跨文化交際中的“行為定型”研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-14 04:33
【摘要】：隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速全球化和不同語(yǔ)言文化共同體之間的頻繁交往,民族文化的個(gè)性問題開始凸顯,跨文化交際問題也越來(lái)越受到學(xué)者們的重視。21世紀(jì)以來(lái),許多人文科學(xué)領(lǐng)域展開了對(duì)跨文化交際問題的研究,包括文化學(xué)、傳播學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)、語(yǔ)言文化學(xué)、民族心理學(xué)等。各學(xué)科從不同角度研究影響跨文化交際的因素,如外語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言能力、民族文化傳統(tǒng)、社會(huì)體制和民族心智特點(diǎn)等,但其目標(biāo)是共性的——探尋避免和消除跨文化交際障礙的方法和策略。 跨文化交際是具有不同語(yǔ)言文化共同體成員之間所實(shí)施的交際行為。行為是民族文化的一面鏡子,一個(gè)民族的文化特點(diǎn)必然會(huì)反映到其行為中,成為該民族特有的行為定型。近10年以來(lái),學(xué)者們開始注意到跨文化交際中民族“行為定型”的存在,把不同民族的行為定型特點(diǎn)看作是造成跨文化交際誤解與障礙的重要原因。我們?cè)谡J(rèn)同上述論點(diǎn)的同時(shí)認(rèn)為,要想避免跨文化交際的失敗,不僅需要了解特定情境下的民族行為定型特點(diǎn),還應(yīng)探究形成這些定型特點(diǎn)的深層因素,如民族心智、該民族通常遵循的行為規(guī)則和規(guī)范等。 在我國(guó)的高校俄語(yǔ)教學(xué)中,跨文化交際知識(shí)作為俄羅斯民族文化的一部分一直以消極被動(dòng)的方式進(jìn)行授課,即通過(guò)介紹語(yǔ)言文化涵義和傳統(tǒng)文化信息的形式,并用這些信息知識(shí)來(lái)闡釋俄羅斯民族的交際行為特點(diǎn)。我們認(rèn)為,要想讓學(xué)生真實(shí)地掌握所學(xué)語(yǔ)言文化共同體的交際行為特點(diǎn),首先應(yīng)有效地掌握他們的言語(yǔ)禮節(jié)、交際行為準(zhǔn)則和禁忌,以及普遍選擇的交際話題等具體的交際行為內(nèi)容,了解其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)交際情境下的行為定型。 本文以語(yǔ)言文化學(xué)領(lǐng)域的相關(guān)著述為理論依據(jù),研究交際行為的定型問題。通過(guò)對(duì)俄羅斯人在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)交際情境中言語(yǔ)行為特點(diǎn)的描述,提取俄羅斯民族交際行為的定型特點(diǎn),例證分析定型行為中的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范,探尋其中蘊(yùn)含的民族價(jià)值觀念和心智特點(diǎn)。學(xué)習(xí)其他民族行為的定型是順利進(jìn)行跨文化交際的必備條件,但該問題無(wú)論在俄羅斯,還是在我國(guó)學(xué)界還有待深化研究。該論文不僅可以豐富我國(guó)俄語(yǔ)跨文化交際知識(shí)教學(xué)的內(nèi)容,對(duì)提升俄語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的跨文化交際能力具有現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)意義,同時(shí)也是對(duì)通過(guò)民族行為定型分析來(lái)闡述民族心智特點(diǎn)的初步嘗試,因此,該選題對(duì)跨文化交際問題研究具有理論價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 論文由緒論、正文三章、結(jié)論及參考資料六部分構(gòu)成。在緒論部分主要闡述了論文選題目的,研究對(duì)象,研究的理論依據(jù),及其理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。論文的第一章是理論部分,綜述并分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外跨文化交際研究現(xiàn)狀和國(guó)內(nèi)跨文化交際教學(xué)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。我國(guó)的跨文化交際研究和跨文化交際知識(shí)教學(xué)很少涉及交際行為的內(nèi)容。我們認(rèn)為,在跨文化交際中具有民族色彩的交際行為定型問題卻是影響跨文化交際的重要因素,所以論文的第二章從“行為定型”的角度出發(fā)對(duì)交際行為和社交禮儀進(jìn)行了分析,本章選取俄羅斯人的幾個(gè)典型的社交情境,提取并分析他們交際行為的定型特點(diǎn)；論文的第三章分析并闡述影響俄羅斯民族行為定型的深層因素,如交際意識(shí)、交際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范,進(jìn)而歸納其中折射出的一些民族心智特點(diǎn)；基于以上論證我們得出結(jié)論：定型永遠(yuǎn)具有民族性；每個(gè)民族都有自己的行為定型；行為定型研究對(duì)克服跨文化交際障礙和闡釋民族心智具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid globalization of the world economy and the frequent communication among the various linguistic and cultural communities, the individual problem of the national culture is beginning to be highlighted, and the cross-cultural communication problem is becoming more and more important to the scholars. Since the 21st century, Many studies on cross-cultural communication have been carried out in many fields of human science, including culture, communication, sociology, language and culture, national psychology and so on. The various subjects study the factors that influence the cross-cultural communication, such as the language ability of the foreign language, the national cultural tradition, the social system and the national mental characteristics, but the goal is to seek to avoid and eliminate the methods and strategies of cross-cultural communication. Cross-cultural communication is a communication line between members with different language and cultural communities The behavior is a mirror of the national culture, and the cultural characteristics of a nation must be reflected in its behavior and become the characteristic of the nation. Since the last 10 years, scholars have begun to pay attention to the existence of national "behavior setting" in cross-cultural communication, and consider the characteristics of the behavior of different nationalities as an important source of the misunderstanding and the obstacle of cross-cultural communication. In recognition of the above-mentioned arguments, we believe that to avoid the failure of cross-cultural communication, it is not only necessary to understand the characteristics of ethnic behavior in a specific situation, but also