【摘要】：生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)是當(dāng)前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)中增長最快的行業(yè)，是推動經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和城市化發(fā)展最主要的力量之一，長三角地區(qū)作為中國當(dāng)前發(fā)展速度最快、綜合競爭力最強(qiáng)的地區(qū)，正處于城市化加速發(fā)展與工業(yè)化后期向后工業(yè)化時期轉(zhuǎn)變的關(guān)鍵時期，生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展是這一時期的最主要特征之一。針對長三角地區(qū)生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分異的研究正是在長三角地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式從高成本低附加值向低成本高附加值轉(zhuǎn)變、縮小地區(qū)差異加快區(qū)域一體化進(jìn)程的背景下展開。 本文首先從新經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)相關(guān)理論研究文獻(xiàn)出發(fā)探尋生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分異過程中可能存在的規(guī)律，隨后對近年來國內(nèi)外生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)實證文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行全面系統(tǒng)的評述，發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)前研究主要從集聚與擴(kuò)散現(xiàn)象、空間結(jié)構(gòu)特征等角度單獨(dú)進(jìn)行的研究割裂了現(xiàn)象之間的聯(lián)系，對其原因的研究雖然較多但未形成一致意見，難以認(rèn)識生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分異的規(guī)律和根本原因。通過整理文獻(xiàn)并與新經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)理論想結(jié)合，本文認(rèn)為生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)在學(xué)習(xí)、共享、匹配等機(jī)制引起規(guī)模收益遞增的集聚力量與空間有限性、全域知識外溢等形成擴(kuò)散機(jī)制的共同作用下形成分異，其中知識溢出是生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分異的根本動力，集聚和擴(kuò)散是生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分異的主要力量。兩種力量的對比形成動態(tài)空間結(jié)構(gòu)，根本原因是由于地區(qū)間初始知識積累和人力資本的不同生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)在空間的分異會形成特定的空間結(jié)構(gòu)，這種空間結(jié)構(gòu)還會隨著區(qū)域城市群體系結(jié)構(gòu)、區(qū)域制造業(yè)布局等外部環(huán)境的變化而變化，隨后本文依據(jù)提出了生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分異理論分析框架。 其次，為了全面系統(tǒng)的對現(xiàn)狀特征展開研究，本文隨后在此分析框架下運(yùn)用分異指數(shù)、行業(yè)基尼系數(shù)、地區(qū)Hoover系數(shù)、Moran指數(shù)I和局部Moran指數(shù)等分析方法來研究長三角地區(qū)生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分異的產(chǎn)業(yè)和空間特征。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)長三角地區(qū)生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)總體分異特征以趨向集聚為主、空間分異程度正在加劇，各細(xì)分行業(yè)空間分異程度有較大差異，地區(qū)間差異明顯，行業(yè)間差距逐漸縮小、地區(qū)間表現(xiàn)出顯著的空間關(guān)聯(lián)模式，在整個區(qū)域呈現(xiàn)三核心-外圍的空間結(jié)構(gòu)，本文同時結(jié)合前文所提出的理論分析框架對這些特征出現(xiàn)的原因做出了解釋。 然后，，本文結(jié)合理論分析和對長三角地區(qū)生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分異現(xiàn)狀特征的探索與解釋，發(fā)現(xiàn)有三個方面是影響生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分異的最主要原因，并提出了知識積累和人力資本分布的現(xiàn)狀、區(qū)域城市等級體系、區(qū)域制造業(yè)布局、空間距離等因素對生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)空間分異影響的三大假說。在檢測出顯著的知識溢出效應(yīng)和產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展過程中在空間上顯著的地區(qū)關(guān)聯(lián)性之后，分別采用空間計量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和普通計量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)對假說進(jìn)行了驗證，發(fā)現(xiàn)考慮了空間溢出效應(yīng)的模型更具有科學(xué)性和說服力，實證結(jié)果表明代表本地平均人力資本狀況的人均受教育年限、代表本地在區(qū)域城市層級體系中地位的城市規(guī)模與本地區(qū)生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展正相關(guān)，本地制造業(yè)規(guī)模無技術(shù)進(jìn)步的純粹規(guī)模擴(kuò)散則對本地區(qū)生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的影響產(chǎn)生抑制作用。 最后，本文根據(jù)研究前文分異特征研究的結(jié)果和對影響因素假說的檢驗，得出本文主要研究結(jié)論，并結(jié)合長三角當(dāng)前發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀引申出幾條建議，并對本研究中存在的不足和進(jìn)一步研究的方向進(jìn)行了說明。
[Abstract]:Producer service industry is the fastest growing industry in the world economy and one of the most important forces to promote economic growth and urbanization. The Yangtze River Delta region, as the fastest growing and most competitive region in China, is in the key period of urbanization accelerating development and post-industrialization transformation. The rapid development of producer services in the Yangtze River Delta is one of the most important characteristics of this period.
Firstly, this paper explores the possible laws of the spatial differentiation of producer services from the relevant literature of new economic geography, and then makes a comprehensive and systematic review of the empirical literature of producer services both at home and abroad in recent years. It is found that the current research mainly focuses on the phenomenon of agglomeration and diffusion, spatial structure characteristics and other aspects. The research on the causes of the phenomena has been divided. Although there are many studies on the causes of the phenomena, there is no consensus. It is difficult to understand the laws and fundamental causes of the spatial differentiation of producer services. The agglomeration and spatial finiteness of increasing returns to scale, and the global knowledge spillover are the common effects of the diffusion mechanism to form differentiation. Knowledge spillover is the fundamental driving force for the spatial differentiation of productive services, and agglomeration and diffusion are the main forces for the spatial differentiation of productive services. The fundamental reason is that different producer services with different knowledge accumulation and human capital will form a specific spatial structure in space, which will change with the changes of regional urban agglomeration structure, regional manufacturing layout and other external environment. Theoretical analysis framework of spatial differentiation.
Secondly, in order to make a comprehensive and systematic study on the current situation, this paper uses differentiation index, industry Gini coefficient, regional Hoover coefficient, Moran index I and local Moran index to study the spatial and industrial characteristics of producer services in the Yangtze River Delta. The overall differentiation characteristics of producer services tend to be clustering, the degree of spatial differentiation is intensifying, the degree of spatial differentiation of each sub-industry is quite different, the regional differences are obvious, the gap between industries is gradually narrowing, there is a significant spatial correlation model between regions, showing a three-core-periphery spatial structure in the whole region. Combined with the theoretical analysis framework mentioned above, the reasons for these characteristics are explained.
Then, combining with the theoretical analysis and the exploration and explanation of the characteristics of the spatial differentiation of producer services in the Yangtze River Delta region, this paper finds that there are three main factors affecting the spatial differentiation of producer services, and puts forward the status quo of knowledge accumulation and human capital distribution, regional urban hierarchy, regional manufacturing layout, and empty space. Three hypotheses about the influence of distance on the spatial differentiation of producer services were tested by using spatial econometrics and general econometrics respectively after detecting the significant knowledge spillover effect and spatial correlation in the process of industrial development. The model is more scientific and convincing. The empirical results show that the average length of education per capita representing the local average human capital status, the city size representing the local position in the regional urban hierarchy system are positively related to the development of producer services in the region, and the pure scale diffusion of local manufacturing scale without technological progress is positively related to the region. The impact of producer services development is inhibited.
Finally, according to the results of the previous study and the test of the hypothesis of influencing factors, this paper draws the main conclusions of the study and gives some suggestions on the basis of the current development situation of the Yangtze River Delta.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江財經(jīng)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F719;F224

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