本文選題：嘉靖 + 大禮議　； 參考：《青海師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：致仕制度的起源很早，在發(fā)展過程中完成了從禮到法的轉(zhuǎn)變，到了明代，致仕制度已經(jīng)趨于成熟。嘉靖朝是明代中期一個重要的時期。嘉靖前期的嘉靖革新在一定程度上掃除了前代積累的弊病，使明代的統(tǒng)治重新煥發(fā)活力。后期由于嘉靖帝滿足于前期的成果，開始消極怠政，沉溺于求道長生之中，使朝政再次走向敗壞。 在前期革新政策實(shí)施的過程中，致仕制度作為革新政策的一項(xiàng)輔助政策進(jìn)行了調(diào)整，對于革新起到了積極作用。但是，由于嘉靖朝內(nèi)閣制度和首輔制度的變化，內(nèi)閣地位提升，位于六部之上，同時內(nèi)閣的權(quán)力增加，首輔權(quán)力最大，使首輔之爭日益激烈，前期黨爭還處于可控制范圍內(nèi)。中后期由于嘉靖帝的怠政和剛愎自用，風(fēng)氣日益敗壞，黨爭加劇，致仕成為很多官員逃離官場的選擇。筆者分析致仕的實(shí)施情況在一定程度上反映出當(dāng)時君臣之間的關(guān)系和政治是否安穩(wěn)。在致仕后，由于個人的心態(tài)、環(huán)境等因素的不同，官員的選擇也不相同。 本文采用宏觀和微觀相結(jié)合的分析方法，歸納整理明代嘉靖朝致仕制度的特點(diǎn)，總結(jié)嘉靖朝致仕制度的獨(dú)特之處。文章結(jié)構(gòu)主要分為三個部分：緒論、正文和余論。緒論主要探討了本文的選題意義、研究現(xiàn)狀、研究方法和框架。正文分為三章：第一章主要介紹了明代嘉靖朝之前致仕制度的沿革與發(fā)展。首先，按照時間順序介紹了致仕制度在明代之前發(fā)展的階段和程度。其次，介紹了嘉靖朝之前明代致仕制度的情況。明代是致仕制度發(fā)展趨向成熟的時期，在嘉靖朝之前明代的致仕制度就已經(jīng)基本成型，，嘉靖朝只是進(jìn)行了調(diào)整。第二章主要探討了嘉靖朝的致仕制度，首先介紹了嘉靖朝致仕制度調(diào)整的背景，其次介紹了在嘉靖朝時期致仕制度做了哪些調(diào)整。最后，將嘉靖朝官員致仕的類型分為主動致仕和被動致仕，對其進(jìn)行了分析。最后，圍繞官員致仕后的社會生活展開研究，就他們的私人生活和社會生活進(jìn)行分析。第三章對明代嘉靖朝致仕制度的特點(diǎn)、意義和局限性進(jìn)行了歸納分析，并對整篇文章進(jìn)行總結(jié)。余論主要是對正文部分進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充。 本文希望通過對嘉靖朝致仕制度的研究對現(xiàn)在的退休制度提供一些參考。
[Abstract]:The origin of the official system was very early. In the process of development, it completed the transformation from ceremony to law. By the Ming Dynasty, the official system had matured. Jiajing Dynasty was an important period in the middle of Ming Dynasty. The Jiajing innovation in the early period of Jiajing cleared away the malady accumulated in the previous generation to some extent, and made the rule of Ming Dynasty vigorous again. In the later period, because the Jiajing emperor satisfied with the early achievements, he began to be passive, indulged in seeking the Tao for a long life, and made the government go to ruin again. In the process of early implementation of innovation policy, the system of appointment as an auxiliary policy of innovation policy was adjusted, which played a positive role in innovation. However, due to the changes of the cabinet system and the first auxiliary system of Jiajing Dynasty, the cabinet position was elevated, which was above the six ministries. At the same time, the power of the cabinet increased, and the first auxiliary power was the largest, which made the controversy between the first and the second increasingly fierce, and the early party dispute was still within the scope of control. In the middle and later period, due to Jiajing Emperor's political incapacity and obstinacy, the atmosphere is getting worse and the party contention intensifies, which makes it a choice for many officials to escape from the official field. The author analyzes the implementation of the official to a certain extent reflects the relationship between the monarch and the political stability. After the official, due to the individual mentality, environment and other factors, officials are not the same choice. By combining macro and micro analysis, this paper summarizes the characteristics of the system of Jiajing Dynasty in Ming Dynasty, and summarizes the unique features of the system of Jiajing Dynasty. The structure of the article is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. Introduction mainly discusses the significance of the topic, research status, research methods and framework. The main body is divided into three chapters: the first chapter mainly introduces the evolution and development of the official system before Jiajing Dynasty in Ming Dynasty. First of all, according to the chronological order of the introduction of the system in the Ming Dynasty before the development of the stage and degree. Secondly, it introduces the system of the Ming Dynasty before Jiajing Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty was a mature period for the development of the official system. Before the Jiajing Dynasty, the official system of the Ming Dynasty was basically formed, and the Jiajing Dynasty was only adjusted. The second chapter mainly discusses the system of official in Jiajing Dynasty, first introduces the background of the system adjustment of Jiajing Dynasty, and then introduces what adjustments have been made in the period of Jiajing Dynasty. At last, the paper analyzes the types of Jiajing officials' official's appointment, which are active and passive. Finally, the paper studies the social life of officials after their official appointment, and analyzes their private life and social life. The third chapter summarizes the characteristics, significance and limitations of the system of Jiajing Dynasty in Ming Dynasty, and summarizes the whole article. The remainder is mainly a supplement to the text. This article hopes to provide some references to the present retirement system through the research of Jiajing Dynasty's official system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K248

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 吳琦;馬俊;;“乞休”與“掛冠”:晚明棄官現(xiàn)象與政治文化嬗變[J];安徽史學(xué);2012年02期

2 龔小峰;明代文官致仕問題研究[J];東南大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2005年06期

3 李萬祿;;金、明、清三朝官員的退休年齡[J];西部學(xué)壇;1994年03期

4 周桂林;論朱元璋興孝以行養(yǎng)老之政[J];河南大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);1988年04期

5 魏天輝;;明代文官致仕制度述論[J];廣西社會科學(xué);2008年03期

6 馬建民;陸寧;;明弘治年間馬文升乞休致仕考略[J];湖南科技學(xué)院學(xué)報;2010年09期

7 歐磊;;明代官員致仕情況初探[J];蘭州學(xué)刊;2008年12期

8 歐磊;;淺析明清官員致仕的年齡規(guī)定[J];蘭臺世界;2012年03期

9 歐磊;;明初在京文官致仕情況初探[J];天中學(xué)刊;2007年01期

10 李巖;;關(guān)于劉基致仕的幾個問題[J];社會科學(xué)戰(zhàn)線;2012年11期

本文編號：2025608