【摘要】：作為世界三大糧食作物之一,玉米(Zea mays)是一種集糧食、飼料、工業(yè)原料于一體的高產(chǎn)糧食作物,在世界和我國農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中占著舉足輕重的地位。而玉米籽粒作為其產(chǎn)量最直接的體現(xiàn)載體,因此,研究此領(lǐng)域的相關(guān)基因?qū)τ诹私庥衩桩a(chǎn)量形成的遺傳機(jī)理具有重要的科學(xué)意義。籽粒突變體已然成為玉米研究領(lǐng)域的熱點(diǎn)之一。本研究從玉米Mutator轉(zhuǎn)座子活性系與鄭單958雜交后代中篩選到一個(gè)玉米籽粒變小的突變體,命名為sk-like1。經(jīng)多代自交發(fā)現(xiàn)該突變性狀依然表型明顯且能夠穩(wěn)定遺傳,經(jīng)遺傳測(cè)驗(yàn)結(jié)果得知野生型與突變體比例符合3:1,符合孟德爾遺傳規(guī)律,確定玉米小粒突變體sk-like1由一個(gè)隱性單基因控制。與正常籽粒相比,突變籽粒在長度、寬度、厚度等方面無明顯差異,但在百粒重上有著較顯著差異。突變體約有小于10%的出苗概率,但具體到每一分離穗上的小籽粒能否成苗,實(shí)際上與它的突變程度有很大的關(guān)系。在該基因定位工作上,首先利用BSR-seq技術(shù)將sk-like1基因初定位在玉米第8號(hào)染色體165~169Mb區(qū)間。在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過構(gòu)建以玉米自交系Mo17為背景的遺傳定位群體,經(jīng)SSR、sequenom等實(shí)驗(yàn),將sk-like1基因的定位區(qū)間逐步縮小至380kb范圍�？衫^續(xù)在此區(qū)間內(nèi)尋找SSR、In Del標(biāo)記及SNP位點(diǎn),以求進(jìn)一步縮小定位區(qū)間。根據(jù)玉米B73參考基因組序列發(fā)現(xiàn)這380kb區(qū)間內(nèi)有15個(gè)編碼蛋白的基因,擬逐個(gè)檢測(cè)這些基因在突變體和野生型之間的實(shí)際表達(dá)量差異,再結(jié)合進(jìn)一步的精細(xì)定位結(jié)果,以期確定sk-like1的候選基因。
[Abstract]:As one of the three major grain crops in the world, corn (Zea mays) is a kind of high-yield grain crop which integrates grain, feed and industrial raw materials, which plays an important role in agricultural production in the world and in China. Corn grain is the most direct embodiment of its yield. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance to study the related genes in this field in order to understand the genetic mechanism of corn yield formation. Grain mutants have become one of the hotspots in the field of corn research. In this study, a mutant named sk-like1. was screened from the progenies of maize Mutator transposon active line and Zhengdan 958 hybrid. After multiple generations of self-cross, it was found that the mutant was still phenotypic and stable. The results of genetic test showed that the ratio of wild type to mutant was in accordance with 3 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2484343