本文選題：羽衣甘藍(lán) + 葉色��； 參考：《沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：羽衣甘藍(lán)(Brassica oleracea L.var.acephala DC)是二年生草本觀葉花卉,廣泛應(yīng)用于世界各地的園林綠化中。作為一種觀葉植物,羽衣甘藍(lán)葉色多變,可以產(chǎn)生白色、乳黃色、粉色、紅色和紫色等不同顏色的葉片,同時,因其在短期內(nèi)有較強(qiáng)的耐寒性,在晚秋、冬季及早春應(yīng)用廣泛。羽衣甘藍(lán)多變的葉色不僅具有觀賞價值,其所含的豐富花青素和類胡蘿卜素還對人類健康有益。為揭示羽衣甘藍(lán)著色程度與色素分布、含量與組分的關(guān)系以及花青素苷合成過程中相關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)錄因子的調(diào)控作用,本文通過徒手切片法、分光光度計法、高效液相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用技術(shù)(HPLC-MS)及半定量RT-PCR方法分別對羽衣甘藍(lán)所含主要色素的組織分布、含量、花青素苷組成成分及花青素苷合成過程中相關(guān)調(diào)控基因的表達(dá)進(jìn)行了研究,獲得的主要研究結(jié)果有:1.羽衣甘藍(lán)的粉色、紅色、紫色試材的呈色均是由于花青素的積累造成的,紫黑色試材的呈色則是花青素和葉綠素共同作用的結(jié)果;在粉色、紅色、紫色和紫黑色試材的胚軸和蓮座期心葉中,花青素均在臨近表皮的1-2層細(xì)胞呈集中分布;白色試材中未發(fā)現(xiàn)有花青素分布。2.在紅色系試材中,花青素含量隨葉色的加深大致呈遞增趨勢。即在無光合色素(葉綠素和類胡蘿卜素)干擾的情況下,隨花青素含量增加,心葉顏色加深�；ㄇ嗨嘏c葉綠素同時存在使得'Black 10'葉片顏色呈紫黑色,缺少花青素使得'White 9'葉片呈白色。3.四個由粉色到紫黑色的試材共鑒定出8種花青素苷組分,均為矢車菊素苷,其中1種未發(fā)生�；�、4種單�；�、3種雙酰基化。四個試材中,矢車菊-3-芥子酰阿魏酰-雙葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷的含量均為最高,為主要花青素苷組分,其次是矢車菊-3-芥子酰-雙葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷。4.羽衣甘藍(lán)花青素苷合成轉(zhuǎn)錄因子BoMYB2在紅色和粉色試材中均得到表達(dá),且在紅色試材中的表達(dá)量明顯高于粉色試材,BoMYB1和BobHLH1只在紅色試材中得到表達(dá),推測BoMYB2對花青素苷積累起關(guān)鍵調(diào)控作用,BoMYB1和BobHLH1起微效調(diào)控作用。本文研究結(jié)果可為羽衣甘藍(lán)葉色的遺傳和育種提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),也可為園林植物花色相關(guān)研究提供信息。
[Abstract]:Brassica oleracea L.var.acephala DC (Brassica oleracea L.var.acephala) is a biennial herbaceous foliage flower, which is widely used in landscaping all over the world. As a leaf-watching plant, kale leaves can produce white, milky yellow, pink, red and purple leaves with different colors. At the same time, they are widely used in late autumn, winter and early spring because of their strong cold tolerance in the short term. The changeable leaf color of kale not only has ornamental value, but also contains rich anthocyanins and carotenoids. In order to reveal the relationship between coloring degree and pigment distribution, the relationship between content and component, and the regulation of transcription factors in anthocyanin synthesis, the method of hand-cut and spectrophotometer was used to study the relationship between coloring degree and pigment distribution of Brassica oleracea and the regulation of transcription factors in the process of anthocyanin synthesis. High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and semi-quantitative RT-PCR were used to study the tissue distribution, content, anthocyanin components and the expression of related regulatory genes in the process of anthocyanin synthesis in Brassica oleracea. The main results of the study were: 1: 1. The pink, red and purple color of kale is caused by the accumulation of anthocyanin, while the color of purple black is the result of the combination of anthocyanin and chlorophyll; in pink, red, Anthocyanins were concentrated in 1-2 layers of cells near the epidermis in the cotyls of purple and purple black materials and in the central leaves of rosette stage, but no anthocyanin distribution was found in white materials. The content of anthocyanin increased with the deepening of leaf color. Without the interference of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoid), the color of heart leaves deepened with the increase of anthocyanin content. The presence of anthocyanin and chlorophyll makes the leaves of Black 10 'appear purple and black, and the leaves of White 9' are white. 3 without anthocyanin. A total of 8 anthocyanin components were identified from four samples from pink to purple black, all of them were cyanosin, one of which was not acylated and 4 were monoacylated and 3 were diacylated. Among the four materials, the content of -3- erucidyl ferulic acid-bisglucoside-5-glucoside was the highest, which was the main anthocyanin component, followed by that of cornflower-3-mustard acyl-bisglucoside-5-glucoside. The expression of BoMYB2, a transcription factor of anthocyanin synthesis in Brassica oleracea, was expressed in both red and pink samples, and the expression level in red sample was significantly higher than that in pink sample and only in red sample. It is speculated that BoMYB2 plays a key role in anthocyanin accumulation. BoMYB1 and BobHLH1 play a minor role in regulating anthocyanin accumulation. The results can provide the basic data for the inheritance and breeding of the leaf color of Brassica oleracea, and also provide information for the study of flower color of garden plants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S681.9;Q943.2

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