發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-11 07:43

【摘要】：【目的】確定SPL基因家族在不同物種之間的選擇性保留和丟失情況,為后續(xù)研究被子植物花發(fā)育提供參考。【方法】通過在擬南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)、毛果楊(Populus trichocarpa)、簸箕柳(Salix suchowensis)、葡萄(Vitis vinifera)、番木瓜(Carica papaya)、水稻(Oryza sativa)6種被子植物基因組中查找SPL結(jié)構(gòu)域,尋找6個(gè)物種的SPL同源序列。對所找到的SPL序列進(jìn)行BLASTN比對鑒定同源基因類型。使用自編Perl腳本結(jié)合K_aK_s_Calculator計(jì)算SPL同源基因的非同義突變(K_a)以及同義突變(K_s)值,采用共線性分析確定該基因家族的復(fù)制和擴(kuò)張方式�！窘Y(jié)果】在6種被子植物基因組中,共發(fā)現(xiàn)120個(gè)SPL基因。根據(jù)種內(nèi)和種間旁系同源、直系同源基因以及這些同源基因選擇壓的計(jì)算顯示:楊柳科SPL同源基因最多,共有旁系同源基因24對,直系同源基因50對;番木瓜沒有旁系同源基因。6個(gè)物種中,木本植物比草本植物直系同源基因更多,雙子葉植物比單子葉植物直系同源基因更多;所有旁系同源和直系同源基因的K_a/K_s值均小于1。系統(tǒng)發(fā)育樹的分析結(jié)果與基因同源性分析基本吻合,證明了這兩種分析方法具有較高的可靠性。此次研究選取了簸箕柳同一植株上開花和不開花的枝條進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)錄組測序分析,差異表達(dá)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)了1個(gè)SPL基因(willow_GLEAN_10025160)在兩種枝條的轉(zhuǎn)錄組中表達(dá)差異顯著(P≤0.01),其在開花枝條中的表達(dá)量顯著高于未開花枝條,該基因被選為SPL基因家族中參與簸箕柳開花調(diào)控的候選基因。【結(jié)論】通過對6個(gè)物種SPL基因家族的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)6個(gè)物種中所有直系同源和旁系同源基因都經(jīng)歷了純化選擇(K_a/K_s1),基因功能保守。這6個(gè)物種除了經(jīng)歷過全基因組復(fù)制事件,還發(fā)生過大規(guī)模的基因丟失或者通過其他方式產(chǎn)生的基因擴(kuò)張,闡明了它們在進(jìn)化歷史上的復(fù)制事件及SPL基因在不同物種中的選擇性保留與丟失情況,為進(jìn)一步研究其在調(diào)控簸箕柳開花中的作用提供了有力證據(jù)。
[Abstract]:[objective] to determine the selective retention and loss of SPL gene family among different species, [methods] the SPL domain was found in the genome of six angiosperms (Oryza sativa) from six angiosperms of Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis thaliana), poplar (Populus trichocarpa), dustpan willow (Salix suchowensis), grape (Vitis vinifera), papaya (Carica papaya), rice. SPL homologous sequences of 6 species were found. The SPL sequence was identified by BLASTN alignment. Using self-made Perl script and K_aK_s_Calculator to calculate the values of SPL homologous gene's non-synonymous mutation (K _ A) and synonymous mutation (K _ s), and using collinear analysis to determine the way of replication and expansion of the gene family. [results] in six angiosperms genomes, 120 SPL genes were found. According to the homology of intraspecific and interspecific lineal homologous genes and the selection pressure of these homologous genes, the results showed that the homologous genes of SPL in willow family were the most, with 24 pairs of homologous genes and 50 pairs of homologous genes of lineal line. Among the six species, there were more homologous genes in woody plants than in herbaceous plants, and more homologous genes in dicotyledonous plants than in monocotyledonous plants, and the K_a/K_s values of all homologous and lineal homologous genes were less than 1. The results of phylogenetic tree analysis are basically consistent with that of gene homology analysis, which proves that the two methods are reliable. In this study, the flowering and non-flowering branches on the same plant were selected for transcriptome sequencing analysis. Differential expression analysis showed that a SPL gene (willow_GLEAN_10025160) was significantly different in the transcriptional group of two branches (P 鈮，

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