【摘要】：中國(guó)郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行自成立以來(lái)就立足于服務(wù)“三農(nóng)”的市場(chǎng)定位,積極探索一條有中國(guó)特色的農(nóng)村金融之路,努力構(gòu)建一種金融業(yè)與“三農(nóng)”共贏的盈利模式。自2007年中國(guó)郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行試點(diǎn)開(kāi)辦“好借好還”小額貸款業(yè)務(wù)以來(lái),經(jīng)過(guò)5年多的時(shí)間,郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行小額貸款業(yè)務(wù)取得了不錯(cuò)的成績(jī),切實(shí)服務(wù)了“三農(nóng)”,為廣大農(nóng)村地區(qū)提供了金融服務(wù)；也為郵儲(chǔ)銀行的全面轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)揮了重要作用。但隨著業(yè)務(wù)不斷發(fā)展,在部分省市小額貸款業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展卻進(jìn)入了瓶頸期,業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展速度放緩、不良貸款率不斷攀升、資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量下滑等問(wèn)題開(kāi)始困擾著郵儲(chǔ)銀行。如何實(shí)現(xiàn)中國(guó)郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行農(nóng)村小額信貸業(yè)務(wù)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,成為當(dāng)前郵儲(chǔ)銀行迫切需要解決的問(wèn)題。 郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行的可持續(xù)發(fā)展不僅是指農(nóng)村小額貸款業(yè)務(wù)及農(nóng)村小額貸款業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營(yíng)機(jī)構(gòu)的持久生存,也包括農(nóng)村小額貸款市場(chǎng)份額的持續(xù)增長(zhǎng),還包括農(nóng)村小額信貸通過(guò)金融創(chuàng)新和產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新實(shí)現(xiàn)適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)需求的能力增強(qiáng)過(guò)程。從當(dāng)前郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行開(kāi)辦的農(nóng)村小額貸款業(yè)務(wù)來(lái)看,利率水平固定、貸款期限短、額度小、小組聯(lián)保的正向作用未能得到有效發(fā)揮等問(wèn)題,再加上農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)本身存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大、價(jià)格波動(dòng)大、農(nóng)戶自身抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力弱,以及農(nóng)戶自身的信用意識(shí)不強(qiáng),經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力差等原因,信貸客戶經(jīng)理業(yè)務(wù)素質(zhì)不高、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范能力不強(qiáng)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范意識(shí)差等使得農(nóng)村小額貸款持續(xù)發(fā)展困難重重。 本文從農(nóng)村小額貸款的定義出發(fā),通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外小額貸款的發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)的對(duì)比,對(duì)中國(guó)郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行農(nóng)村小額貸款的發(fā)展軌跡進(jìn)行分析研究,運(yùn)用案例分析、比較分析和統(tǒng)計(jì)描述等方式方法,研究制約中國(guó)郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行小額信貸業(yè)務(wù)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的因素,并對(duì)如何促進(jìn)中國(guó)郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行小額信貸業(yè)務(wù)可持續(xù)發(fā)展提出了相應(yīng)的對(duì)策和建議。
[Abstract]:Since its establishment, the Postal savings Bank of China has been based on the market orientation of serving the "three rural areas", actively exploring a rural financial road with Chinese characteristics, and striving to build a win-win profit model between the financial industry and the "three rural areas". Since 2007, when the Postal savings Bank of China started the small loan business of "good loans and good loans" on a pilot basis, after more than five years, the postal savings bank has achieved good results in its microfinance business and has effectively served the "three rural areas". Providing financial services to the vast rural areas; It also plays an important role in the overall transformation of Postal savings Bank. However, with the continuous development of business, the development of micro-loan business in some provinces and cities has entered a bottleneck period, business development slowed down, the non-performing loan rate continued to climb, the quality of assets declined and other problems began to haunt the Postal savings Bank. How to realize the sustainable development of the rural micro-credit business of China Postal savings Bank has become an urgent problem to be solved by the Postal savings Bank. The sustainable development of the postal savings bank not only refers to the sustainable survival of the rural micro-loan business and the rural micro-loan business management institutions, but also includes the sustained growth of the market share of the rural micro-credit. It also includes the process of enhancing the ability of rural microfinance to adapt to market demand through financial innovation and product innovation. Judging from the current rural microfinance business run by the Postal savings Bank, the interest rate is fixed, the loan period is short and the amount is small, and the positive role of the group's protection is not effectively brought into play. In addition, the risks of agricultural production itself are high. Due to the large price fluctuation, the weak anti-risk ability of farmers themselves, the weak credit consciousness of farmers themselves and the poor economic strength, the quality of credit account managers is not high, and the ability of risk prevention is not strong. Poor awareness of risk prevention makes the sustainable development of small loans in rural areas a lot of difficulties. This paper starts from the definition of rural microfinance, through the comparison of the development experience of the domestic and foreign microfinance, analyzes and studies the development track of the rural micro-credit of China Postal savings Bank, and applies the case study. Through comparative analysis and statistical description, this paper studies the factors that restrict the sustainable development of micro-credit business of China Postal savings Bank. The corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on how to promote the sustainable development of micro-credit business of China Postal savings Bank are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.43

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