本文關(guān)鍵詞：黑龍江省生態(tài)文明建設(shè)與可持續(xù)發(fā)展的定量化評(píng)估與分析　出處：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 生態(tài)文明 生態(tài)文明建設(shè) 生態(tài)足跡 生態(tài)承載力

【摘要】：本文主要分析2013年黑龍江省的生態(tài)文明建設(shè)水平和可持續(xù)發(fā)展程度,并提出相應(yīng)的措施及建議。在生態(tài)文明建設(shè)方面,生態(tài)文明是我國(guó)建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的重要目標(biāo),切實(shí)推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè),需要相應(yīng)的評(píng)價(jià)體系對(duì)生態(tài)文明進(jìn)行定量化研究,從而引導(dǎo)正確的政策方針。本文建立黑龍江省生態(tài)文明評(píng)價(jià)體系,確定各指標(biāo)權(quán)重,計(jì)算黑龍江省2013年生態(tài)文明得分,對(duì)2013年生態(tài)文明狀況進(jìn)行分析,并對(duì)2004年到2013年的黑龍江省生態(tài)文明進(jìn)步態(tài)勢(shì)進(jìn)行分析。在可持續(xù)發(fā)展方面,生態(tài)足跡模型是定量評(píng)價(jià)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的代表之一,本文以黑龍江省統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒等數(shù)據(jù)資料為基礎(chǔ),建立黑龍江省生態(tài)足跡模型,分析黑龍江省1978年至2013年的生態(tài)足跡、生態(tài)承載力、生態(tài)赤字(盈余),建立萬元GDP生態(tài)足跡模型、萬元GDP生態(tài)赤字模型,并對(duì)黑龍江省生態(tài)多樣性以及區(qū)域發(fā)展能力進(jìn)行研究。對(duì)1978年到2013年的黑龍江省可持續(xù)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r進(jìn)行分析。其分析結(jié)論如下：生態(tài)文明建設(shè)方面：(1)黑龍江省生態(tài)文明持續(xù)穩(wěn)定增強(qiáng),黑龍江省生態(tài)文明指數(shù)得分為78分,具體從生態(tài)活力、環(huán)境質(zhì)量、社會(huì)發(fā)展和協(xié)調(diào)程度四個(gè)二級(jí)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行分析,得分分別為25.4分、16.13分、14.85分和21.62分。(2)隨之對(duì)2004年到2013年黑龍江省整體發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)進(jìn)步率進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果顯示2013年黑龍江省的生態(tài)文明建設(shè)為生態(tài)優(yōu)勢(shì)型,其基本特點(diǎn)是生態(tài)活力偏高,環(huán)境質(zhì)量和社會(huì)發(fā)展偏低,和協(xié)調(diào)程度保持為穩(wěn)定。(3)黑龍江省可以在生態(tài)活力方面,加大生態(tài)資源的保護(hù)培育力度；在環(huán)境質(zhì)量方面,控制化肥、農(nóng)藥施用量,發(fā)展生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)；在社會(huì)發(fā)展方面,加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化調(diào)整,發(fā)展生態(tài)產(chǎn)業(yè),轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式；在協(xié)調(diào)程度方面,抓好節(jié)能減排工作,促進(jìn)清潔生產(chǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)資源能源永久性持續(xù)利用以及經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展�？沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r：(1)1978年至2013年,平均每年生態(tài)足跡增長(zhǎng)速度為440.2萬hm2/年,六大土地類型生態(tài)足跡也隨之不斷增長(zhǎng),其中化石能源的增長(zhǎng)速度最快,2013年黑龍江省化石能源的生態(tài)足跡達(dá)到7874.69萬hm2。(2)六大類型土地對(duì)黑龍江省總生態(tài)足跡貢獻(xiàn)率排序?yàn)椋夯茉从玫馗亟ㄔO(shè)用地水域草地林地。人均生態(tài)足跡也呈現(xiàn)波動(dòng)上升趨勢(shì),人均生態(tài)足跡從1978年的1.4833hm2/人上升至2013年的5.4933hm2/人,上升3.7倍。(3)黑龍江省的生態(tài)承載力從1978年7995.23萬hm2波動(dòng)下降至1994年的7457.79萬hm2,1995年后開始回升,2013年為7810的萬hm2。(4)黑龍江省1993年前處于生態(tài)盈余狀態(tài),之后出現(xiàn)生態(tài)赤字,數(shù)值也逐年增大。(5)黑龍江省萬元GDP生態(tài)足跡呈下降趨勢(shì),從1978年的26.5564hm2/萬元GDP降至1.4647hm2/萬元GDP,黑龍江省1994年后一直處于萬元GDP生態(tài)赤字狀態(tài),2006年后,萬元GDP生態(tài)赤字開始逐年降低。黑龍江省發(fā)展能力指標(biāo)總體呈現(xiàn)波動(dòng)上升的趨勢(shì)。黑龍江省人均GDP與發(fā)展能力指數(shù)兩者關(guān)聯(lián)度為0.5844,二者呈正相關(guān)。(6)黑龍江可提高農(nóng)業(yè)平均生產(chǎn)力,發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì),整治生態(tài)環(huán)境,合理利用水資源和森林資源,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)黑龍江省可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly analyzes the level of ecological civilization construction in Heilongjiang Province in 2013 and the extent of sustainable development, and puts forward corresponding measures and suggestions. In the construction of ecological civilization, ecological civilization is an important goal for building a well-off society in China, and promote the construction of ecological civilization, need the corresponding evaluation system of quantitative research on ecological civilization, so as to guide the correct policy. The establishment of ecological civilization evaluation system in Heilongjiang Province, to determine the index weight, calculate the civilization of Heilongjiang Province in 2013 to 2013, the ecological civilization ecological score, and analyze the status of ecological civilization and progress in Heilongjiang province from 2004 to 2013 the situation was analyzed. In the aspect of sustainable development, ecological footprint model is one of the representatives of the quantitative