本文關(guān)鍵詞： 木制品 橫木 古今注 明通 納言 中國古代政治 稷下學宮 表達自由 言論自由 宗教自由 　出處：《炎黃春秋》2015年03期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：正從設誹謗之木到百家爭鳴據(jù)古書《古今注》記載,堯曾經(jīng)"設誹謗之木"。這種木制品是用一根橫木交叉在柱頭上,"形似桔槔,大路交衢悉施焉",既可以在上面書寫對政府的意見,又可作為路標。遠古傳說,堯為了鼓勵人民提意見,曾設置了木鼓。誰有建議或不滿,可以擊鼓示意。到舜的時候,這種以誹謗之木采納意見的方式,形成了政治制度。舜設有專司通信的官。司馬遷的《史記》說,舜曾設置22名"納言"的官,"明通四方耳目"。這些官員"夙夜出入",到各地聽取民間意見,并把舜的意
[Abstract]:From the Wood of Defamation to the contention of a hundred Schools of thought, according to the ancient book the Notes of the Ancient and present, Yao had once "set up a defamatory wood". This wood product was crossed on the stigma with a horizontal tree, "it looks like an orange shaft." In order to encourage the people to give advice, Yao has set up wooden drums. Anyone who has suggestions or dissatisfaction can signal to the government by playing drums. When Shun comes to Shun, Yao has set up wooden drums. In this way of adopting opinions by means of defamation, a political system was formed. Shun had a special official in charge of correspondence. Si Maqian's "Records of the historian" said, Shun used to set up 22 "Na Yan" officials, "Ming Tong four ears and eyes". These officials "early in the night" to listen to the local people's views, and Shun's intention
【作者單位】： 浙江大學新聞學院;
【分類號】：K207
，

本文編號：1552934