated to the hospital,Outdoor activities were the predictors of the quality of life of the elderly in institutions, and sleep, disease index, anxiety and social activities were the predictors of EQ-VASs.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, debilitating, ability of daily life, participation in social activities, and living arrangement were the predictors of health-related quality of life (QOL) of the elderly.Conclusion 1.The quality of life scale has good reliability and validity.The quality of life of the elderly in old-age institutions is low.The quality of life of the elderly in old-age institutions is affected by individual and institutional factors. The staff of institutions should identify the risk groups and take targeted measures as early as possible to improve the quality of life of the elderly.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C913.6;R473

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