本文選題：城市軌道交通線路 + 票價策略�。� 參考：《中南大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：摘要：票價策略是城市軌道交通經(jīng)營定位決策的重要組成部分,是吸引客流和取得適當(dāng)客流市場份額的關(guān)鍵因素,對城市軌道交通的經(jīng)營狀況和競爭能力起到?jīng)Q定性的作用。因此,結(jié)合運(yùn)營服務(wù)水平合理制定票價,對充分發(fā)揮城市軌道交通的作用,實現(xiàn)城市軌道交通的健康發(fā)展具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文首先對國內(nèi)外城市軌道交通發(fā)展和票價策略的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,指出了票價策略制定對于城市軌道交通規(guī)劃、運(yùn)營和發(fā)展的重要意義和作用。將城市軌道交通票價策略劃分為票制方案和票價水平兩部分,票制方案包括單一票制、計程票制和計站票制等,對票價策略的優(yōu)化目標(biāo)、影響因素和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理進(jìn)行了分析。提出了基于客流彈性需求下運(yùn)營企業(yè)的列車開行決策,建立了以包含客流需求和運(yùn)營效益的社會利益最大化為目標(biāo)函數(shù)的軌道交通線路票價策略模型,對各種票制下的票價策略優(yōu)化進(jìn)行了全面考慮。模型體現(xiàn)了軌道交通客流需求與運(yùn)營服務(wù)水平和票價水平等因素構(gòu)成的乘客廣義出行費(fèi)用之間的關(guān)系,并在模型中采用運(yùn)營企業(yè)的服務(wù)水平刻畫列車開行頻率。根據(jù)模型特點(diǎn),設(shè)計了模擬退火算法求解。以長沙地鐵2號線為例,計算得出了單一票制、按里程計價票制和按跨越站數(shù)計價票制的最優(yōu)票價水平,并以此為基礎(chǔ)給出了實用票價策略,對開行間隔等因素進(jìn)行了敏感性分析。最后,建立了城市軌道交通票價策略評價體系,評價指標(biāo)涵蓋了運(yùn)營企業(yè)、乘客和社會整體利益三個方面,分析評價了不同票制下的最優(yōu)票價水平,并通過與國內(nèi)其他城市的橫向比較,給出了長沙地鐵2號線運(yùn)營初期的建議性票價方案。文章對城市軌道交通票價策略的研究,為城市軌道交通運(yùn)營可持續(xù)發(fā)展和管理政策的制定提供了決策支持。
[Abstract]:Absrtact: ticket price strategy is an important part of the positioning decision of urban rail transit. It is the key factor to attract the passenger flow and obtain the appropriate market share of the passenger flow. It plays a decisive role in the management and competitiveness of the urban rail transit. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to make a reasonable fare in combination with the level of operation and service to give full play to the role of urban rail transit and to realize the healthy development of urban rail transit. This paper first analyzes the current situation of urban rail transit development and ticket price strategy at home and abroad, and points out the significance and function of ticket price strategy formulation for urban rail transit planning, operation and development. The ticket price strategy of urban rail transit is divided into two parts: ticket system scheme and ticket price level. The ticket system includes single ticket system, meter ticket system and counting station ticket system. The optimization objectives, influencing factors and economic principles of ticket price strategy are analyzed. This paper puts forward the decision making of train operation based on the flexible demand of passenger flow, and establishes the model of rail transit fare strategy, which takes the maximization of social benefit including passenger flow demand and operation benefit as the objective function. The optimization of ticket price strategy under various ticket systems is considered comprehensively. The model reflects the relationship between the passenger demand of rail transit and the general travel expenses of passengers such as service level and ticket price level. In the model, the service level of the operation enterprise is used to describe the frequency of train running. According to the characteristics of the model, the simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the problem. Taking Changsha Metro Line 2 as an example, the optimal fare level of single ticket system, mileage based ticketing system and counting ticket system based on the number of crossing stations is calculated. Based on this, the practical fare strategy is given. Sensitivity analysis of factors such as opening interval was carried out. Finally, the evaluation system of urban rail transit ticket price strategy is established. The evaluation index covers three aspects of the operating enterprise, passengers and the overall interests of the society, and analyzes and evaluates the optimal fare level under different ticket systems. Based on the horizontal comparison with other cities in China, the proposed fare scheme of Changsha Metro Line 2 at the beginning of operation is given. In this paper, the study of urban rail transit ticket price strategy provides decision support for the sustainable development of urban rail transit operation and the formulation of management policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F570.5;U293

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本文編號：1775148