【摘要】：農(nóng)發(fā)行是我國現(xiàn)階段農(nóng)村金融的重要組成部分,致力于服務(wù)“三農(nóng)”,解決農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村、農(nóng)民落后的市場環(huán)境的問題,在帶動農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、提高農(nóng)民收入、提高農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)中發(fā)揮重要作用。目前,為了確保農(nóng)發(fā)行,控制農(nóng)發(fā)行的信貸風險管理問題成為農(nóng)發(fā)行面臨的重要挑戰(zhàn)和關(guān)鍵問題。 論文結(jié)合Z農(nóng)發(fā)行的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和貸款分類業(yè)務(wù),首先闡述論文的研究背景,綜述國內(nèi)外研究文獻；其次,分析Z農(nóng)發(fā)行作為政策性銀行的信貸風險特征及其管理現(xiàn)狀。剖析Z農(nóng)發(fā)行信貸風險的具體表現(xiàn)和信貸風險產(chǎn)生的原因,如國家政策為主導、信貸資金來源單一、先天的資產(chǎn)包袱較重和糧油價格市場化等。再次,結(jié)合Z農(nóng)發(fā)行目前信貸管理現(xiàn)狀,找出Z農(nóng)發(fā)行信貸風險管理中存在四類問題：第一,信貸管理制度中規(guī)章制度不健全和貸款風險管理責任不清晰；第二,信貸審批和監(jiān)控機制方面,缺乏有效的信貸審批約束機制和信貸風險監(jiān)測手段落后；第三,信貸風險化解和補償機制中,風險化解途徑單一和風險補償與分散渠道受限；第四,人員素質(zhì)方面,全面風險管理意識薄弱、信貸客戶管理水平較低、缺乏有效的風險管理制度執(zhí)行力,以及隊伍建設(shè)與業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展不匹配等。最后,提出Z農(nóng)發(fā)行政策性特色的信貸風險管理策略：(1)完善風險管理制度及其執(zhí)行力；(2)改進信貸風險預警系統(tǒng),開發(fā)信貸風險計量方法和應(yīng)用壓力測試法；(3)建立政策性貸款準入制度,貸款準確定位,推進貸款項目審查的定量化建設(shè)；(4)建立系統(tǒng)性的信貸資金管理機制,包括資金推出機制、資金使用約束機制、不良貸款分散和補償機制等；(5)建設(shè)全員信貸風險管理文化,培養(yǎng)員工風險管理意識、鞏固風險管理文化建設(shè),建立有效的授信約束激勵機制。 論文基于提出農(nóng)發(fā)行政策性信貸風險管理策略研究為出發(fā)點,保證農(nóng)發(fā)行服務(wù)好“三農(nóng)”的基礎(chǔ)上,增強自身的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,僅僅基于Z農(nóng)發(fā)行現(xiàn)狀,提出微觀操作層面的建議,實踐操作過程中可能還會遇到各種障礙和困難,還有待于今后在實踐中不斷加以改進。
[Abstract]:The Agricultural Development Bank is an important part of rural finance in our country at the present stage. It is committed to serving the "three rural areas", solving the problems of the backward market environment of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, promoting the development of rural economy and raising farmers' income. We will play an important role in improving rural infrastructure construction. At present, in order to ensure Agricultural Development Bank, controlling the credit risk management of Agricultural Development Bank has become an important challenge and key problem. Based on the development situation and loan classification business of the Agricultural Development Bank of Z, this paper firstly expounds the research background of the paper, summarizes the domestic and foreign research literature; secondly, analyzes the credit risk characteristics and management status of the policy bank of Z Agricultural Development Bank. The paper analyzes the concrete performance of the credit risk and the causes of the credit risk, such as the national policy, the single source of credit funds, the heavy asset burden and the marketization of grain and oil prices. Thirdly, combining with the current situation of credit management of Agricultural Development Bank of Z, we find out four kinds of problems in credit risk management of Agricultural Development Bank of Z: first, the rules and regulations of credit management system are not perfect and the responsibility of credit risk management is not clear; Second, the credit examination and approval and monitoring mechanism, the lack of effective credit examination and approval constraint mechanism and credit risk monitoring means lag behind; third, in the credit risk resolution and compensation mechanism, the risk resolution approach is single and the risk compensation and dispersion channels are limited. Fourth, the personnel quality, the overall risk management consciousness is weak, the credit customer management level is low, lacks the effective risk management system execution ability, and the troop construction and the business development does not match and so on. Finally, the paper puts forward the credit risk management strategy with the policy characteristics of the Agricultural Development Bank: (1) perfecting the risk management system and its executive power, (2) improving the credit risk warning system, developing the credit risk measurement method and applying the stress test method; (3) establishing the policy loan access system, the accurate orientation of the loan, and promoting the quantitative construction of the loan project review; (4) establishing systematic credit fund management mechanism, including fund launch mechanism, capital use restriction mechanism, non-performing loan dispersion and compensation mechanism, etc. (5) to construct the credit risk management culture of the whole staff, to train the staff's risk management consciousness, to consolidate the risk management culture construction, and to establish an effective credit incentive mechanism. Based on the research of the policy credit risk management strategy of the Agricultural Development Bank, the paper strengthens its sustainable development, only based on the current situation of Z Agricultural Development Bank, on the basis of ensuring the Agricultural Development Bank to serve the "agriculture, countryside and farmers" well. Some suggestions on micro operation level are put forward, and some obstacles and difficulties may be encountered in the course of practice, which still need to be improved in practice in the future.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.4

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