發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-26 02:30

  本文選題：勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬　切入點(diǎn)：勞動(dòng)貢獻(xiàn)　出處：《南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國(guó)農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力數(shù)量和勞動(dòng)年齡人口增量的逐漸減少,共同導(dǎo)致勞動(dòng)力供給短缺從而工資上漲。與此同時(shí),勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率的提高和政府政策的大力支持加快了勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬上漲的步伐,勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬進(jìn)入了上升通道。2004-2012年全國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)單位就業(yè)人員平均工資從15920元增加到46769元,年均名義和實(shí)際增速分別為14.42%和11.05%。但勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬占比的情況卻從2004年的50.84%下降到2011年的47.49%,低于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家60%-70%的水平以及發(fā)展中國(guó)家50%-60%的水平。勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬占比偏低的情況并未得到緩解,由勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬占比偏低引起的一系列負(fù)面影響仍然存在。因此,提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬仍然是一項(xiàng)迫切的任務(wù)。提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬意味著增加企業(yè)成本,并且可能對(duì)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行發(fā)生影響。因此,本文以建筑業(yè)為樣本,從微觀企業(yè)層面和宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行層面對(duì)于進(jìn)一步提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬的可行性作了實(shí)證研究。利用C-D生產(chǎn)函數(shù)對(duì)2004-2012年建筑業(yè)的投入產(chǎn)出數(shù)據(jù)所做的實(shí)證結(jié)果表明,2004年以來我國(guó)勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬與勞動(dòng)要素貢獻(xiàn)漸趨一致。然后通過構(gòu)建社會(huì)功能工資模型研究在企業(yè)正常運(yùn)營(yíng)的前提下勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬適度提高的平均幅度為8.3964%。進(jìn)一步地,通過建立線性回歸模型分析勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬提高對(duì)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)的影響。實(shí)證結(jié)果表明,提高勞動(dòng)收入能夠促進(jìn)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。由此,本文認(rèn)為提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬具備必要性和可行性。本文根據(jù)影響我國(guó)勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬的環(huán)境和因素的變化,及我國(guó)目前發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整這一歷史機(jī)遇,對(duì)提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬的措施做了總結(jié)、完善和創(chuàng)新,并從提高工資水平和增加就業(yè)量的兩個(gè)視角來審視勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬提高的措施：第一鞏固和發(fā)展公有制經(jīng)濟(jì),示范和引領(lǐng)勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬的提高。第二,采取降低稅收,改善融資等措施,支持中小企業(yè)發(fā)展,增加就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。第三,提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬的根本途徑是提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率,主要包括調(diào)整教育結(jié)構(gòu),增加高職教育的科技投入；配合產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移和升級(jí),制定地區(qū)性的人才培養(yǎng)模式；實(shí)行積分制的在崗職工培訓(xùn)以及合理配置勞動(dòng)力資源。第四,以社會(huì)功能工資作為指導(dǎo),使效益差的企業(yè)的勞動(dòng)者能夠獲得相當(dāng)于勞動(dòng)力價(jià)值的報(bào)酬,效益好的企業(yè)的勞動(dòng)者能夠獲得相當(dāng)于勞動(dòng)貢獻(xiàn)的報(bào)酬或分享到企業(yè)利潤(rùn),完善最低工資制度和工資指導(dǎo)線制度。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the amount of rural surplus labor force and the increment of working-age population have gradually decreased, which together lead to the shortage of labor supply and the rise of wages. The increase in labor productivity and the strong support of government policies have accelerated the pace of the rise in the remuneration of labor. The average salary of urban employees in cities and towns increased from 15920 yuan to 46769 yuan between 2004 and 2012, and the wages of workers in cities and towns increased from 15920 yuan to 46769 yuan between 2004 and 2012. The annual nominal and real growth rates were 14.42% and 11.05% respectively. However, the proportion of labor remuneration decreased from 50.84% in 2004 to 47.49% in 2011, which is lower than the level of 60-70% in developed countries and 50% -60% in developing countries. The situation has not been alleviated. A series of negative effects caused by the low proportion of labor remuneration still exist. Therefore, it is still an urgent task to increase the remuneration of labor. And may have an impact on macroeconomic performance. Therefore, this paper takes the construction industry as a sample, An empirical study on the feasibility of further increasing labor remuneration is made from the micro level of enterprises and the level of macroeconomic operation. The empirical results of the input-output data of the construction industry from 2004 to 2012 using C-D production function show that, in 2004, The labor compensation and the contribution of labor elements in our country are gradually consistent. Then the average range of moderate increase of labor remuneration under the premise of normal operation of enterprises is 8.3964 by constructing a social functional wage model. Through the establishment of linear regression model to analyze the impact of labor compensation on the macroeconomic indicators. The empirical results show that increasing labor income can promote the development of macroeconomic. This paper holds that it is necessary and feasible to improve the remuneration of labor. According to the changes of the environment and factors that affect the remuneration of labor in China, and the historical opportunity of changing the mode of development and adjusting the industrial structure of our country at present, This paper summarizes, perfects and innovates the measures to improve the remuneration of labor, and examines the measures to increase the remuneration from the two perspectives of raising the wage level and increasing the amount of employment: first, to consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, Second, we should take measures to reduce taxes and improve financing to support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and increase employment opportunities. Third, the fundamental way to increase labor remuneration is to increase labor productivity. It mainly includes adjusting the educational structure, increasing the scientific and technological input of higher vocational education, establishing a regional talent training model with the help of industrial transfer and upgrading, training the on-the-job staff and workers with the implementation of the integral system, and rationally allocating labor resources. Fourth, Under the guidance of social functional wages, workers in enterprises with poor efficiency can receive remuneration equivalent to the value of labor, and workers in enterprises with good benefits can receive remuneration equivalent to contributions from labor or share in profits of the enterprises. Improve the minimum wage system and wage guidance system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F249.2

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