evaluation of sustainable the development of the Heilongjiang province statistical yearbook data as the basis, establish the ecological foot trace model in Heilongjiang Province And analyze the ecological footprint of Heilongjiang province from 1978 to 2013, the ecological carrying capacity, ecological deficit (Ying Yu), a million GDP million GDP ecological footprint model, ecological deficit model, and conducts the research to the Heilongjiang Province ecological diversity and regional development capacity. To analyze the status of sustainable development of Heilongjiang province in 2013 to 1978 to the. The analysis conclusions are as follows: Ecological Civilization Construction: (1) steady enhancement of ecological civilization in Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Province ecological civilization index score of 78 points, from the ecological vitality, environmental quality, analysis of social development and coordination of the four level two indexes, scores were 25.4 points, 16.13 points, 14.85 points and 21.62. (2) followed on 2004 to 2013 in Heilongjiang Province, the overall development trend of progress rate analysis results show that the construction of ecological civilization in Heilongjiang Province in 2013 for ecological advantages, and its basic characteristics The ecological vitality is high, environmental quality and social development is low, and the degree of coordination of maintaining stability. (3) in Heilongjiang province in the ecological vitality, strengthen the protection of ecological resources cultivation; control of chemical fertilizers in terms of environmental quality, and the use of pesticides, the development of ecological agriculture; in the aspect of social development, accelerate the optimization of industrial structure adjustment and the development of eco industry, change the mode of economic growth; the degree of coordination, grasp the work of energy-saving emission reduction, promote cleaner production, to achieve sustainable use of energy resources and permanent coordinated economic and social sustainable development. Sustainable development: (1) from 1978 to 2013, the average annual growth rate of ecological footprint was 4 million 402 thousand hm2/ year, six land types the ecological footprint has increased rapidly, the fossil energy is the fastest growth, the ecological footprint of Heilongjiang Province in 2013, fossil energy up to 78 million 746 thousand and 900 hm2. (2) Six types of land to the total ecological footprint of Heilongjiang province in the contribution rate of order: the fossil energy land construction land cultivated land grassland forest land. The ecological footprint per capita water also fluctuated upward trend, the per capita ecological footprint from 1978 1.4833hm2/ rose to 5.4933hm2/ in 2013, up 3.7 times. (3) from 1978 79 million 952 thousand and 300 hm2 wave in 1994 74 million 577 thousand and 900 years after hm21995 began to pick up the ecological carrying capacity of Heilongjiang province in 2013, 7810 000 hm2. (4) in ecological surplus in Heilongjiang Province before 1993, after the ecological deficit, numerical increases year by year. (5) Heilongjiang Province million GDP ecological footprint decreased from 26.5564hm2/ million in 1978 yuan GDP to 1.4647hm2/ million GDP million GDP, has been in a state of ecological deficit in Heilongjiang province in 1994, after 2006, the ecological deficit million GDP began to decrease year by year. Heilongjiang province development ability The overall index fluctuated upward trend. The index of per capita GDP and development capacity of Heilongjiang province the correlation degree is 0.5844, two were positively correlated. (6) Heilongjiang can improve the average productivity of agriculture, the development of recycling economy, protect the ecological environment, reasonable utilization of water resources and forest resources, so as to realize the sustainable development of Heilongjiang province.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X22

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本文編號(hào)：1402325