本文選題：煤炭運輸　切入點：鐵路直達(dá)運輸　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國的煤炭生產(chǎn)、消費格局確定了“西煤東調(diào)、北煤南運”的運輸格局,其中“鐵海聯(lián)運”在我國煤炭運輸中占有重要的地位和作用。近年來,北方煤炭“鐵海聯(lián)運”系統(tǒng)能力正逐漸完善,一批重大煤碼頭和鐵路通道項目陸續(xù)開通。由此,一套科學(xué)的煤炭鐵海聯(lián)運徑路方案,有利于實現(xiàn)煤炭的高效運輸以及鐵路與海運的合理分工,并且有助于促進煤炭運輸基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施健康和可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因此,研究煤炭的鐵海聯(lián)運徑路優(yōu)化問題,對于構(gòu)建科學(xué)高效的煤炭鐵海綜合運輸體系,完善煤炭運輸市場分工與布局,具有重要的理論和實際意義�；诖吮尘�,本文的主要研究工作包括:首先,通過對我國近年來煤炭供需現(xiàn)狀的分析,判斷煤炭運輸?shù)幕靖窬?以此為基礎(chǔ)對我國煤炭鐵海聯(lián)運的組織模式和運行特點進行論述,并分別從煤炭消費布局變化、高速鐵路開通、煤炭去產(chǎn)能政策三重因素分析其對煤炭鐵海聯(lián)運的影響。其次,分別從鐵路煤運通道、北方下海港口、東南沿海接卸港口三個維度,對我國煤炭鐵海聯(lián)運的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施布局現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢進行闡述和分析。再次,以多商品流模型作為構(gòu)建煤炭鐵海聯(lián)運徑路優(yōu)化模型的基礎(chǔ)模型,同時融入運籌學(xué)TP問題的建模思想,充分考慮煤炭鐵海聯(lián)運各個環(huán)節(jié)的費用支出情況,構(gòu)建鐵海聯(lián)運條件下煤炭運輸徑路優(yōu)化模型,對我國煤炭鐵海聯(lián)運組織模式進行了有效刻畫,同時線性規(guī)劃模型的構(gòu)造也為模型的求解和最終決策方案的提出創(chuàng)造了有利條件。最后,構(gòu)造了我國煤炭鐵海綜合運輸拓?fù)渚W(wǎng)絡(luò)并基于此對模型進行計算和驗證分析,分別從煤炭運輸徑路、北方港口煤炭下水情況、南方沿海地區(qū)煤炭接卸及轉(zhuǎn)運情況、各煤炭基地的庫存變化情況四個方面對算例結(jié)果進行了分析。理論優(yōu)化結(jié)果表明,未來在我國煤炭供需總體下降、鐵路網(wǎng)貨運能力相對充裕的情況下,煤炭運輸經(jīng)鐵路直達(dá)的比例有所提升,北方港口的下水量也將明顯減少。
[Abstract]:The pattern of coal production and consumption in China has determined the transportation pattern of "coal from west to east, coal from north to south", in which "iron-sea transport" plays an important role in coal transportation in China. The capacity of the "iron-sea intermodal transport" system for coal in the north is gradually improving, and a number of major coal terminals and railway passage projects have been opened one after another. As a result, a scientific plan for coal iron-sea combined transport routes has been developed. This is conducive to the efficient transport of coal and the rational division of labour between railways and seaborne, and to the promotion of a healthy and sustainable development of coal transport infrastructure. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to construct a scientific and efficient coal iron-sea comprehensive transportation system and to perfect the division of labor and layout of coal transport market. Based on this background, the main research work of this paper includes: first, By analyzing the present situation of coal supply and demand in China in recent years, judging the basic pattern of coal transportation, this paper discusses the organization mode and operation characteristics of coal iron-sea combined transport in China, and changes the distribution of coal consumption respectively. With the opening of high-speed railway, the influence of coal deproductivity policy on coal iron-sea transport is analyzed. Secondly, from three dimensions of railway coal transport channel, northern Xihai port, southeast coastal port, This paper expounds and analyzes the present situation and development trend of the infrastructure layout of coal iron-sea intermodal transport in China. Thirdly, the multi-commodity flow model is used as the basic model to construct the coal iron-sea combined transport route optimization model. At the same time, combining with the modeling idea of TP problem in operational research, considering the cost and expenditure of each link in the coal iron-sea intermodal transport, the optimization model of the coal transport path under the iron-sea combined transport condition is constructed. The organization model of coal iron-sea transport in China is described effectively. At the same time, the construction of linear programming model also creates favorable conditions for solving the model and putting forward the final decision scheme. Based on the topology network of coal iron-sea transportation in China, the paper calculates and verifies the model, including coal transport path, coal sewerage in northern port, coal unloading and transportation in southern coastal areas, etc. Four aspects of inventory change of coal bases are analyzed. The theoretical optimization results show that, in the future, the coal supply and demand in China will fall overall, and the freight transportation capacity of railway network will be relatively abundant. Coal transportation by rail direct proportion has increased, the northern port will also significantly reduce the amount of water.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U116;F512.4;F426.21

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