【摘要】：隨著國民經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展，城市化水平的不斷深入和人民收入水平的不斷提高，城市居民出行的機動化不斷提高，由城市機動化所引發(fā)的土地資源與能源緊張、交通擁擠、交通事故、環(huán)境污染等問題日益受到關(guān)注。 隨著私家車的保有量的不斷增長，城市居民私家車出行越來越多，而上下班高峰期，私家車成為擁堵的主要原因。同時私家車實載率較低、在一定程度上造成汽車廢氣排放量增加、交通堵塞等一系列的問題，困擾著城市交通行業(yè)的健康發(fā)展，因此提高私家車的實載率成為緩解交通壓力的有效途徑。私家車共乘是在城市道路交通運能緊張的情況下產(chǎn)生的一種新的交通方式。本文通過“共乘”的發(fā)展為根源，，結(jié)合我國私家車發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀，將私家車共乘的可行性作為研究對象，具有顯著的實踐研究意義和創(chuàng)造性，同時為目前較混亂的私家車共乘，提供一個很好的規(guī)范化、完整化的發(fā)展方向和模式，從而實現(xiàn)提高交通運輸效率，節(jié)約乘客出行時間成本，減少能源消耗。本文首先分析了城市交通擁堵的屬性、原因擁堵的規(guī)律，并作出了交通擁堵的經(jīng)濟分析，為私家車共乘的實施提供了前提條件；并根據(jù)目前我國城市交通的特點和客運需求程度，剖析了私家車在我國發(fā)展的可操作性、適應(yīng)性、經(jīng)濟可行性和社會可行性。再者考慮到私家車共乘的規(guī)范化和制度化，本文提出了私家車共乘的模式和邊界，以及共乘車輛的準入與退出和相關(guān)的質(zhì)量服務(wù)管理。最后，結(jié)合目前我國私家車共乘的現(xiàn)狀，從政策層面提出了相關(guān)的建議。 本文通過對私家車共乘可行性研究的研究，認為私家車共乘在城市交通發(fā)展實踐中將具有巨大的現(xiàn)實意義�？茖W(xué)合理的發(fā)展私家車共乘服務(wù)能夠充分利用現(xiàn)有的資源，有效的提高其運營效率，在一定程度上緩解城市交通壓力;對于搭乘者來講，既能夠滿足便捷、舒適的乘車要求，又能夠節(jié)約出行成本，從而實現(xiàn)雙贏的效果。伴隨著這種拼車出行方式的普及，可以大大減少能源消耗，改善城市大氣污染，具有積極的社會效益和經(jīng)濟效益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, the deepening of urbanization and the continuous improvement of people's income, the motorization of urban residents' travel has been continuously improved, the land resources and energy resources caused by urban motorization are tight, and the traffic is congested. Traffic accidents and environmental pollution are getting more and more attention. With the increasing number of private cars, private cars travel more and more, and during the rush hour, private cars become the main cause of congestion. At the same time, private cars have a low real load rate, which to some extent leads to a series of problems, such as an increase in vehicle emissions, traffic jams, and so on, which are bothering the healthy development of the urban transportation industry. Therefore, increasing the real-load rate of private cars is an effective way to relieve traffic pressure. Private car co-riding is a new traffic mode under the condition of urban road traffic capacity is tight. Through the development of "co-riding" as the root, combined with the current situation of private car development in China, the feasibility of private car co-ride as the research object, which has significant practical significance and creativity, at the same time for the chaotic private car co-ride. It provides a good development direction and mode of standardization and integrity, which can improve transportation efficiency, save passenger travel time cost and reduce energy consumption. Firstly, this paper analyzes the attributes of urban traffic congestion and the rules of traffic congestion, and makes the economic analysis of traffic congestion, which provides a prerequisite for the implementation of private car co-riding. According to the characteristics of urban traffic and the degree of passenger transport demand, the paper analyzes the maneuverability, adaptability, economic feasibility and social feasibility of private car development in China. Furthermore, considering the standardization and institutionalization of private car co-riding, this paper puts forward the model and boundary of private car co-riding, the admission and exit of co-ride vehicle and the related quality service management. Finally, according to the current situation of private car co-ride in China, the relevant suggestions are put forward from the policy level. Based on the study of the feasibility of private car co-riding, this paper thinks that private car co-riding will have great practical significance in the practice of urban traffic development. Scientific and reasonable development of private car co-ride service can make full use of existing resources, effectively improve its operational efficiency, to a certain extent alleviate the pressure of urban traffic; for passengers, can not only meet the convenient and comfortable ride requirements, Can also save travel costs, thus achieving a win-win effect. With the popularity of this carpool mode, energy consumption can be greatly reduced, urban air pollution can be improved, with positive social and economic benefits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F572

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