【摘要】：道路客運(yùn)經(jīng)過多年的持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)式發(fā)展,道路客運(yùn)的發(fā)展出現(xiàn)拐點(diǎn)。尤其在東部地區(qū),高鐵網(wǎng)絡(luò)相對(duì)發(fā)達(dá),對(duì)道路客運(yùn)業(yè)所造成的沖擊更加明顯。道路客運(yùn)業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)變差,現(xiàn)有企業(yè)的生存和發(fā)展困難。行業(yè)管理模式是重要誘因,相應(yīng)的原先隱藏于高速發(fā)展背后的行業(yè)管理弊端逐漸凸顯。針對(duì)行業(yè)特征,研究可行的行業(yè)管理改革方案,系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)改革原則和基礎(chǔ),對(duì)我國(guó)道路客運(yùn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展具有重要意義。從客運(yùn)發(fā)展歷史入手,分析現(xiàn)行客運(yùn)管理產(chǎn)生背景和原因。利用問卷調(diào)研旅客的出行特征,分析不同因素對(duì)客運(yùn)的影響,研究需求特點(diǎn)。研究道路客運(yùn)的市場(chǎng)供給情況,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析站內(nèi)市場(chǎng)和站外市場(chǎng)運(yùn)行特點(diǎn)。匯總分析各項(xiàng)調(diào)研結(jié)果,從行業(yè)管理、企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)、客運(yùn)站場(chǎng)和市場(chǎng)機(jī)制四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析,歸納問題產(chǎn)生原因。擬定出行業(yè)管理改革初步方案,調(diào)研行業(yè)管理部門和企業(yè),確定改革實(shí)施方案�，F(xiàn)有管理模式不能適應(yīng)道路客運(yùn)發(fā)展的新形勢(shì)。便捷是影響旅客出行方式選擇的關(guān)鍵,價(jià)格不再敏感。而市場(chǎng)供給中,站內(nèi)市場(chǎng)表現(xiàn)的便捷性較差,服務(wù)質(zhì)量較低,站外市場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)期存在的問題并未能解決。從整體來(lái)看,政府、企業(yè)和市場(chǎng)之間,形成錯(cuò)位的同時(shí)又未能及時(shí)調(diào)整,造成企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)的極大束縛。通過改革,可以進(jìn)一步放權(quán)簡(jiǎn)政,將與企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)行為相關(guān)的內(nèi)容還給市場(chǎng),才有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)市場(chǎng)中的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)規(guī)則。以審批模式為主的行業(yè)管理,不僅束縛企業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)調(diào)整,而且成為行業(yè)健康發(fā)展的巨大阻力。市場(chǎng)規(guī)則和運(yùn)行模式尚未建立,需要從實(shí)際需求出發(fā)進(jìn)行深入改革,才能釋放市場(chǎng)的活力,充分發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)在資源配置中的決定作用。
[Abstract]:After years of continuous growth of road passenger transport, the development of road passenger transport appears inflection point. Especially in the eastern region, high-speed rail network is relatively developed, the impact on the road passenger transport industry is more obvious. The operation of road passenger transport industry has become worse, and the existing enterprises have difficulty in survival and development. The industry management model is an important inducement, the corresponding industry management malpractice hidden behind the high-speed development gradually highlights. According to the characteristics of the industry, it is of great significance for the healthy development of China's road passenger transport industry to study the feasible scheme of industry management reform and systematic design of reform principles and foundations. Starting from the history of passenger transport development, this paper analyzes the background and causes of current passenger transport management. This paper investigates the travel characteristics of passengers by questionnaire, analyzes the influence of different factors on passenger transportation, and studies the characteristics of demand. This paper studies the market supply of road passenger transportation, and analyzes the operating characteristics of the market inside and outside the station. The research results are summarized and analyzed systematically from four aspects: industry management, enterprise management, passenger terminal and market mechanism, and the causes of the problems are summed up. Draw up a preliminary plan for industry management reform, investigate industry management departments and enterprises, and determine the implementation plan of the reform. The existing management mode can not adapt to the new situation of road passenger transport development. Convenience is the key to the choice of passenger travel mode, price is no longer sensitive. In the market supply, the market performance in the station is poor, the service quality is low, and the problems existing in the off-station market have not been solved for a long time. On the whole, the government, enterprises and the market, the formation of dislocation at the same time failed to adjust in time, resulting in great constraints of enterprise management. Through the reform, it is possible to realize the competition rules in the market by further devolving power and simple administration, and returning the contents related to the business behavior of the enterprise to the market. The industry management based on examination and approval mode not only restrains the management adjustment of enterprises, but also becomes a great resistance to the healthy development of the industry. The market rules and operation mode have not been established yet, so it is necessary to carry on the thorough reform from the actual demand, in order to release the vitality of the market and give full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F542

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