本文關(guān)鍵詞： 社會(huì)資本 支付意愿 Mixed Logit Ordered Probit　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：生態(tài)系統(tǒng)對(duì)人類的生存與發(fā)展有重要作用,其為人類提供能量、循環(huán)物質(zhì)及傳遞信息。基于生態(tài)系統(tǒng)因過度開發(fā)利用而逐漸喪失功能、影響居民生活及社會(huì)生產(chǎn)的現(xiàn)狀,結(jié)合社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展能力,為提高社會(huì)整體福利,國(guó)家展開各項(xiàng)生態(tài)恢復(fù)工程。但是,實(shí)踐證明僅僅依靠政府力量,仍然無(wú)法有效實(shí)現(xiàn)全面生態(tài)恢復(fù);高效系統(tǒng)的生態(tài)恢復(fù)工程需要政府、公民與社區(qū)及相關(guān)組織的協(xié)調(diào)參與;國(guó)家的生態(tài)恢復(fù)工程往往因忽略了居民偏好的異質(zhì)性而不能調(diào)動(dòng)居民參與積極性;社會(huì)資本在生態(tài)恢復(fù)過程協(xié)調(diào)化解個(gè)體間、群體間及個(gè)體與群體間利益矛盾中扮演著越來(lái)越重要的角色;鑒于社會(huì)資本影響居民生態(tài)恢復(fù)支付意愿(需求)進(jìn)而影響公眾參與,并最終影響國(guó)家生態(tài)恢復(fù)工程實(shí)施效果,本文分城、鄉(xiāng)居民兩類群體研究個(gè)體社會(huì)資本對(duì)生態(tài)恢復(fù)支付意愿的影響。本文在了解國(guó)內(nèi)外居民社會(huì)資本、生態(tài)恢復(fù)支付意愿及二者關(guān)系研究進(jìn)展的基礎(chǔ)上,通過條件價(jià)值評(píng)估法及選擇實(shí)驗(yàn)法,構(gòu)建有序Probit模型和Mixed logit模型,設(shè)計(jì)問卷進(jìn)行調(diào)查,區(qū)分城市與農(nóng)村居民,測(cè)度居民社會(huì)資本,測(cè)算黑河流域居民對(duì)生態(tài)整體及屬性恢復(fù)的支付意愿,研究社會(huì)資本及其維度對(duì)生態(tài)整體及屬性恢復(fù)支付意愿的影響程度及方向,分析社會(huì)資本對(duì)因城鄉(xiāng)居民生態(tài)偏好異質(zhì)性而導(dǎo)致的利益矛盾協(xié)調(diào)作用。本文得出的結(jié)論主要有以下四方面:(1)城鎮(zhèn)與農(nóng)村居民社會(huì)資本及維度對(duì)生態(tài)整體恢支付意愿影響不盡相同。城鎮(zhèn)居民社會(huì)資本對(duì)生態(tài)整體恢復(fù)支付意愿具有顯著正向影響,但是農(nóng)村社會(huì)資本的對(duì)生態(tài)恢復(fù)支付意愿影響不顯著;社會(huì)規(guī)范對(duì)居民生態(tài)整體恢復(fù)支付意愿具有顯著的負(fù)向影響;社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和社會(huì)聲望對(duì)居民生態(tài)整體恢復(fù)支付意愿具有顯著正向影響;社會(huì)參與和社會(huì)信任對(duì)城市居民支付意愿具有顯著正向影響,但是對(duì)農(nóng)村居民支付意愿影響不顯著。(2)城鎮(zhèn)與農(nóng)村居民社會(huì)資本維度對(duì)生態(tài)屬性恢復(fù)影響具有差異性。城鎮(zhèn)居民個(gè)體社會(huì)資本及其規(guī)范、信任、參與、聲望未能顯著影響生態(tài)各屬性恢復(fù)支付意愿,但是,社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)影響城鎮(zhèn)居民對(duì)農(nóng)田灌溉保障率的支付意愿;農(nóng)村居民個(gè)體社會(huì)資本及其維度社會(huì)聲望未能顯著影響生態(tài)各屬性恢復(fù)支付意愿,但是,社會(huì)規(guī)范、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、參與、信任維度顯著影響生態(tài)各屬性恢復(fù)支付意愿。(3)社會(huì)資本維度尤其是社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)維度能夠協(xié)調(diào)城鄉(xiāng)兩類居民因生態(tài)屬性恢復(fù)支付意愿差異而造成的利益沖突。mixed logit模型以及隱含價(jià)格測(cè)算結(jié)果均表明城鎮(zhèn)居民對(duì)非生產(chǎn)性生態(tài)屬性恢復(fù)需求高于農(nóng)村居民;相比之下,農(nóng)村居民對(duì)生產(chǎn)性生態(tài)屬性恢復(fù)需求高于城鎮(zhèn)居民;社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)能夠促進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)居民為更高生產(chǎn)屬性農(nóng)田灌溉保障率投資,增加農(nóng)村居民對(duì)改善水質(zhì)及更高非生產(chǎn)屬性的揚(yáng)沙天數(shù)投資,體現(xiàn)出社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的利益協(xié)調(diào)功能。(4)居民社會(huì)資本及部分維度能夠?yàn)檎疁p少生態(tài)恢復(fù)工程的成本,降低政府協(xié)調(diào)城鄉(xiāng)居民偏好差異費(fèi)用。有序Probit模型表明社會(huì)資本及其部分維度能夠促進(jìn)居民產(chǎn)生生態(tài)友好行為,約束居民的生態(tài)破壞行為;Mixed logit模型表明社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)能夠協(xié)調(diào)城鄉(xiāng)居民生態(tài)恢復(fù)差異化偏好;兩種模型都表明社會(huì)資本及其部分維度能夠降低政府與社區(qū)生態(tài)管理的成本及費(fèi)用。
[Abstract]:Have an important role in the survival and development of the ecological system of human beings, which provide energy for human, material circulation and transfer of information ecosystem. Due to excessive exploitation and the gradual loss of function based on the situation of residents' life and social production, combined with the social and economic development, in order to improve the welfare of society as a whole, the country launched the ecological restoration project. However, practice has proved that only rely on the strength of the government, still can not effectively realize the comprehensive ecological restoration; efficient system of ecological restoration engineering needs the government, citizens and the coordination community and the relevant organizations in the country; the ecological restoration projects are often ignored residents preference heterogeneity and unable to mobilize residents to participate in the recovery process in the coordination of social capital; to resolve the ecological individual, plays an increasingly important role between groups and between the individual and group interests contradiction; in view of social capital. Local residents' willingness to pay for ecological restoration (demand) and effect of public participation, and ultimately affect the national ecological restoration project implementation effect, the