to explore the deep factors that form these stereotypes, such as the national mind, the rules of conduct and the norms that the people usually follow. In our country's Russian-language teaching, the cross-cultural communication knowledge as part of the Russian national culture has been taught in a passive and passive way, that is, through the introduction of the cultural meaning of the language and the traditional cultural information Form, and use these information to explain the communication line of the Russian nation. In order to make the students master the communicative behavior of the language and culture community, we should be able to master the language etiquette, the communicative code of conduct and the taboos, as well as the communication topics and so on. For content, understand the lines in their standard communicative context This paper is based on the related works in the field of language and culture, and studies the communication behavior. Through the description of the characteristics of the speech act in the standard communication situation of the Russian people, the setting characteristics of the Russian national communication behavior are extracted, the standard and the standard in the analysis and setting behavior are exemplified, and the national values contained therein are explored. The study of other national behaviors is a prerequisite for the smooth and cross-cultural communication, but the problem is in Russia or in the academic circle of our country. The paper not only can enrich the content of the cross-cultural communication knowledge teaching in Russian, but also has a practical guiding significance for improving the cross-cultural communication ability of the Russian learners. Therefore, this topic is of theoretical value to the study of cross-cultural communication The paper is composed of the introduction, the three chapters, the conclusion and the reference. The main part of the introduction is the research object, the theoretical basis of the research, and the theoretical basis of the study. The first chapter of the thesis is the theoretical part, and the current situation of cross-cultural communication and the cross-cultural communication in China are reviewed and analyzed. The development of the teaching of cross-cultural communication and the teaching of cross-cultural communication are very few. The content of communication behavior is the main factor that influences the cross-cultural communication in the cross-cultural communication, so the second chapter of the thesis is the communication behavior and the social communication from the perspective of the "behavior setting". In this chapter, some typical social situations of the Russian people are selected to extract and analyze the shaping characteristics of their communication behavior. The third chapter of the thesis analyses and expounds the deep factors that affect the behavior of the Russian nation, such as the communication consciousness, The communication standards and norms, in turn, induce some of the national mental characteristics reflected in it; on the basis of the above, we have concluded that the setting will always be of the nationality; each nation has its own behavior shaping; the behavior setting study will overcome the cross-cultural communication obstacle and the interpretation of the national mind
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G05
本文編號(hào)：2499104
[Abstract]:With the rapid globalization of the world economy and the frequent communication among the various linguistic and cultural communities, the individual problem of the national culture is beginning to be highlighted, and the cross-cultural communication problem is becoming more and more important to the scholars. Since the 21st century, Many studies on cross-cultural communication have been carried out in many fields of human science, including culture, communication, sociology, language and culture, national psychology and so on. The various subjects study the factors that influence the cross-cultural communication, such as the language ability of the foreign language, the national cultural tradition, the social system and the national mental characteristics, but the goal is to seek to avoid and eliminate the methods and strategies of cross-cultural