發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-03 02:22

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于規(guī)范性反饋的能源節(jié)約行為研究　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 能源節(jié)約行為 規(guī)范性反饋 行為干預(yù)政策 觀點(diǎn)動(dòng)力學(xué) Agent建模與仿真

【摘要】：基于規(guī)范性反饋的能源節(jié)約行為研究是國(guó)際上有關(guān)環(huán)境與行為理論與應(yīng)用的新興課題,在我國(guó)的實(shí)踐尚屬空白。雖然在美國(guó)已開(kāi)始了該領(lǐng)域的類似研究與實(shí)踐,但可借鑒的成果還很少,尤其是對(duì)環(huán)境與行為關(guān)系的理論分析、人的能源節(jié)約行為及其影響因素分析、規(guī)范性反饋干預(yù)政策的實(shí)驗(yàn)與仿真等方面的研究尚顯不足。因此,本文結(jié)合了Lewin場(chǎng)論、行為動(dòng)力理論及社會(huì)規(guī)范理論,運(yùn)用社區(qū)實(shí)驗(yàn)方法及基于Agent的建模與仿真方法,針對(duì)規(guī)范性反饋下的能源節(jié)約行為模式進(jìn)行了深入分析,對(duì)于規(guī)范性反饋的理論與其在能源節(jié)約領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用均起到了示范和借鑒作用。本文的主要工作及其創(chuàng)新如下:1.以規(guī)范性反饋的能源節(jié)約行為為研究對(duì)象,討論了環(huán)境、行為和干預(yù)三維度間的內(nèi)涵、外延以及相互作用機(jī)理,以數(shù)據(jù)空間及其映射方式構(gòu)建了節(jié)能行為的四層狀態(tài)空間結(jié)構(gòu)及其行為狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)移的邏輯框架,并應(yīng)用行為沖突的場(chǎng)力表示方法,建立了基于規(guī)范性反饋的行為模式,這是對(duì)Lewin場(chǎng)論的理論拓展。提出了觀點(diǎn)與環(huán)境行為的一致性、動(dòng)機(jī)與環(huán)境行為的一致性、規(guī)范性反饋與環(huán)境行為的一致性、激勵(lì)機(jī)制與環(huán)境行為的一致性等四種調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制。將α散度用于確定干預(yù)因素的隨機(jī)統(tǒng)計(jì)特性,進(jìn)而描述了干預(yù)隨機(jī)性對(duì)行為輸出的影響。2.針對(duì)能源節(jié)約行為研究是環(huán)境行為學(xué)、心理學(xué)交叉學(xué)科的復(fù)雜性特征以及目前研究上的不足,在綜合考慮了不確定線性時(shí)變系統(tǒng)、外部系統(tǒng)擾動(dòng)及最優(yōu)控制等條件下,首次提出了基于Agent建模、環(huán)境行為學(xué)與心理學(xué)的改進(jìn)Deffuant觀點(diǎn)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,刻畫(huà)出該系統(tǒng)中的個(gè)體微觀行為與群體行為間的屬性與關(guān)聯(lián),并討論了組織矯正下模型的優(yōu)化問(wèn)題,采用魯棒原理對(duì)模型在外部系統(tǒng)擾動(dòng)下系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了探討。3.針對(duì)以往研究缺乏非經(jīng)濟(jì)激勵(lì)下的規(guī)范性反饋理論研究及其實(shí)踐的情況,提出了在規(guī)范性反饋下非經(jīng)濟(jì)激勵(lì)方式的重要作用及其實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑。該觀點(diǎn)在社區(qū)實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)揮了很好的能源節(jié)約效果。這一結(jié)論可以為今后的規(guī)范性反饋節(jié)能項(xiàng)目提供理論與實(shí)踐依據(jù),規(guī)范性反饋方法可以被廣泛的用于那些無(wú)需居民個(gè)人繳電費(fèi)的社區(qū)(例如學(xué)校宿舍、職工宿舍等)以實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)約能源的目標(biāo)。此外,本文著重探索了地理臨近性及其他物理環(huán)境變量(包括房屋面積、單元類型、所屬小區(qū)、天氣因素)與節(jié)能量之間的關(guān)系,為規(guī)范性反饋機(jī)制充分發(fā)揮節(jié)能政策干預(yù)作用提供了可行性。4.將社區(qū)的家庭能源實(shí)驗(yàn)與基于Agent的復(fù)雜社會(huì)系統(tǒng)仿真相結(jié)合,采用心理學(xué)的大五性格特質(zhì)模型,根據(jù)人群開(kāi)放性性格特質(zhì),首次將人群分為六種類型,包括有效利他型、擅長(zhǎng)社交型、隨和型、自適應(yīng)型、傳統(tǒng)型以及極端保守型等,建立以人的性格特質(zhì)為基礎(chǔ)的行為干預(yù)模式。采用組織矯正下的改進(jìn)Deffuant模型,并提出了性格特質(zhì)驅(qū)動(dòng)的規(guī)范性反饋基準(zhǔn)值策略,使各類型性格居民甚至是極端保守主義者的用能行為都達(dá)到最優(yōu)控制。
[Abstract]:Based on normative feedback energy saving behavior research is a new subject of environment and behavior theory and Application on the international practice in China is still blank. Although it has begun a similar research and practice in this field in the United States, but the results are few, especially the analysis of the relationship between the environment and the theory of behavior analysis of energy saving, human behavior and its influence factors, normative research policy and other aspects of the experiment and Simulation of feedback is insufficient. Therefore, this paper combines the Lewin theory, behavior theory and social norm theory, using community experiment method and the method of modeling and simulation based on Agent, according to the specification of the feedback energy saving behavior is analyzed, the normative feedback theory and its application in