本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于三維生態(tài)足跡模型優(yōu)化的自然資本利用國際比較，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

基于三維生態(tài)足跡模型優(yōu)化的自然資本利用國際比較

International comparison of natural capital use： A three-dimensional model optimization of ecological footprint

[1] [2] [3]

FANG Kai1, GAO Kai2, LI Huancheng3 （1. Institute of Environmental Sciences （CML）, Leiden University, Leiden 2333CC, South Holland, The Netherlands; 2. College of Environment

[1]荷蘭萊頓大學(xué)環(huán)境科學(xué)系,萊頓2333CC; [2]吉林大學(xué)環(huán)境與資源學(xué)院,長春130012; [3]深圳市環(huán)境科學(xué)研究院,深圳518001

文章摘要：維持自然資本存量恒定是人類社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)。在介紹三維生態(tài)足跡模型的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)推導(dǎo)的區(qū)域足跡廣度和區(qū)域足跡深度的計算公式，評估和比較2007年全球11個主要國家的自然資本利用狀況，并分析模型優(yōu)化前后的結(jié)果差異。結(jié)果表明：①全球自然資本流量的人均占用為1．71hm。，人類需要1．55個地球才能支撐其資源消費量，化石能源碳排放是最主要的存量自然資本利用方式和生態(tài)超載驅(qū)動力；。②各國的流量資本占用能力依次為加拿大〉俄羅斯〉美國〉巴西〉法國〉德國〉全球〉意大利〉中國〉英國〉日本〉印度，存量資本消耗程度則基本呈逆向排列；③美、法、德等發(fā)達(dá)國家所利用的人均流量資本和存量資本均明顯高于全球平均水平，應(yīng)給予印、中等發(fā)展中國家一定的配額補(bǔ)償；④模型優(yōu)化后，，全球人均足跡廣度減少了0．09hm。，足跡深度則增加了0．05，這更符合各國自然資本利用和生態(tài)赤字的實際；⑤中國面臨增加國民收入和控制生態(tài)赤字的雙重挑戰(zhàn)，應(yīng)將草地作為資本利用的優(yōu)先方向，并適當(dāng)控制城鎮(zhèn)擴(kuò)張速度。

Abstr：Humanity can be considered sustainable only if the natural capital stocks remain constant. The basic concepts and methodologies of a three-dimensional model of ecological footprint were introduced by this paper. Then much emphasis was put on the derivation and calculation of two indicators- regional footprint depth and regional footprint size so as to optimize the model. Taking this as the basis, an assessment and comparison of natural capital use in 11 major countries in 2007 were performed. Moreover, the fact was provided that results differed before and after optimization. The results demonstrated the following. First, the world-average appropriation of natural capital flows per capita was 1.71 ha, and more than one and a half planets were necessary to support the resource consumption of world＇ s inhabitants. Fossil-fuel carbon emissions were the dominant pattern of natural capital use and the major driver of ecological overshoot on the globe. Second, the descending order of countries that occupy the capital flows was Canada, Russia, USA, Brazil, France, Germany, the world-average, Italy, China, UK, Japan and India. Conversely, the ascending order of countries that deplete capital stocks was Canada, Brazil, Russia （the three of them almost deplete nothing）, the world-average, France, India, China, USA, Germany, UK, Italy and Japan. Third, some developed countries like the USA, France and Germany were obligated to pay compensation to developing countries, as the capital flows and stocks they used are both much more than the world average. Fourth, the world-average footprint size per capita decreased by 0.09 ha while the footprint depth increased by 0.05 comparing models with or without optimization. In pa

文章關(guān)鍵詞：

Keyword：:natural capital three-dimensional ecological footprint footprint size footprintdepth model optimization international comparison

課題項目：國家公派留學(xué)基金項目（20113005）

作者信息：會員可見

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于三維生態(tài)足跡模型優(yōu)化的自然資本利用國際比較，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。