【摘要】：本文對1996-2009年我國服務業(yè)的投資傾向和投資效率進行了研究。1996-2002年期間,我國服務業(yè)表現(xiàn)出資本勞動比例不斷增加的投資傾向性,而且這種比例的構成建立在投資中資本要素的絕對值增加,勞動要素的絕對值先少量增加后逐漸減少的基礎上,可以說在很大程度上資本代替了勞動。相比之下,2003-2009年期間我國服務業(yè)同樣表現(xiàn)出資本勞動比例不斷增加的投資傾向性�？偠灾�,1996-2009年間,我國服務業(yè)的人均資本年均增長率約為14%,行業(yè)整體表現(xiàn)出資本勞動比例不斷增加的投資傾向。 同時DEA非參數(shù)法顯示的相對投資效率結果表明,1996-2002年間,我國服務業(yè)整體投資效率偏低,其投資的平均技術效率僅為0.382,未達到DEA有效水平。規(guī)模效率低下是造成我國服務業(yè)整體投資效率偏低的主要原因。好在我國服務業(yè)投資處于規(guī)模收益遞增的階段,這些行業(yè)在完善資源優(yōu)化配置的同時進一步擴大其投資規(guī)模有助于我國投資效率的提高。2003-2009年間,我國服務業(yè)整體投資的技術效率均值為0.43,較1996-2002年問0.382的均值所有小幅度增長。與1996-2002年不同的是,投資的純技術效率是造成其投資效率偏低的主要原因。投資的純技術效率低下說明我國服務行業(yè)在投資過程中管理水平較低,需要行業(yè)的從業(yè)人員提高人員素質以及崗位技能等。 1996-2002年間,資本密集型行業(yè)的投資效率和勞動密集型行業(yè)的投資效率均未達到DEA有效值。相比之下,資本密集型行業(yè)的投資效率每年都略高于勞動密集型行業(yè),且呈上升趨勢,而勞動密集型行業(yè)的投資效率趨于平穩(wěn)變化不大。因此樣本期間,服務業(yè)中要素投入傾向資本密集型行業(yè),其投資更有效率。2003-2009年間,資本密集型行業(yè)和勞動密集型行業(yè)的投資效率也未達到DEA有效值。從整體上來看,資本密集型行業(yè)的投資效率呈下降趨勢；而勞動密集型行業(yè)的投資效率呈上升趨勢。但相比之下,資本密集型行業(yè)的投資效率每年仍高于勞動密集型行業(yè)。因此樣本期間,服務業(yè)中要素投入傾向資本密集型行業(yè),其投資更有效率。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the investment tendency and investment efficiency of China's service industry from 1996 to 2009. During 1996-2002, China's service industry showed a tendency of increasing capital-labor ratio. The composition of this ratio is based on the increase of the absolute value of capital factors in investment, and the absolute value of labor factors first increases a little and then gradually increases. On the basis of the decrease, it can be said that capital replaces labor to a great extent. In contrast, China's service industry also shows the tendency of increasing capital labor ratio during 2003-2009. In a word, the average annual growth rate of per capita capital in China's service industry during 1996-2009 is about 14%, and the industry as a whole shows the capital labor ratio. An increasing investment tendency.
At the same time, the relative investment efficiency of DEA non-parametric method shows that the overall investment efficiency of China's service industry is on the low side from 1996 to 2002. The average technical efficiency of China's investment is only 0.382, which is not up to the DEA effective level. In the stage of increasing returns to scale, these industries can improve the optimal allocation of resources and further expand their investment scale, which will help to improve the efficiency of investment in China. Pure technical efficiency of investment is the main reason for its low investment efficiency. The low pure technical efficiency of investment shows that the management level of service industry in China is low in the process of investment, and it needs the employees to improve their quality and post skills.
In 1996-2002, the investment efficiency of capital-intensive industries and labor-intensive industries did not reach the DEA effective value. In contrast, the investment efficiency of capital-intensive industries is slightly higher than that of labor-intensive industries every year, and shows an upward trend, while the investment efficiency of labor-intensive industries tends to change smoothly. In 2003-2009, the investment efficiency of capital-intensive industries and labor-intensive industries also did not reach the DEA effective value. In contrast, the investment efficiency of capital-intensive industries is still higher than that of labor-intensive industries every year. Therefore, factor input in service industries tends to be more efficient in capital-intensive industries during the sample period.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F224;F719

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