effect of city, rural residents in two groups of individual social capital willingness to pay for ecological recovery. Based on the understanding of domestic and foreign residents' social capital, ecological restoration and research progress of the relationship between the intention and the payment of two who, through the contingent valuation method and experimental method, construct the ordered Probit model and Mixed logit model, design the questionnaire, the difference between city and rural residents, the residents to measure the social capital, the willingness to pay estimates Heihe basin on ecological restoration and overall properties, the research of social capital and its dimensions of ecological integrity and property the degree and direction of influence of the willingness to pay for recovery, the analysis of social capital on urban and rural residents caused by ecological preference heterogeneity conflicts of interest coordination At the conclusion of the paper includes the following four aspects: (1) urban and rural residents and social capital dimensions of the overall ecological restoration effect is not the same as the willingness to pay of urban residents. The social capital has significant positive effect on the willingness to pay for ecological restoration, but the rural social capital on the ecological restoration of the willingness to pay is not significantly affected social norms; the whole ecological restoration residents willingness to pay has a significant negative impact; social network and social reputation of the residents' ecological overall recovery has significant positive influence willingness to pay; social participation and social trust has significant positive effects on city residents' willingness to pay, but for rural residents' willingness to pay is not significantly affected. (2) urban and rural residents dimensions of social capital has the difference of ecological restoration effects. Attributes of individual social capital and the standard of urban residents, trust, participation, prestige not significant The effects of various attributes of ecological restoration of willingness to pay, but the willingness to pay on the rate of farmland irrigation guarantee for urban residents social network effect; rural residents individual social capital and the dimension of social prestige failed to significantly affect the properties of ecological restoration of willingness to pay, however, social norms, networks, participation, trust dimensions significantly affect the properties of ecological restoration of willingness to pay. (3) dimensions of social capital especially the conflict of interest.Mixed logit model of social network dimensions can coordinate urban and rural residents due to two kinds of ecological property recovery caused by the difference of the willingness to pay and the implicit price calculation results show that the urban residents of non productive ecological restoration property demand is higher than rural residents; in contrast, the rural residents of the productive ecological recovery properties the demand is higher than that of urban residents; social network can promote the urban residents for higher production of irrigation guarantee rate of investment property The capital, increase rural residents to improve water quality and higher production properties of sand blowing days of investment, which reflects the social network coordination function. (4) the residents of social capital and some factors to reduce the government ecological restoration project cost, reduce the urban and rural residents, government coordination preference ordered Probit model shows that the differences of the cost and. The dimension of social capital can promote residents to produce eco friendly behavior, ecological destruction behavior constraint residents; Mixed logit model shows that social networks can coordinate the ecological restoration of urban and rural residents difference preference; two models show that some of its dimensions of social capital can reduce the costs and expenses of the government and the community of ecological management.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X171.4;F205

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