energy conservation has played a demonstration and reference. The main work of this paper and its innovation The new are as follows: 1. in order to regulate the feedback energy saving behavior as the research object, discusses the connotation of environment, behavior and intervention dimension between the extension and the interaction mechanism, data space and its mapping to built a logical framework four layer structure of the state space and the behavior of energy transfer behavior, said method and field force the application of conflict, the establishment of norms of behavior model based on feedback, this is the development of Lewin field theory is proposed. The consistency of views and environmental behavior, environmental behavior motivation and consistency, consistency of normative feedback and environmental behavior, incentive mechanism and environmental behavior of the consistency of the four regulation the alpha divergence mechanism. Used to determine the statistical characteristics of interference factors, then describes the effects of randomness on the behavior of the output.2. for energy saving behavior research is environmental behavior psychology Characteristics of complexity science and the lack of research, considering the uncertain linear time-varying system, external disturbance and optimal control conditions, first proposed based on Agent modeling, environmental behavior model and improved Deffuant viewpoint of dynamic psychology, depict individual and collective behavior of the micro system the properties associated with the optimization problem is discussed under the organizational model correction, using robust principle of model in system stability under external disturbances are discussed based on the research situation of.3. lack of feedback theory research and practice standard non economic incentive, in the normative feedback non important economic incentive the way and the way of realization is put forward. The views in the community in the experiment has played a very good energy saving effect. This conclusion can be a standard for the future To provide theoretical and practical basis of feedback energy conservation project, normative feedback method can be widely used for those without individual residents pay electricity community (such as school dormitory, dormitory etc.) in order to achieve the purpose of saving energy. In addition, this paper discusses the geographical proximity and other physical environmental variables (including housing area, unit type the area, weather factors, and relationship between energy),.4. will provide the feasibility of family community energy experiment and Simulation of complex social system based on Agent combining normative feedback mechanism, give full play to the role of such policy interventions, the psychology of big five personality traits based on population model, open personality, for the first time the subjects were divided into six types, including effective altruistic type, social type, agreeableness, adaptive, traditional and extreme conservative, based on people's personality Behavioral intervention pattern of quality as the foundation. The improved Deffuant model correction, and puts forward the strategy of normative feedback reference value character driven, so that the various types of character residents and even extreme conservatives can use behavior to achieve optimal control.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F206
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本文編號(hào)：1371958