本文選題：列車(chē)重量　切入點(diǎn)：速度　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：摘要：鐵路貨物運(yùn)輸具有運(yùn)量大、能耗低、污染小、安全系數(shù)高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在我國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸行業(yè)中占據(jù)十分重要的地位。但近年來(lái)隨著其它交通運(yùn)輸方式的發(fā)展,鐵路貨運(yùn)的這些優(yōu)勢(shì)也在逐漸弱化。提高鐵路貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)膬?yōu)勢(shì),就要從節(jié)約時(shí)間以及能耗和安全性方面加以改進(jìn)。做到利益的最大化以及貨物列車(chē)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)之間相互關(guān)系的優(yōu)化成為目前研究的重點(diǎn)。 在已有研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,論文主要研究了貨物列車(chē)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中牽引重量、速度、能耗以及制動(dòng)距離等因素之間的關(guān)系,同時(shí)對(duì)不同重量、不同速度下的列車(chē)運(yùn)行情況進(jìn)行仿真,得到貨物列車(chē)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中涉及到的重量、速度、能耗、制動(dòng)距離等因素之間的量化關(guān)系,而后對(duì)仿真數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析計(jì)算,最終得出各因素之間的優(yōu)化方案。論文的具體工作內(nèi)容包括以下幾個(gè)方面： (1)通過(guò)總結(jié)國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究成果,系統(tǒng)的研究了列車(chē)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中影響因素之間的相互關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)在貨物列車(chē)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中,列車(chē)重量、速度對(duì)運(yùn)行能耗、以及制動(dòng)安全有顯著的影響,并且重量和速度之間相互制約影響,研究各影響因素之間的量化關(guān)系,是本文的重點(diǎn)。 (2)定量分析了列車(chē)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中重量和速度之間的相互關(guān)系,并從公式推導(dǎo)和計(jì)算機(jī)仿真兩方面分別進(jìn)行描述。其中在構(gòu)建的平直線路上,通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)仿真研究D4與SS4牽引的列車(chē)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中重量與速度的關(guān)系。研究結(jié)果顯示：沒(méi)有線路限速的情況下,DF4牽引的列車(chē)牽引重量在4000-4500t,技術(shù)速度取60km/h左右時(shí),可以使?fàn)恳亓亢图夹g(shù)速度達(dá)到最優(yōu)；SS4牽引的列車(chē)重量在6000-7000t,技術(shù)速度取70km/h左右時(shí),可以使?fàn)恳亓亢图夹g(shù)速度達(dá)到最優(yōu)。 (3)研究貨物列車(chē)運(yùn)行能耗的影響因素,首先定量分析了不同機(jī)車(chē)在不同重量、速度條件下的單耗情況,其次對(duì)DF4與SS4牽引的列車(chē)單耗做了針對(duì)性研究,得到節(jié)能運(yùn)行方案。分析結(jié)果表明：不同型號(hào)機(jī)車(chē)在不同重量、速度下的單耗水平不同,DF11型內(nèi)燃機(jī)車(chē)和SS7型電力機(jī)車(chē)的單耗較低,建議合理提高其比例；相同機(jī)車(chē),不同重量和速度組合下的單耗水平變化較大,例如：DF4牽引4000t貨物以55km/h的目標(biāo)速度運(yùn)行時(shí)單耗較低,牽引3500t的貨物以60km/h的目標(biāo)速度運(yùn)行時(shí)單耗較低。 (4)從運(yùn)行安全的角度出發(fā),分別研究了列車(chē)重量、速度、線路坡度對(duì)列車(chē)制動(dòng)距離的影響,并研究了不同線路坡道條件下列車(chē)限速和限載問(wèn)題。結(jié)果顯示：列車(chē)緊急制動(dòng)距離隨牽引重量增長(zhǎng)呈現(xiàn)近似線性增長(zhǎng),隨制動(dòng)初速增長(zhǎng)呈現(xiàn)二次函數(shù)形式增長(zhǎng)；列車(chē)制動(dòng)初速對(duì)制動(dòng)距離的影響程度比牽引重量對(duì)制動(dòng)距離的影響程度大。
[Abstract]:Abstract: railway freight transport has a large volume, low energy consumption, low pollution, high safety factor, plays an important role in the transportation industry in China. But in recent years with the development of other modes of transportation, railway freight these advantages are gradually weakening. To improve the railway freight transportation advantage, it should be from the improvement of saving time and energy consumption and safety. To optimize the relationship between the index and the maximum benefit of freight train operation process has become the focus of the present study.
On the basis of existing research results, this paper mainly studies the speed of weight, hauling cargo during the train operation, the relationship between energy consumption and braking distance and other factors, at the same time on different weight, the simulation under different speeds of train operation, get the goods train weight, relates to the process of speed, power consumption, quantization the relationship between braking distance and other factors, then the simulation data analysis, finally obtains the optimization scheme between various factors. The specific contents of this paper include the following aspects:
(1) through summarizing the research at home and abroad, systematically studied the effects of the relationship between factors during the running of the train, found in the goods during the running of the train, the train weight, speed of operation energy consumption, has a significant impact and braking safety, and between the weight and the speed of mutual restraint effect, the quantitative relationship between factors the effect, is the focus of this paper.
(2) the quantitative analysis of the relationship between the weight and the speed of the train running process, and from the two aspects of formula derivation and computer simulation are described. In the straight line construction, through the relationship between the weight and the speed of the train operation process of computer simulation of D4 and SS4 in traction. The results show: no line the speed limit, traction weight in 4000-4500t DF4 traction train speed was about 60km/h technology, can make the technology to achieve the optimal speed and traction weight; SS4 traction weight of the train at 6000-7000t, velocity was about 70km/h, the traction weight and speed to achieve optimal technology.
(3) to study the factors that influence the running of the train energy consumption, the first quantitative analysis of the different locomotive in different weight, the unit consumption speed conditions, followed by the consumption of DF4 and SS4 train traction to do targeted research, get the energy saving operation scheme. Analysis results show that different types of locomotives in different weight, the speed of the unit consumption different levels of consumption of DF11 diesel engine and SS7 electric locomotive is low, reasonable suggestions improve the proportion; the same locomotive, changes of level of consumption of different weight and speed under the combination of large, for example: DF4 4000t 55km/h to the target goods traction speed low consumption, traction 3500t goods to the 60km/h target speed run time consumption is low.
(4) starting from the operation safety point of view, the speed of train weight, study effect of line slope on the train braking distance, and studied the train speed and load limit of different lines under ramp conditions. The results showed that the train emergency braking distance is approximately linear growth with traction weight growth, showing the form of quadratic function with the increase of initial braking speed increasing; train braking velocity on the braking distance influence than the traction weight influence on braking distance degree.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U294.1

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