【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)對我國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響力巨大。近年來,在國家的大力扶持下,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的質(zhì)與量都有了飛躍式提升。但由于地理?xiàng)l件、氣候差異、歷史原因和農(nóng)業(yè)本身的弱質(zhì)性等因素,造成我國農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)集約化程度低,小規(guī)模農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營主體構(gòu)成農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的主要?jiǎng)恿ΑＬ貏e是小微企業(yè),已成為市場上最活躍的力量,其對經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、提供就業(yè)、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新等都有著十分重要的作用。但由于規(guī)模小、資產(chǎn)量少、財(cái)務(wù)信息不規(guī)范等因素,造成我國農(nóng)業(yè)小微企業(yè)融資困難,發(fā)展嚴(yán)重受阻。本文通過對有關(guān)農(nóng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與農(nóng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理、農(nóng)業(yè)小額貸款和企業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系等相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行梳理,對各個(gè)要素的概念、分類、特征及其成因等相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行闡述,再對我國農(nóng)業(yè)小微企業(yè)進(jìn)行小額貸款的外部環(huán)境及自身狀況進(jìn)行分析,認(rèn)為要解決農(nóng)業(yè)小微企業(yè)貸款難的問題,首先要消除金融機(jī)構(gòu)與企業(yè)間的信息不對稱。解決這個(gè)問題的途徑之一便是構(gòu)建一個(gè)適用于農(nóng)業(yè)小微企業(yè)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,以便涉農(nóng)金融機(jī)構(gòu)能夠更加客觀地對農(nóng)業(yè)小微企業(yè)的小額貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)做出評價(jià)。本文參考一般風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的構(gòu)建原則,按照層次分析法的一般步驟,構(gòu)建了一個(gè)包含有7方面因素的24個(gè)指標(biāo)在內(nèi)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)綜合評價(jià)。綜合評價(jià)方法形成后,本文運(yùn)用該指標(biāo)體系結(jié)合A牧業(yè)公司小額貸款項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)綜合評價(jià),采用數(shù)量分析手段對A牧業(yè)公司進(jìn)行信用評級,進(jìn)而對該貸款項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)得出評價(jià)結(jié)論。最后對以上研究內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié),對研究成果的應(yīng)用及今后還要進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充完善的方向做出展望。
[Abstract]:Agriculture has great influence on our national economy. In recent years, with the support of the country, the quality and quantity of agricultural production have been improved by leaps and bounds. However, due to geographical conditions, climate differences, historical reasons and the weakness of agriculture itself, the degree of intensification of agricultural production in China is low, and the main body of small-scale agricultural production and management constitutes the main driving force for the development of agricultural economy. In particular, small and micro enterprises have become the most active force in the market, which plays a very important role in economic development, providing employment, technological innovation and so on. However, because of the small scale, the small amount of assets, the non-standard financial information and other factors, it is difficult to finance the agricultural small and micro enterprises in our country, and the development of the small and micro enterprises is seriously hindered. Through combing the related literature on agricultural risk and agricultural risk management, agricultural micro-credit and enterprise risk evaluation index system, this paper expounds the concept, classification, characteristics and causes of each element. After analyzing the external environment and its own condition of the small and micro agricultural enterprises in our country, it is concluded that in order to solve the problem of the loan difficulty of the agricultural small and micro enterprises, the information asymmetry between the financial institutions and the enterprises should be eliminated first of all. One of the ways to solve this problem is to construct a risk evaluation index system suitable for agricultural small and micro enterprises, so that agricultural financial institutions can evaluate the risk of small and micro agricultural loans more objectively. According to the general steps of Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), this paper constructs a risk evaluation index system which includes 24 indexes with seven factors, according to the principles of the general risk evaluation index system. On this basis, comprehensive risk evaluation is carried out. After the comprehensive evaluation method is formed, this paper uses the index system to carry on the risk comprehensive evaluation with the A animal husbandry company small loan project, uses the quantity analysis method to carry on the credit rating to the A animal husbandry company. Furthermore, the risk of the loan project is evaluated. Finally, the above research content is summarized, and the application of the research results and the direction of further supplement and perfection are prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832.43

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