communication. Cross-cultural communication is a communication line between members with different language and cultural communities The behavior is a mirror of the national culture, and the cultural characteristics of a nation must be reflected in its behavior and become the characteristic of the nation. Since the last 10 years, scholars have begun to pay attention to the existence of national "behavior setting" in cross-cultural communication, and consider the characteristics of the behavior of different nationalities as an important source of the misunderstanding and the obstacle of cross-cultural communication. In recognition of the above-mentioned arguments, we believe that to avoid the failure of cross-cultural communication, it is not only necessary to understand the characteristics of ethnic behavior in a specific situation, but also to explore the deep factors that form these stereotypes, such as the national mind, the rules of conduct and the norms that the people usually follow. In our country's Russian-language teaching, the cross-cultural communication knowledge as part of the Russian national culture has been taught in a passive and passive way, that is, through the introduction of the cultural meaning of the language and the traditional cultural information Form, and use these information to explain the communication line of the Russian nation. In order to make the students master the communicative behavior of the language and culture community, we should be able to master the language etiquette, the communicative code of conduct and the taboos, as well as the communication topics and so on. For content, understand the lines in their standard communicative context This paper is based on the related works in the field of language and culture, and studies the communication behavior. Through the description of the characteristics of the speech act in the standard communication situation of the Russian people, the setting characteristics of the Russian national communication behavior are extracted, the standard and the standard in the analysis and setting behavior are exemplified, and the national values contained therein are explored. The study of other national behaviors is a prerequisite for the smooth and cross-cultural communication, but the problem is in Russia or in the academic circle of our country. The paper not only can enrich the content of the cross-cultural communication knowledge teaching in Russian, but also has a practical guiding significance for improving the cross-cultural communication ability of the Russian learners. Therefore, this topic is of theoretical value to the study of cross-cultural communication The paper is composed of the introduction, the three chapters, the conclusion and the reference. The main part of the introduction is the research object, the theoretical basis of the research, and the theoretical basis of the study. The first chapter of the thesis is the theoretical part, and the current situation of cross-cultural communication and the cross-cultural communication in China are reviewed and analyzed. The development of the teaching of cross-cultural communication and the teaching of cross-cultural communication are very few. The content of communication behavior is the main factor that influences the cross-cultural communication in the cross-cultural communication, so the second chapter of the thesis is the communication behavior and the social communication from the perspective of the "behavior setting". In this chapter, some typical social situations of the Russian people are selected to extract and analyze the shaping characteristics of their communication behavior. The third chapter of the thesis analyses and expounds the deep factors that affect the behavior of the Russian nation, such as the communication consciousness, The communication standards and norms, in turn, induce some of the national mental characteristics reflected in it; on the basis of the above, we have concluded that the setting will always be of the nationality; each nation has its own behavior shaping; the behavior setting study will overcome the cross-cultural communication obstacle and the interpretation of the national mind
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G05
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